Soudni Lekarstvi最新文献_第6页

[Methodology of injury compensation and Government Regulation of injury compensation in reflection in the Constitutional Court decision]. [从宪法法院判决书中反映的伤害赔偿方法和政府对伤害赔偿的规制]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Roman Žďárek

引用次数: 0

[Injuries associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation in non-survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (autopsy study)]. [院外心脏骤停后非幸存者心肺复苏相关损伤(尸检研究)]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Lucia Ihnát Rudinská, Petr Hejna, Margita Smatanová, Peter Ihnát, Igor Dvořáček

{"title":"[Injuries associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation in non-survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (autopsy study)].","authors":"Lucia Ihnát Rudinská, Petr Hejna, Margita Smatanová, Peter Ihnát, Igor Dvořáček","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study is to investigate incidence and seriousness of CPR-associated injuries on a cohort of CPR non-survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Moravian-Silesian region. In total, 80 persons were included in the study within the study period (2012 - 2015). CPR-associated injuries were identified in 75 (93.7 %) persons, multiple injuries were found in 73 persons. Spectrum of identified injuries covered skin injuries of the upper half of the body, head and neck injuries, rare abdominal injuries and very frequent thorax injuries. Sternal fractures were found in 53 (63.3 %) persons. Rib fractures were identified in 59 (73.0 %) persons; rib fractures were usually multiple (mean number of broken ribs was 7.6 per person). Intra-thoracic injuries were diagnosed in 33 (41.2 %) persons - findings of lung contusions and lacerations, transmural heart contusions, hemothorax and hemopericard. The vast majority of identified intra-thoracic injuries were considered clinically relevant (provided the fact that return of spontaneous circulation had been achieved). Intraabdominal injuries (liver and spleen injuries) were identified in 15 (18.7 %) of persons. Vast majority of these injuries was clinically irrelevant. We have found clinically serious injuries (spleen rupture and liver dilacerations) in 3 (3.7 %) persons. Outcomes of our study suggest that CPR-associated injuries are very common, usually multiple, and in some cases they might be even potentially lethal (if return of spontaneous circulation is achieved).Key words: cardiopulmonary resuscitation - cardiac arrest - injuries - autopsy study - sternal and rib fractures.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"62 2","pages":"18-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35073929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An autopsy case of death by combined use of benzodiazepines and diphenidine. 苯二氮卓类药物与苯苯苯胺联合使用致死的尸检病例。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Hiroshi Kinoshita, Naoko Tanaka, Ayaka Takakura, Hiroko Abe, Mitsuru Kumihashi, Takayuki Shibayama, Mostofa Jamal, Asuka Ito, Kunihiko Tsutsui, Shoji Kimura, Hirotaro Iwase, Kiyoshi Ameno

引用次数: 0

[Oncology secrets of suddenly deceased individuals]. 【突然死亡个体的肿瘤学秘密】。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Kateřina Stoklásková, Miroslav Ďatko, Eva Daňková, Milan Votava, Karel Schneller, Martin Zeman, Tomáš Vojtíšek, Michal Zelený

{"title":"[Oncology secrets of suddenly deceased individuals].","authors":"Kateřina Stoklásková, Miroslav Ďatko, Eva Daňková, Milan Votava, Karel Schneller, Martin Zeman, Tomáš Vojtíšek, Michal Zelený","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant neoplasms represent the second most common cause of death in men and women in the Czech Republic after cardiovascular diseases. The incidence, prevalence and mortality is recorded in the Czech National Cancer Registry. The most recent data available is from 2013, in this year there were 81 541 patients newly diagnosed with cancer and 26 944 people died of cancer. From a long-term perspective, the incidence of neoplasms is increasing and the mortality is decreasing. In the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Brno there were 480 cases of newly reported malignant tumors during the period 2010-2015, which were not known before the autopsy. 71.4 % of these cases were men and 28.6 % were women. In 212 cases the tumor was advanced and was the immediate cause of death. The total number of deadly cases in men was 149, the age average was 66.2 years. The most common malignant tumor leading to death was of bronchi and lungs (39.6 %), large intestine (9.4 %), pancreas (6.7 %), liver (4.7 %), stomach (4 %) and prostatic gland (4 %). In women the total number of deaths resulting from malignant tumor was 63, the age average was 72.6 years. The most common malignant tumor leading to death was of bronchi and lungs (33.3%), ovary (11.1 %), large intestine (9.5 %), gall bladder (6.3 %) and kidney (6.3 %). Some of the autopsy findings are shown on the photographs at the end of the article.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"62 3","pages":"30-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35374179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Snowball fight - an unusual cause of spleen injury]. [打雪仗-脾脏损伤的一种不寻常的原因]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Jana Bušková, Monika Justýna Poláčková, Zdeněk Pavlovský

