Family Medicine and Medical Science Research最新文献

{"title":"Community Based Health Insurance Scheme as a New Healthcare Financing Approach in Rural Ethiopia: Role on Access, Use and Quality of Healthcare Services, the Case of Tehuledere District, South Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia","authors":"Molla Yismaw Jembere","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000227","url":null,"abstract":"Community based health insurance scheme is an emerging and promising concept to access affordable and effective healthcare, to protect households from out of pocket expenditure and impoverishment. Accordingly, this study examined access, use and quality of services after the introduction of the scheme in Ethiopia. To conduct this study, mixed research approach, descriptive, inferential and thematic analysis employed concurrently to collect data from participants. The study finding disclosed that by avoiding out of pocket payment, community based health insurance improve access and overall quality of service. Moreover, health services utilization improved from 0.33 visits of individual per year in 2011 to 1.44 visits in 2016. However, there were limitations in some quality indicator, moral hazards (miss utilizations) and adverse selections (inclusion of chronically ill, poor and indigents) during enrolment. Generally, the purpose of the scheme is threefold: increase access and use by making healthcare services more affordable and equitable, improve health status of population, and mitigate the out of pocket financial consequences of ill health by distributing the costs of healthcare across all members of a risk pool within the scheme.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133710992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Perception of Sensitive Skin and Objective and Subjective Measures in Women with Urinary Incontinence","authors":"M. M. Trowbridge, R. Cheng, M. Farage","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000221","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine the prevalence of perceived sensitive skin in urinary incontinent women, and explore associations with objective and subjective measures. Methods: A sensitive skin questionnaire was administered to 122 predominantly obese, frequent urinary incontinent women normally using protective underwear and recruited from the general population in St. Petersburg, Florida and San Antonio, Texas between October 2013 and February 2014. Their sensitive skin perception was compared with: 1) genital erythema, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in the population, and subgroups of diabetic/menopausal status, and 2) product-related experiences. ]Results: Population of 72% postmenopausal, 82% non-diabetic women, reported overall (62%), facial (50%), genital (41%), and body (39%) skin sensitivity. No statistical differences or trends found with diabetic/menopausal profile. Sensitive skin perception corresponded to higher (worse) erythema and TEWL scores over time, with some statistically significant differences for TEWL: overall buttock site on Day 14 (p=0.02), non-diabetic buttock (p=0.03), postmenopausal buttock (p=0.01) and labia majora (p=0.03) sites at Day 7 and at the buttock (p=0.01) site on Day 14. There was a statistically discernable perceived irritation due to products used in the genital area for subjects with perceived sensitive skin (p<0.05), and sensitive skin subjects were more likely to avoid certain ingredients and look for claims related to sensitive skin (p<0.01). Conclusions: Based on this study, no association was seen between perception of sensitive skin and diabetic/ menopausal status. Skin sensitivity was associated numerically with higher (worse) erythema and TEWL scores, some reaching statistical significance. Sensitive skin consumers were more likely to experience product irritation used in the genital area, avoid certain ingredients, and look for sensitive skin claims. The diabetic population was small in this study, and a larger study is needed for final conclusion.m.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123665101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Children Under Five Years in Primary Health Care Centers in Bahrain","authors":"Soha H Shosha, Fatema Al Maknei, F. Hasan, Z. Abdulla, Rabab Ahmed, Ejlal Al Alawi","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is an increase in use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM). We aimed to assess the prevalence of CAM use by parents for their children aged less than five years; common types used and factors influencing their use. Methods: This cross sectional study was done by interviewing parents of children aged less than 5 years attending primary health care centers in Bahrain between the period of 15th May till 30th of June 2014. Results: Prevalence of CAM use was found to be 93.3%. Most common types used were natural therapy (86.7%). Among factors related to CAM use; health center & nationality were the only significant ones. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates high prevalence of CAM use among parents for their children aged less than five years. Family and friends are the main source of recommendation for CAM use, and majority of parents do inform their physicians about CAM use.