Journal of Environmental Management最新文献

{"title":"Using the SMART-Farm Tool to identify linchpin farming practices for the improvement of the atmosphere-related sustainability performance of the Luxembourgish agriculture sector.","authors":"Evelyne Stoll, Sabine Keßler, Laura Leimbrock-Rosch, Torsten Bohn, Rachel Reckinger, Christian Schader, Christian Herzig, Stéphanie Zimmer","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Agriculture is a major source of environmental emissions, including greenhouse gases (GHG), ammonia and other air pollutant emissions, particularly in livestock-intensive countries such as Luxembourg. Organic agriculture has attracted attention as a more environmentally friendly agricultural management system. This study assessed the atmosphere-related sustainability performance of 87 farms (4.5 % of all farms in Luxembourg) using the Sustainability Monitoring and Assessment RouTine (SMART)-Farm Tool, which operationalizes the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO)'s Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture Systems (SAFA) Guidelines. The sample included 58 conventional and 29 organic farms. Results showed that organically managed farms (orgF) achieved significantly higher sustainability scores than conventional farms (conF) in the Atmosphere theme (orgF mean: 63.8 %, conF mean: 56.6 %, p < 0.001), as well as in the sub-themes Air Quality (orgF mean: 69.3 %, conF mean: 59.1 %, p < 0.001) and Greenhouse Gases (orgF mean: 57.7 %, conF mean: 53.5 %, p = 0.002). Indicator-level analysis identified two key improvement strategies: (1) increasing concentrated feed autarky, with organic farms relying less on external protein and energy feeds; and (2) closing nutrient cycles, evidenced by higher use of legumes, green cover, and lower nitrogen inputs. These practices were strongly associated with improved atmospheric sustainability performance. Additionally, practices such as reduced tillage and cover cropping were underutilized across all systems, indicating broader areas for optimisation. While organic management outperformed conventional, the findings emphasize that many beneficial practices can be adopted system-independently. Policy efforts should focus on supporting these two linchpin strategies to trigger the development of a more sustainable farming system in Luxembourg and increase the sector's atmosphere-related sustainability performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127426"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing water management: Identifying strategies to enhance irrigation efficiency under drought conditions.","authors":"Álvaro Luque-Sánchez, Juan Manuel Díaz-Cabrera, Adela Perez Galvín, Juan Carlos Gámez-Granados, Isabel Luisa Castillejo-González","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study analyzes the water-energy nexus in a traditional, non-sensorized irrigation community under drought conditions (2020-2024) to identify management strategies that enhance irrigation efficiency. Electrical demand data from May 15 to October 15, when weather conditions are most unfavorable and crop seasonality drives peak irrigation demand, were examined using K-means clustering, which revealed four recurring daily load profiles each year. A subsequent analysis of these profiles showed a significant shift in both the distribution and variability of energy demand, with peak power reduced by approximately 40 % due to water scarcity. In 2024, following the implementation of new management strategies, energy use became more efficient: peak demand decreased further, a secondary peak was introduced to align with periods of increased river inflow, and daily variability was reduced. Finally, the temporal distribution of load profile was examined to detect daily and weekly trends throughout the summer campaign. The results confirmed the previous trends, highlighting the progressive reduction in water consumption during the drought, with the most severe impact observed in 2023. In contrast, 2024 was characterized by a more organized and efficient consumption pattern, following the adoption of improved water management measures. The findings underscore the critical importance of adaptive water management strategies during extreme drought conditions, enabling irrigation communities to effectively adjust practices in response to limited water availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127439"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the productivity of caproic acid in open culture chain elongation: A comparative study of biofilm systems.","authors":"Yunqian Song, Xueqin Zhang, Zheng Kong, Jiongbin Zhang, Toshikazu Fukushima, Shihu Hu, Bernardino Virdis","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing global energy consumption and climate challenges have emphasized the need for biotechnology-based methods to synthesize valuable chemicals. Biological chain elongation (CE) shows great potential for decarbonization by producing valuable biochemicals - specifically medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) - from waste streams containing simple short-chain chemical building blocks like acetic acid and ethanol. However, one of the key parameters that impacts the commercial viability of CE, hence its integration in sustainable chemical manufacturing, is the volumetric productivity. In this study, we compared two biofilm