Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis最新文献_第3页

Management of Advanced Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Current Systemic Therapy Options. 晚期甲状腺髓样癌的治疗：目前的系统治疗方案

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024051588

Mark A Jara

{"title":"Management of Advanced Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Current Systemic Therapy Options.","authors":"Mark A Jara","doi":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024051588","DOIUrl":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024051588","url":null,"abstract":"The current rapid development of more selective and effective drugs for the treatment of thyroid cancer has open a new era in the treatment of patients with this condition, in the past limited to the possibility of only radioactive iodine for well differentiated tumor and surgery for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). The treatment of advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma has evolved in the last few years and options for patients with advanced disease are now available. Multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) with nonselective RET inhibition like Vandetanib and Cabozantinib were approved for the treatment of MTC, although the efficacy is limited due to the lack of specificity resulting in a higher rate of drug-related adverse events, leading to subsequent dose reductions, or discontinuation, and the development of a resistance mechanism like seen on the RET Val804 gatekeeper mutations. MTC is associated with mutations in the RET protooncogene, and new highly selective RET inhibitors have been developed including Selpercatinib and Pralsetinib, drugs that have demonstrate excellent results in clinical trials, and efficacy even in the presence of gatekeeper mutations. However, despite their efficacy and great tolerability, mechanisms of resistance have been described, such as the RET solvent front mutations. Due to this, the need of constant evolution and drug research is necessary to overcome the emergence of resistance mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":35617,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis","volume":"29 3","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preface: Artificial Intelligence and the Revolution of Oncological Imaging. 序言：人工智能与肿瘤成像革命。

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.v29.i2.30

Maurizio Cè, Michaela Cellina

引用次数: 0

Convolutional Neural Networks for Glioma Segmentation and Prognosis: A Systematic Review. 卷积神经网络用于胶质瘤分割和预后：系统性综述

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2023050852

Janette Herr, Radka Stoyanova, Eric Albert Mellon

{"title":"Convolutional Neural Networks for Glioma Segmentation and Prognosis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Janette Herr, Radka Stoyanova, Eric Albert Mellon","doi":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2023050852","DOIUrl":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2023050852","url":null,"abstract":"Deep learning (DL) is poised to redefine the way medical images are processed and analyzed. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a specific type of DL architecture, are exceptional for high-throughput processing, allowing for the effective extraction of relevant diagnostic patterns from large volumes of complex visual data. This technology has garnered substantial interest in the field of neuro-oncology as a promising tool to enhance medical imaging throughput and analysis. A multitude of methods harnessing MRI-based CNNs have been proposed for brain tumor segmentation, classification, and prognosis prediction. They are often applied to gliomas, the most common primary brain cancer, to classify subtypes with the goal of guiding therapy decisions. Additionally, the difficulty of repeating brain biopsies to evaluate treatment response in the setting of often confusing imaging findings provides a unique niche for CNNs to help distinguish the treatment response to gliomas. For example, glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of brain cancer, can grow due to poor treatment response, can appear to grow acutely due to treatment-related inflammation as the tumor dies (pseudo-progression), or falsely appear to be regrowing after treatment as a result of brain damage from radiation (radiation necrosis). CNNs are being applied to separate this diagnostic dilemma. This review provides a detailed synthesis of recent DL methods and applications for intratumor segmentation, glioma classification, and prognosis prediction. Furthermore, this review discusses the future direction of MRI-based CNN in the field of neuro-oncology and challenges in model interpretability, data availability, and computation efficiency.","PeriodicalId":35617,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis","volume":"29 3","pages":"33-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuroplasticity: Pathophysiology and Role in Major Depressive Disorder. 神经可塑性：病理生理学及在重度抑郁症中的作用。

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024051197

Sreeharshini Kadiyala, Priyamvada Bhamidipati, Rama Rao Malla

{"title":"Neuroplasticity: Pathophysiology and Role in Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Sreeharshini Kadiyala, Priyamvada Bhamidipati, Rama Rao Malla","doi":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024051197","DOIUrl":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024051197","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroplasticity is characterized by the brain's ability to change its activity in response to extrinsic and intrinsic factors and is thought to be the mechanism behind all brain functions. Neuroplasticity causes structural and functional changes on a molecular level, specifically the growth of different regions in the brain and changes in synaptic and post-synaptic activities. The four types of neuroplasticity are homologous area adaption, compensatory masquerade, cross-modal reassignment, and map expansion. All of these help the brain work around injuries or new information inputs. In addition to baseline physical functions, neuroplasticity is thought to be the basis of emotional and mental regulations and the impairment of it can cause various mental illnesses. Concurrently, these mental illnesses further the damage of synaptic plasticity in the brain. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental illnesses. It is affected by and accelerates the impairment of neuroplasticity. It is characterized by a chronically depressed state of mind that can impact the patient's daily life, including work life and interests. This review will focus on highlighting the physiological aspects of the disease and the role of neuroplasticity in the pathogenesis and pathology of the disorder. Moreover, the role of monoamine regulation and ketamine uptake will be discussed in terms of their antidepressant effects on the outcomes of MDD.","PeriodicalId":35617,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis","volume":"29 4","pages":"19-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141580971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preface. 序言

