Family Medicine and Medical Science Research最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome is the Problem in Young Diabetics","authors":"A. Chwalba, E. Otto-Buczkowska","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000148","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome is an important problem in a population of children and adolescents. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as physical inactivity and increased caloric intake are responsible for the predisposition to metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance is proposed to have a pivotal role in the development of the metabolic syndrome. \u0000Metabolic syndrome, which is composed of such factors as insulin resistance, glucose intolerance or diabetes, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension, contributes to accelerated development of cardiovascular diseases, orthopaedic disorders, and other medical consequences. Early conservative intervention with diet, exercise, and behavioural therapy may prevent the complications of insulin resistance.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115123390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, Utilization of Emergency Contraceptive and Associated Factors among Female Students of Debre Markos Higher Institutions, Northwest Ethiopia, 2014","authors":"H. Abera, Muleta Mokonnen, Dube Jara","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000149","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Emergency contraception (EC), also called post coital contraception is a method of preventing pregnancy as a result of unanticipated sexual activity, contraceptive failure, or sexual assault. Young people today marry later, and more start sex before marriage. In addition to the higher risk of morbidity and mortality, adolescent pregnancy can lead to serious social stigma and health consequences for both mother and child. However, in many developing countries, pregnancy severely limits an adolescent in pursuing education and in having broader economic opportunities in the future. \u0000Objectives: the main of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, utilization of emergency contraceptive and associated factors among female students of Debre Markos Higher Institutions 2014. \u0000Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional study design supported with qualitative study was conducted. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select 549 students among female students in Debre Markos Higher Institutions. Data were collected by interview using structured self-administered questionnaire. The analysis was done using SPSS version 16. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with outcome variables. \u0000Results: The overall response rate was 88%. The age of the study participants ranged from 18-35 years with mean of 20.59 ( ? 1.9SD) years. Among the students participated in this study 411(74.9%) were found to be knowledgeable about emergency contraceptives but only 283(48.5%) had favorable attitude and 99(18.4%) female students ever used. Age group greater than or equal to 25 years, married students and students with unfavorable attitude were less likely users. \u0000Conclusion: More than half of respondents had unfavorable attitude towards emergency contraceptive methods and the utilization was very low. Age of respondents, married status and their attitude were independent predictors of emergency contraceptives use. \u0000Health education program should be setup to the university students to give accurate information about emergency contraceptive methods.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129746240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoxetine-Induced Atypical Serotonin Syndrome with Hallucinations Masquerading as a Parkinsonian Syndrome","authors":"Sarah J Stephens, A. Muzyk, M. Woodworth","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000147","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To report a unique case of fluoxetine overdose leading to serotonin syndrome with auditory and complex visual hallucinations. This case also demonstrates serotonin syndrome may mimic a Parkinsonian syndrome, which is poorly described in the literature. \u0000Case Summary: A 65-year-old gentleman, undergoing evaluation for possible Parkinsonian syndrome with bradykinesia and rigidity presented to the emergency department with additional complaints of weakness, fatigue, flushing, and complex visual and auditory hallucinations. Chart review revealed he was unintentionally overdosed with fluoxetine to a total daily dose of 160 mg. Examination revealed tachycardia, diaphoresis, significant mydriasis, and visual hallucinations. Initial workup was unremarkable. Poison control recommended discontinuation of the fluoxetine and in follow up he reported resolution of all symptoms. \u0000Discussion: This case describes serotonin syndrome as the result of chronic fluoxetine overdose masquerading as a Parkinsonian syndrome. This patient also experienced auditory and visual hallucinations that resolved with cessation of fluoxetine, adverse effects which are relatively uncommon. The likelihood the patient’s symptoms were the result of fluoxetine intoxication is probable, as assessed by the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) probability scale. \u0000Conclusions: Chronic fluoxetine overdose can lead to serotonin syndrome, as well as, several rare adverse effects including a Parkinsonian syndrome, complex visual, and auditory hallucinations. A high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis of serotonin syndrome, particularly in mild cases. Most cases can be prevented with careful medication reconciliation.