systems using commercially available carriers (respectively AnoxK™ Z-200 and K5) with a planktonic system to examine how biofilms enhance the conversion of acetate and ethanol to caproic acid (a medium chain carboxylic acid). The results show that the Z-200 and K5 systems achieved productivity up to 3.46 ± 0.08 g caproate/L/d and 8.1 ± 0.8 g caproate/L/d, respectively, outperforming the planktonic system at 3.02 ± 0.12 g caproate/L/d. Cycle studies further proved the superior performance of the biofilm systems, as shown by short lag-time and fast reaction kinetics. We validated biofilm formation in the CE process through microscopic visualization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scan microscopy (CLSM), biomass quantification, and analysis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Analysis of the microbial community through 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the biofilm systems were enriched by functional microbes (including Clostridium sensu stricto 12, Bacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, Caproiciproducens, and Proteiniphilum) previously associated with chain elongation microbiomes. The superior performance in the biofilm systems likely stems from improved biomass concentration, enriched functional microbes, and increased EPS production favouring retention of functional taxa. Overall, this work demonstrates how microbial biofilms can improve productivity of MCFA in CE systems, potentially expanding CE applications and improve decarbonization potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127395"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective water management strengthens synergistic control of nitrogen and phosphorus losses and CH₄ emissions in paddies in the Yangtze River Basin.","authors":"Qinjing Zhang, Yanhua Zhuang, Liang Zhang, Limei Zhai, Hongbin Liu, Yun Du","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synergistically mitigating non-point source (NPS) pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remains a challenge in rice production, due to \"trade-off\" emission effects. This study proposed the new multiple-objective irrigation (MOI) strategy with improved water management based on differences of critical periods (CPs) of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) losses and methane (CH₄) emissions. Through a systematic analysis of multi-sites data from 148 studies, CPs for single TN and TP losses, single CH₄ emissions, and coupled carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus loss were identified as: the turning green stage, the mid to late tillering stages, and the early tillering to early jointing-booting stages, respectively. Based on these identified periods, three water management strategies - \"as much storage as possible\", \"as much drainage as possible\", and \"low-water management\" - were applied in the MOI, incorporating distinct water thresholds, specific durations for field drying, and water retention parameters. Field experiment revealed that MOI significantly outperformed traditional flooding irrigation (TFI) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) practices in water-saving and pollution mitigation. MOI reduced 35.65 % and 29.21 % TN losses, 64.31 % and 54.34 % TP losses, and 66.46 % and 43.28 % CH₄ emissions compared to TFI and AWD, respectively. Moreover, MOI conserved 56.76 % and 48.39 % irrigation water compared to TFI and AWD, respectively, while exhibiting better tolerance to high-temperature stress relative to AWD and maintaining stable yields. This study confirmed that accurate identification of CPs and optimization of irrigation can synergistically enhance agricultural production and ecological benefits, providing a significant basis for sustainable water management in paddy fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127443"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing spatiotemporal variability in life cycle assessment: review focused on applications relevant to agriculture.","authors":"Sofia Bahmutsky, Nicole Bamber, Vivek Arulnathan, Nathan Pelletier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Agricultural life cycle assessment (LCA) studies often rely on aggregated, national-scale inventory data, which risks misrepresenting actual inventories and environmental impacts at regional or local levels. Variability in soil characteristics and climate conditions exacerbates this issue, particularly in field- or farm-level assessments. LCA accuracy improves when regionalized inventory data and updated methodologies are used, though practical implementation is often limited by the lack of standardized frameworks, spatially/temporally relevant inventory data, and software limitations. This study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method to identify literature addressing spatiotemporal variability in LCA, and identification of software and/or techniques used in the domain. It evaluated methods currently used to incorporate such variability, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each. The contribution of the review is presented as the first systematic synthesis of spatial and temporal methodological approaches for agricultural LCA coupled with a practical decision-support framework for practitioners. Geographic information systems enhance LCA accuracy by modeling spatial and temporal patterns. Among the available