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131139982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life: Analysis Under Varying Glycated Hemoglobin Conditions","authors":"H. Wang, Y. Chen, Fengzhi Yang, C. Juan","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000218","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the correlation between self-efficacy and quality of life (QoL) in patients with diabetes under varying glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) conditions. \u0000Methods: The 177 outpatients with Type 2 diabetes were included in this study at a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan. We reviewed the results of the patients’ HbA1c test results from the preceding 3 months and recorded these data. HbA1c levels were divided into three control groups: good, moderate, and poor. In multiple regression analysis, the relationship between overall self-efficacy and QoL, then stepwise added HbA1c and demographic variables. \u0000Results: This study revealed a strong relationship between self-efficacy and QoL. In comparison to the overall sample (referred to as the baseline group), the relationship between self-efficacy and QoL was significant. In the good control group, the relationship between self-efficacy and QoL intensified. \u0000However, the correlation between the two in the moderate control group weakened, and the correlation between the two in the poor control group was the lowest. Therefore, as HbA1c levels increased, the correlation between selfefficacy and QoL weakened and tended to decline steadily. In addition, the relationship between the self-efficacy dimensions of medication control, foot care, and QoL intensified in the poor control group. However, regression analysis showed that the partial regression influence of HbA1c on mental QoL and environmental QoL was not significant. \u0000Conclusions: Self-efficacy and QoL were significantly correlated under various HbA1c conditions. Therefore, improving self-efficacy to achieve appropriate blood glucose control can help increase the QoL of patients with Type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133658624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cabergoline (Dostinex) Effect on Weight Ovarian Function","authors":"R. Al-Ameri","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000217","url":null,"abstract":"Cabergoline’s common brand name (Dostinex) is a long-acting dopamine receptor agonist, blocks prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland. It is used in Inhibition of physiological lactation, hyperprolactinaemia-associated disorders as polycystic ovarian syndrome, pituitary adenoma, and in Parkinson's disease; adjunct to levodopa treatment in Parkinson's disease. Common side effects of cabergoline; nausea, stomach upset, vomiting, constipation, heartburn, dizziness, tiredness, numbness, burning, and tingling in the hands, arms, legs, or feet. \u0000This report of two cases, take cabergoline showed a reduction in weight, resuming steady ovulation and regular menstruation after cabergoline treatment, with a possible side effect that these two cases developed follicular cyst following cabergoline treatment.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115095038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy and Cancer: A Cohort Study","authors":"Suvi Tuulia Hamalainen, Kaisa Turunen, K. Mattila, E. Kosunen, M. Sumanen","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000216","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In a previous questionnaire study, more breast cancers were reported by women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) than by the controls. The aim of this study was to establish whether ICP is associated with cancer in the Finnish Cancer Registry data, the study population being the same cohort as in the questionnaire study. \u0000Methods: The study population comprised 571 women with ICP in at least one pregnancy and 1,333 controls from Tampere University Hospital in Finland during 1969–1988. The cancer data were obtained from the Finnish Cancer Registry. The cancers were classified by ICD-O-3 and diagnosed during the period 1953−2013. \u0000Results: In the ICP group, the odds ratio of cancers (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.96–1.64), and breast cancer in particular (OR 1.36, 95% CI 0.91–2.03), was slightly higher than in the control group. Seven percent of the ICP group and 5.3% of the control group had breast cancer. \u0000Conclusion: Based on this study there is not a significant association between ICP and cancer. Earlier observation in the questionnaire study regarding association between ICP and breast cancer cannot be confirmed by this registry based study.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121542718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Prophylactic Corticosteroid Therapy on Respiratory Morbidity in Infants Borne at Term by Elective Cesarean Section at Omdurman Maternity Hospital","authors":"Khairy S Ismail, Umbeli Taha, A. Mahgoub, Kuna Abdulilah, A. Kholoud, O. Mohamed, H. A. Elkheir","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000215","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: A study done in Omdurman Maternity Hospital (OMH) during 2013, to study the effect of \u0000 corticosteroid administration two days before an elective caesarean section to reduce the respiratory morbidity in \u0000 infants born. \u0000Methodology: It is a randomized control trial study comparing prophylactic antenatal corticosteroids with no treatment given before elective caesarean section C/S. \u0000Results: A total of 560 patients of 5421 who underwent elective caesarean section C/S in 2013, were randomly \u0000 selected, 281 (50.2%) were treated by 12 mg dexamethasone, two doses 12 hours apart, and 279 (49.8%) were in \u0000 the control group. 26 infants were admitted to nursery there were 8 new-borns from the treatment group, and 18 \u0000 from control group, with regards to indication of admission; those who had Respiratory distress (RDS) in the control \u0000 group were 6 (2.2%),and in the treatment group were 2(0.7%), Transient tachypnea of the newborn( TTN) in the \u0000 control group were 12 (4.3%), in the treatment group were 6(2.2%), (P value 0.00), (RR: 0.6 for TTN & 0.25 for \u0000 RDS). Stay in special babies care unit (SBCU)<24 hours were 6 (2.2%) in control group and 8 (2.8%) in the \u0000 treatment group, stay>24 hours were 12 (4.3%) in the control group and zero in the treatment, (P value was 0.026). \u0000 3 (1.1%) needed assisted ventilation, one death found in the control group (0.4%). \u0000Conclusion: Giving dexamethasone, two before elective C/S had a significant reduction in the respiratory \u0000 morbidity and decrease hospital study. It has no adverse effect and can be safely used.