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133393752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intention to use Long-acting and Permanent Family Planning Methods among Married 15-49 years Women in Debremarkos Town, Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"A. Abajobir","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000145","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Access to high quality modern contraceptives and women’s education are the two central issues in the Ethiopian government development strategy. Demand, access and use of the provider-dependent, long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods, have lagged behind, despite high effectiveness and popularity among users. Thus, this study assessed the intention and factors associated with long-acting and permanent family planning methods among married 15-45 years women in Debre markos town to look at the local context. \u0000Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the intention and factors associated with long-acting and permanent family planning methods in June 2013. The total sample size was 343 and samples were allotted proportionally for randomly selected three kebeles. Data were collected after ethical clearance had been obtained from research and publication directorate of Debre markos University and analysed descriptively and using logistic regression analyses. \u0000Results: Almost one in five 157 (45.9%) married 15-49 years women intended to use long-acting and permanent family planning either to space or limit birth. Lack of method mix was considered as the main reason not to intend the methods. Age, educational status, discussion on family planning methods with husband, desire for live children, ever and current use of any modern contraceptive methods and shifting from one method to the other were factors associated with intention to use long-acting family planning methods. \u0000Conclusion: Generally, long-acting and permanent methods intention was found to be high among married women either to space or limit their pregnancy. Health promotion activities on the benefits of long-acting and permanent family planning must be undertaken to increase women’s awareness towards the methods.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126388522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress: A Serious Health Concern","authors":"O. Johnson","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000146","url":null,"abstract":"The demands of daily living have an impact on the human body, affecting its normal physiological equilibrium, many times to the extent that the individual’s body succumbs to serious pathological manifestations. While efforts are being made to eradicate communicable diseases and reduce predisposing factors to non communicable ones, many are being brought down by an apparently ignored but real phenomenon called stress. This is a silent killer capable of affecting virtually every system of the body leading to very fatal consequences. In addition individuals are known to incur huge medical bills as a result of stress related ailments. Workplaces also suffer financial losses as a result of stress related reduced productivity, absenteeism or sometimes costly mistakes by staff. The aim of this essay is to highlight the health hazards associated with stress and recommend ways of preventing their occurrences. The essay looks at the meaning of stress, its spectrum, types of stressors and an individual’s response to stress. It then offers some tips on avoiding and managing stress. It is hoped that by understanding some of the consequences of being under excessive pressure, one can begin to take positive steps towards reducing the impact on the body. In order to live a long fulfilling life, reducing stress in our day to day life is a virtual necessity. \u0000Conclusion: The negative consequences of excessive stress on an individual are too numerous to be ignored. One should therefore make every effort to curb the menace of this silent killer.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131393417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work-Related Traumatic Injury in the Paper-Producing Industry in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Nigerian Newsprint Manufacturing Company Limited, Oku- Iboku, Akwa Ibom State","authors":"I. Okokon, U. Asibong, F. Archibong, E. Monjok","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000143","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This research aimed to determine the characteristics of work-related traumatic injuries in a paper-producing company over a 12-month period, as a case study of the traumatic injury picture in the industry in Nigeria. \u0000Materials and Methods: This was a longitudinal descriptive study using a structured questionnaire to collect information from permanent employees of the Nigerian Newsprint Manufacturing Company Limited, upon presentation to the Company Medical Service. The identification number of each affected employee was noted. All traumatic injuries sustained by employees while on duty were examined, classified and coded following the World Health Organisation’s guidelines. Data gathered were analysed using tables and percentages. The chi-square test was employed in the comparison of the burden of injury in the two major divisions of the Company with the level of statistical significance set at 0.05. \u0000Results: Affected workers were all males with a mean age of 32.14±3.23 years. The Crude Incidence rate of severe injury for the whole Company was 50.7 injuries per 1000 employees, and the Specific Incidence rate for the producing divisions of the Company was 71.7 injuries per 1000 employees. The majority of cases were superficial traumatic injuries (65.1%) requiring only first-aid care and the leading cause of severe injury in forest work was “struck by falling object” (22.86%), while “contact with powered hand tool”, the chainsaw (15.50%) was commonest equipment in causation of severe traumatic injury. The burden of Injury in the Forestry division was statistically significant over that in Operations division of the Company (p< 0.05). \u0000Conclusion: This study recommends the opening of a National work-related Injury register in Nigeria, for the ease of tracking such injuries in workplaces in the country. Family Physicians are enjoined to work together with the few occupational health physicians to strengthen industrial safety in the emerging factories nationally.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117076918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Informal Caregiver: A Qualitative Assessment of Needs and Requirements","authors":"H. Schultz, J. Higham, M. Schultz","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000144","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The centralisation of many medical services to hospitals in larger centres, as well as the cost consciousness of patients and medical insurers alike, has led to an increased necessity to travel nationally to seek medical treatment. This phenomenon is observed in New Zealand and world-wide. This is not unlike international medical tourism but research into the needs and requirements of the informal caregiver, accompanying the patient, has been neglected. \u0000Methods: Informal caregivers (IC), accompanying a patient for 2 or more days to receive medical treatment were recruited from private and public medical service providers in Dunedin, New Zealand. A semi-structured interview producing in-depth information to profile the visitor demographics and to explore the nature of their visit and their experiences was constructed. The