tools, Brightway2, Temporalis, and OpenLCA are the most capable of dynamic and regionalized LCA, with Ecoinvent offering the most regionalized background data. While spatial differentiation is valuable, highly granular modeling (e.g., individual plant or row level) is often unnecessary for accurate results. However, detailed inventories are beneficial for specific applications like precision agriculture. Land use and soil organic carbon were the most commonly cited topics related to spatial and temporal variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127451"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation restoration alleviates microbial nitrogen limitation in abandoned spoils at early-stage: Implications for vegetation configuration on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.","authors":"Chaoqun Chen, Qinghua Liu, Wenzhi Du, Shulan Wu, Liu Li, Hewen Li, Xueyong Pang, Chunying Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vegetation restoration in degraded ecosystems is critical for microbial nutrient cycling, which determines recovery effectiveness. The mechanisms plant community configurations regulate microbial metabolism in nutrient-poor substrates remain poorly understood yet, particularly in fragile alpine regions. To examine the capacity of vegetation restoration to alleviate microbial resource limitations in abandoned construction spoil sites at early-stage on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, four vegetation configurations based on Elymus nutans, were designed: bare land (control), monotypic herbs (H), herbs and shrubs combination (SH), and herbs, shrubs and trees combination (TSH).We assessed soil nutrient dynamics, microbial biomass and extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs) by combining eco-enzymatic stoichiometry (EES) and vector analysis. The results revealed that compared to control, vegetation restoration significantly alleviated microbial nutrient limitation, particularly nitrogen limitation, although it significantly reduced soil nitrate (NO₃^-) concentrations by 19-39 %. The underlying mechanisms were: 1) vegetation restoration stimulated microbial metabolism, with C-, N-, and P-acquiring enzymes collectively increasing (e.g., alkaline phosphatase by 3.3-6.2 times) to enhance nutrient mining. 2) microbial communities adjusted their stoichiometric homeostasis. Thus, microbial nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) was increased. Our findings highlight that microbial metabolic plasticity, characterized by enzymatic activation and stoichiometric rebalancing, is pivotal in converting nutrient competition stress into enhanced resource use efficiency. This mechanistic understanding could provide guidelines for vegetation restoration amplify microbial functional resilience in alpine ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127441"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different machine learning techniques for downscaling SMAP and NLDAS soil moisture over CONUS.","authors":"Eshita A Eva, Steven M Quiring","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although many soil moisture products are available, they do not have a high enough spatial resolution for many applications. For example, soil moisture for agriculture applications is best at sub-field scale resolution. The goal of this study is to identify the best approach for downscaling 1-km soil moisture. Two distinct sources of soil moisture data and two units of soil moisture (volumetric water content (VWC) and percentiles (a standard form of soil moisture value for different purpose)) were utilized: satellite-derived soil moisture from NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission (2015-2021) and model-based soil moisture from the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) (2001-2021). Three machine learning techniques were applied to generate higher resolution soil moisture over CONUS: random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values were generated to determine which features are most important for downscaling soil moisture. This study found that RF had the best performance for downscaling volumetric water content (VWC) (MAE for SMAP = 0.0816; MAE for NLDAS = 0.0828) and soil moisture percentiles (MAE for SMAP = 0.217; MAE for NLDAS = 0.226). XGB also had good accuracy. The difference in accuracy between RF and XGB is negligible, and XGB was faster to run. This makes it a good choice for downscaling soil moisture. SVM had larger errors for downscaling VWC, and it was slower to run. Elevation and precipitation are the most influential features in the RF downscaling of SMAP and NLDAS soil moisture. Dew point temperature, antecedent precipitation index, elevation, and maximum temperature are the most influential features in the XGB downscaling of SMAP and NLDAS soil moisture.