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133729579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Patient-Perceived Barriers to Communication between Patients and Physicians","authors":"S. Douglas, L. D. Souza, M. Yudin","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000214","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Barriers to full disclosure and communication of complete and accurate health history from patients to their physicians can compromise patient care. Identification of barriers to communication between patients and their physicians, and assessing communication techniques to overcome putative barriers may improve medical training, quality patient care, and patient experience. \u0000Methods: The authors performed a cross-sectional study using a novel questionnaire at an urban, inner-city hospital in Toronto, Ontario between January 1, 2011 and January 1, 2012, in order to evaluate potential barriers to communication. Variables included physician age, gender, education, ethnicity, position, perceived sexual orientation, marital status, physical attractiveness and reason for appointment. All patients attending a gynaecology appointment received the paper-based, anonymous questionnaire. Analyses applied the statistical package, SAS Software, Version 9.2. \u0000Results: Responses for 286 completed questionnaires were analysed. The most common barriers to communication included having a male physician (40.9%) and having a history taken by a medical student (24.5%). Sensitivity to having a male provider was more frequently reported in women under the age of thirty (63.6%) and nulliparous women (49.6%), p<0.05. Communication was perceived to be improved when physicians acknowledged patient concerns (95.1%), sought to understand patient concerns (91.9%), and included the patient in decisionmaking (74.1%). \u0000Conclusions: Physician gender and education level are barriers to full disclosure and communication from patients. Physicians should strive to understand patient concerns and include patients in decision-making in order to encourage full disclosure. Awareness of these obstacles is vital to promoting patient-centered care and to effective physician training.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124020243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contraceptive Discontinuation, Method Switching and Associated Factors among Reproductive Age Women in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2013","authors":"Zemenu Shiferaw Yideta, L. Mekonen, Wubareg Seifu, Sisay Shine","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000213","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although there has been an increase in preference for modern methods in Ethiopia in recent years, high method discontinuation and switching are also common. Apparently, there is a lot of study on the prevalence rate of contraceptive among couples, but not sufficient knowledge about the reasons switches the method used and why they give up the contraceptives after using for some time. This implies that the study of discontinuation of contraceptive use, along with the associated factors for such discontinuation, becomes important that would have further implications for continuing the success of family planning programs in Ethiopia. \u0000Methods and Materials: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 423 randomly selected reproductive age women. Pretested structured questionnaire which contain calendar data format were used. Both SPSS version 20 and MS-excel were used to compute the descriptive and life table analysis. Descriptive and life table analysis technique were employed to estimate discontinuation. Cox-regression was used to evaluate statistical significance of covariate with a p-value less or equal to 0.05. \u0000Results: The life table analysis depicted to be 11.5% and 27.4% women discontinued within 12 months and 24 months respectively. Contraceptive discontinuation was found to be highest for the contraceptive pills (30.0%) of twelve months rate. The rate of switching to other contraceptive method by the end of first year was much higher (9.6%) than rate of abandoning (1.5%). Divorced women [AHR: 2.52, 95% CI: (1.17, 5.41)], poor quality of services [(AHR: 1.87, 95% CI: (1.34, 2.61)], and education level [(AHR 1.59, 95% CI: (1.01, 2.49)] were predictors of contraceptive discontinuation. \u0000Conclusion: Contraceptive discontinuation was relatively high. Being divorced, poor service quality and low level of education were predictors of contraceptive discontinuation. Further emphasis on quality of care, and expanding access to a range of contraceptive methods should be addressed.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115058848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 4-Decade Enigma, Two Researchers and a Wonderful History","authors":"Le, ro Bueno Bergantin, A. Caricati‐Neto","doi":"10.4172/2327-4972.1000E109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-4972.1000E109","url":null,"abstract":"Bergantin LB, Caricati-Neto A (2017) A 4-Decade Enigma, Two Researchers and a Wonderful History. Fam Med Med Sci Res 6:e109.","PeriodicalId":356612,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Medical Science Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121445724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}