qualitative material was screened for similarities and contradictions and analysed taking the situation of the support person and the environment into account. \u0000Results: Five participants were ICs of patients in private treatment; one participant accompanied a patient to a publicly funded treatment. ICs stayed for 2 days to 5 weeks. In the private sector no assistance was offered to help with basic requirements such as travel and accommodation although this was funded and therefore arranged for in the public sector. All IC critically missed interaction with other IC and most were interested in local attractions. \u0000Conclusions: This research shows that service provision for medical tourists at least in the private health care sector is solely focussed on the patient while the basic needs and requirements of the IC are neglected. This leads to social isolation and creates a barrier to travel. This fact offers an opportunity for local tourism operators to engage with health care providers to gain access to this niche market and aid the recovery process of the patient by allowing the IC to concentrate on the support that is expected.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114580789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Cecum: A Rare but Aggressive Form of Colonic Neoplasia","authors":"Maisa I Abdalla, Chad Cornish, Sofia Taboada, S. Kothari, R. Doshi, T. Kothari, V. Kaul","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000142","url":null,"abstract":"Adenosquamous carcinoma is a rare form of colorectal cancer. It is believed to be more aggressive and carries a poorer prognosis compared to the more typical colonic adenocarcinomas. Here we describe a case of primary cecaladenosquamous carcinoma invading into the terminal ileum along with a review of the literature.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124229579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Quality and Determinant Factors of Post-Abortion Care in Governmental Hospitals of Tigray, Ethiopia, 2013","authors":"Balem Demtsu, Gessessew Bugssa, Amare Alemu","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000140","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unsafe abortion is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide accounting for 13% of maternal deaths globally. Objective: To assess quality and determinant factors of post-abortion care in governmental Hospitals of Tigray, Ethiopia. \u0000Method: Institution based Cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2013. Four hundred twenty post apportion care clients were interviewed and 60 clients were observed to obtain qualitative data. Data was collected using pre prepared structured checklist and analyzed using SPSS version 16.00. The association between dependent and in dependent variables was assessed and presented using descriptive statistics, and logistic regression.   \u0000Results: Majority (46.9%) of the study subjects fall in to the age category of 14-19 years. The study depicted that only 40.6% of the clients were satisfied. Client satisfaction was significantly associated with educational and occupational status, laboratory prescription and toilet access. Only 48 % of study subjects were informed about the available family planning methods and supplied with. The observational study revealed that 88.3% of the clients did not get the opportunity to pose questions or concerns. Only one of the health institutions has functional sink with adequate water supply in the abortion room. No more than 22.2 % of the care providers got refresher training on relevant areas. \u0000Conclusion: This study has identified main concerns that could have great input on the improvement of post abortion care. Hence, we can conclude that patient satisfaction is low and there is lack of refreshments trainings especially on counseling and supporting. Besides, there are shortage of materials and supplies. This all could have synergetic effect on compromising the quality of post abortion care. For this reason, it is recommended to skill up the providers with evidence based trainings to enhance quality of post abortion care.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"653 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122962037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risky Sexual Practice and Associated Factors among High School Adolescent in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2014","authors":"Almaz Gizaw, Dube Jara, K. Ketema","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000141","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Risky sexual practice conceptualized as any practice associated with sexual contact that involves a likelihood of any negative consequence including HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted diseases, acquired due to number of sexual partners, inconsistent use of condom and sexual intercourse with risk partners. \u0000Objective: The main aim of this study was to assess the risk sexual practice and associated factors among high school adolescent in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. \u0000Method: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on 836 students by selected multistage sampling technique. Data was collected by pretested questionnaire from Apri1.7-25, 2014. The collected data were entered in to Epi info version 3.5.1 then exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with risky sexual practice among school adolescent. The crude and adjusted odds ratio together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals was computed. A P-value<0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically significant in this study. \u0000Result: The prevalence of risk sexual behavior among responding students was 26.7%. Risk sexual practice was associated with using alcohol/chat with (AOR=3.38,95% CI 1.55,7.34), with cigarette smoking (AOR=3.44 95% CI 1.58, 7.50), Self-efficacy (AOR=1.76,CI 1.10,2.82) and those student whom their friends had not known by their family (AOR=1.82,95% CI 1.28,2.59), being male sex (AOR=228 95% CI 1.05,3.28) And educational status (AOR=3. 69,95%CI 2.23,6.12). \u0000Conclusion: Risk sexual practice was relatively high among school students. Educational status, sex, Self-efficacy, students whom their friends not know by their family, using alcohol/chat and cigarette smoking showed statistically significant association with risk sexual practice. Strengthening open discussion among family members in general and effective gender education should be introduced to them at an early age","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128050715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}