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127442"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating justice into the assessment of urban disaster resilience construction efficiency: considering the undesirable welfare losses of vulnerable groups.","authors":"Ran Yi, Yanan Chen, An Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The combined effects of climate change and urbanization have intensified the need to enhance urban disaster resilience. Integrating efficiency and justice into the framework for resilient city construction is particularly critical. This study developed an evaluation framework for disaster resilience construction efficiency (DRCE) from a \"resource input-resilience output\" perspective, incorporating undesirable outputs associated with welfare losses among vulnerable populations. Specifically, a Super-efficiency Slack-Based Measure (Super-SBM) model with undesirable outputs and the Global Malmquist Luenberger (GML) index were integrated to examine the spatiotemporal distribution of DRCE across 31 Chinese provinces from 2010 to 2023, from both static and dynamic perspectives. Next, the disparities between disaster resilience levels and DRCE were analyzed using measured element slacks. Furthermore, provinces that experienced declines in DRCE rankings after accounting for undesirable outputs were identified, along with the contributing factors. Results indicate that China's average DRCE exhibited strong efficiency, with the GML index was 1.010. DRCE improvements in eastern China were primarily driven by changes in the best practice gap (BPC), while technical efficiency (EC) was the key driver in central and western regions. Engineering and technology inputs inefficiencies were the main reasons for high resilience levels but low DRCE. After considering the welfare losses of vulnerable groups, the DRCE rankings of Beijing, Guangxi and Jiangxi have declined significantly, mainly due to the imbalance of economic loss and education loss, respectively. These findings provided valuable insights for fostering efficient and justice disaster-resilient cities, promoting urban sustainability, and advancing shared global prosperity.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127419"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue-resident microbiomes shape stress resilience and dispersal behavior in an agrobiont spider.","authors":"Milan Řezáč, Veronika Řezáčová, Ema Némethová, Nela Gloríková, Sandra Tranová, Petr Heneberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spiders serve as key biological control agents in agroecosystems, but they face repeated disturbances due to common agricultural practices. The wolf spider Pardosa agrestis, a dominant agrobiont species, recolonizes these disrupted habitats via dispersal strategies such as ballooning, particularly during juvenile stages. This study investigated how nutrition and insecticide exposure influence ballooning behavior and the structure-function dynamics of the spider's tissue-resident microbiome. We found that dispersal behavior in P. agrestis is structured and repeatable, driven by environmental cues such as light and wind, and further modulated by previous exposure. Although diet significantly impacted growth and development, it had a minimal influence on the dispersal strategy. The tissue-resident microbiome analysis revealed a diverse, core symbiotic community with notable responsiveness to both dietary and pesticide-induced stress. Specific tissue-resident microbial taxa shifted their predicted metabolic output under nutrient deprivation, suggesting adaptive biosynthetic activity. Importantly, distinct predicted microbial metabolic profiles were associated with spider behaviors (e.g., ballooning) and physiological traits (e.g., endurance), indicating a microbiome-mediated influence on the dispersal capacity. Moreover, tissue-resident microbial community function was correlated with host survival after insecticide exposure, implicating its role in detoxification and resistance. These findings highlight the role of the tissue-resident microbiome as a functional partner in arthropod stress resilience and dispersal behavior in agroecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127431"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrothermal coordination dominated vegetation restoration in open-pit mine reclamation across multiple climatic zones in arid and semi-arid China.","authors":"Xiaotong Han, Shaogang Lei, Yongjun Yang, Yu Tian, Yufan Xu, Hang Chen, Yingjie Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vegetation restoration in open-pit mining areas of arid and semi-arid regions faces challenges due to ecological fragility and complex climate-human interactions. This study analyzed vegetation recovery in over 200 mines across northern China (2001-2023) using remote sensing and meteorological data, assessing the influence of climate factors and reclamation years. A Hydrothermal Coordination Index (HCI) was developed to quantify vegetation sensitivity across climatic zones, reclamation modes, and reclamation stages. Results show an east-west shift from greening to browning, with humid zones outperforming arid ones in vegetation recovery. Moisture availability was the dominant driver, modulated by heat stress and regional heterogeneity. Reclamation structure complexity reduced reliance on precipitation. HCI strongly influenced vegetation trends, with the highest sensitivity observed during early reclamation and in zones with either optimal or poor hydrothermal balance. These findings highlight the need for region-specific mine reclamation strategies aligned with ecological and socio-economic contexts. This study offers critical insights and a methodological framework for climate-adaptive ecological restoration in vulnerable mining landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"394 ","pages":"127440"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}