{"title":"[Snowball fight - an unusual cause of spleen injury].","authors":"Jana Bušková, Monika Justýna Poláčková, Zdeněk Pavlovský","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Our case describes an innocuous snowball fight arising into a life-threatening condition. Patient with progressive left-sided abdominal pain was brought by ambulance to the hospital. According to history he was not aware of any trauma, just a snowball fight with his wife 5 days ago. Clinical examination finding was: hint of peritoneal irritation, Kehr´s sign and left-subchondrium palpation pain. The spleen trauma suspicion was high. After clinical examination an ultrasound examination was performed, revealing inhomogeneous structure of the spleen surrounded by hypoechoic collection and free fluid in the pelvic area. The patient added information about the possible trauma - it was not an ordinary snowball, but a piece of ice about 40cm. Computed tomography was subsequently performed, with the findings: spleen laceration, intraparenchymal hematoma, subcapsular hematoma and haemoperitoneum. The patient was urgently transferred to the operating room and splenectomy was performed. The intraoperatively findings corresponded to the imaging methods and the amount of blood and clots in the abdominal cavity was approximately 1000ml. The post-operative condition and rehabilitation was uncomplicated and one week after splenectomy the patient was released from hospital, with no subjective difficulties. This case shows spleen susceptibility to injury, even in trauma which can be considered not so severe at the first sight. It is important to correlate clinical and imaging methods findings and check the patient´s condition over a longer period, if necessary.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"62 1","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34773930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Multiple firearm injury caused with a blank pistol]. [用空手枪造成多处火器伤害]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Eva Nevická, Rastislav Rozboril, Boris Ťažký, Ivan Závodný, Martin Zdarílek, Jozef Šidlo

{"title":"[Multiple firearm injury caused with a blank pistol].","authors":"Eva Nevická, Rastislav Rozboril, Boris Ťažký, Ivan Závodný, Martin Zdarílek, Jozef Šidlo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present a case of a complex suicide of a 60-year-old woman found dead on her bed. A blank pistol Umarex caliber 9-mm, several blank cartridges and a lot of drug packages were discovered near the body. The woman suffered from a psychiatric depression. There were three gunshot wounds on the body: in the right temporal region, on the palatum of the mouth and on the left chest wall. The gunshot wounds in the right temporal region and in the mouth had central circle defects with the margins of stellate or star-like appearance and blackening. In the right temporal region the temporal muscle was contused but skull and intracranial tissues were without any injury. On the palatum of the mouth there was neither facial skeleton nor skull injury. The numerous small tears of lips and contusions of buccal mucosa were observed. On the left chest wall there was an abrasion with a bruise on the skin and contusion of thoracic muscles. Neither ribs nor intrathoracic organs were inflicted. At autopsy blood in the amount of 600 ml and a few tablets were found in the stomach as well as an insignificant blood aspiration into lungs. In spite of the fact that all the gunshot wounds were caused by shots fired at contact range they were not lethal. The woman died of lethal intoxication with tramadol and dibenzepin. Although this report differs from the ones published in literature, the authors believe that can contribute to the issue of gunshot wounds caused by gas weapons.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"62 1","pages":"8-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34773886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complex suicide involving pyrethroid ingestion (mosquito coils) and fatal self-wounding by sharp force. 包括摄入拟除虫菊酯(蚊香)和用利器自伤致死的复杂自杀。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Maria -Valeria Karakasi, Pavlos Pavlidis, Epameinondas Vasilikos, Doxakis Anestakis, Nikolaos Raikos