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.v29.i3.30

Benjamin Bonavida, Stuart Samuels

引用次数: 0

Surgical Management of the Neck in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 口腔鳞状细胞癌的颈部手术治疗。

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2023050817

Olivia Mihulka, Eric Nisenbaum, Elizabeth Nicolli

引用次数: 0

Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Review of Pathology, Diagnosis, and Management. 口腔鳞状细胞癌：病理学、诊断和处理回顾。

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2023050055

Benjamin J Rich, Stuart E Samuels, Gregory A Azzam, Gregory Kubicek, Laura Freedman

{"title":"Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Review of Pathology, Diagnosis, and Management.","authors":"Benjamin J Rich, Stuart E Samuels, Gregory A Azzam, Gregory Kubicek, Laura Freedman","doi":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2023050055","DOIUrl":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2023050055","url":null,"abstract":"Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity presents a significant global health burden, primarily due to risk factors such as tobacco smoking, smokeless tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, and betel quid chewing. Common clinical manifestations of oral cavity cancer include visible lesions and sores, often accompanied by pain in advanced stages. Diagnosis relies on a comprehensive assessment involving detailed history, physical examination, and biopsy. Ancillary imaging studies and functional evaluations aid in accurate staging and facilitate treatment planning. Prognostic information is obtained from histopathological factors, such as tumor grade, depth of invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion. Notably, lymph node metastasis, found in approximately half of the patients, carries significant prognostic implications. Effective management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient outcomes. Surgical resection is the backbone of treatment, aimed at complete tumor removal while preserving functional outcomes. Adjuvant therapies, including radiation and chemotherapy, are tailored according to pathological factors. Further work in risk stratification and treatment is necessary to optimize outcomes in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.","PeriodicalId":35617,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis","volume":"29 3","pages":"5-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disparities in Electronic Cigarette Use: A Narrative Review. 电子烟使用中的差异：叙述性综述。

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024051128

Kyle Edwards, Aysswarya Manoharan, Taghrid Asfar, Samuel Kareff, Gilberto Lopes, Estelamari Rodriguez, Coral Olazagasti

引用次数: 0

Radiomics and Artificial Intelligence in Renal Lesion Assessment. 放射组学和人工智能在肾脏病变评估中的应用

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2023051084

Michaela Cellina, Giovanni Irmici, Gianmarco Della Pepa, Maurizio Ce, Vittoria Chiarpenello, Marco Alì, Sergio Papa, Gianpaolo Carrafiello

引用次数: 0

Polarization of M2 Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer Immunotherapy. 癌症免疫疗法中 M2 肿瘤相关巨噬细胞 (TAM) 的极化。

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024053830

Indy Bui, Benjamin Bonavida

{"title":"Polarization of M2 Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer Immunotherapy.","authors":"Indy Bui, Benjamin Bonavida","doi":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024053830","DOIUrl":"10.1615/CritRevOncog.2024053830","url":null,"abstract":"We have witnessed in the last decade new milestones in the treatment of various resistant cancers with new immunotherapeutic modalities. These advances have resulted in significant objective durable clinical responses in a subset of cancer patients. These findings strongly suggested that immunotherapy should be considered for the treatment of all subsets of cancer patients. Accordingly, the mechanisms underlying resistance to immunotherapy must be explored and develop new means to target these resistant factors. One of the pivotal resistance mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is the high infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that are highly immunosuppressive and responsible, in large part, of cancer immune evasion. Thus, various approaches have been investigated to target the TAMs to restore the anti-tumor immune response. One approach is to polarize the M2 TAMS to the M1 phenotype that participates in the activation of the anti-tumor response. In this review, we discuss the various and differential properties of the M1 and M2 phenotypes, the molecular signaling pathways that participate in the polarization, and various approaches used to target the polarization of the M2 TAMs into the M1 anti-tumor phenotype. These approaches include inhibitors of histone deacetylases, PI3K inhibitors, STAT3 inhibitors, TLR agonists, and metabolic reprogramming. Clearly, due to the distinct features of various cancers and their heterogeneities, a single approach outlined above might only be effective against some cancers and not others. In addition, targeting by itself may not be efficacious unless used in combination with other therapeutic modalities.","PeriodicalId":35617,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis","volume":"29 4","pages":"75-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141580973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0