引用次数: 0

[Parallel investigations of blood and alveolar air in the diagnosis of lethal carbon monoxide poisoning]. [血液和肺泡空气在致命一氧化碳中毒诊断中的平行研究]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Miroslav Bauer, Jiřina Bauerová, Peter Očko, Jozef Šidlo

{"title":"[Parallel investigations of blood and alveolar air in the diagnosis of lethal carbon monoxide poisoning].","authors":"Miroslav Bauer, Jiřina Bauerová, Peter Očko, Jozef Šidlo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon monoxide poisonings are the most frequent among fatal gas and volatile substances intoxications. The authors present diagnostic options of fatal carbon monoxide poisoning by parallel blood investigations for the content of karbonylhaemoglobin and determining of the concentration of carbon monoxide in the alveolar air. The analysis of 160 cases of lethal poisonings with carbon monoxide over a period of 20 years was carried out. The cases were divided into subgroups according to the place of death to poisonings in flats, garages, bathrooms, in fires, road traffic accidents and mining accidents. Tabular cases were divided into poisonings with a dominant share of carbon monoxide; the lethal concentration (0.075 % volume percentage or more) in the alveolar air was found in 75 % of cases. By pairs of victims different concentrations of carbon monoxide in the alveolar air were found. It confirms the fact that the course of intoxication and time of death also depends on the state of health of an individual. In 25 % of cases composite action with other toxic substances and factors (cyanide ions, ethanol, carbon dioxide, smoke inhalation solids, burns etc.) was detected. The obtained results point to an important and irreplaceable role of the toxicological - chemical analysis of the alveolar air in the context of additional laboratory investigations at autopsy in the diagnosis of fatal carbon monoxide poisoning. Investigation of the alveolar air should be the standard methodological procedure in the diagnosis of fatal poisonings by gases and volatile substances.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"62 3","pages":"33-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35532722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Addictive substances in fatal cases of fall/jump from height]. [从高处坠落/跳跃致死案例中的成瘾物质]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Martin Zdarílek, Peter Očko, Ján Šikuta, Ľuboš Nižnanský, Jozef Šidlo

{"title":"[Addictive substances in fatal cases of fall/jump from height].","authors":"Martin Zdarílek, Peter Očko, Ján Šikuta, Ľuboš Nižnanský, Jozef Šidlo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to analyse causes of fatal cases of falls from height focusing on the occurrence of addictive substances. The authors performed a retrospective analysis of cases dealing with falls/jumps autopsied at the Institutes of Forensic Medicine in Bratislava in the years 2005-2014 accounting for a catchment area with approximately 1.2 m population. Selection criteria were met in 360 cases, i.e. approximately 4 % of all cases autopsied. There were 68 % of men and 32 % of women involved. The age interval ranged from 10 up to 93 years (mean age 50 years). Addictive substances were found in a total of 32 % of cases, ethanol alone in 22 % of cases. The cases were divided into groups according to the cause as follows: accidental falls (24%) also involving occupational accidents (11 %), jumps in suicidal ideation (63 %) and cases with the unspecified cause of falling (13 %). Most of the cases with detected addictive substances were in the group of suicidal jumps (35 %). In this group, 32 % of patients were treated for psychiatric disorders. The most common diagnosis was a depressive disorder and schizophrenia. In the group of occupational accidents, ethanol was found in 25 % of cases. The results of the study show that it is essential to pay more attention to psychiatric patients as not even regular psychiatric care and treatment can always prevent suicide. Accordingly, there is a need to strictly monitor the ban on alcohol consumption at work and the observance of safety regulations for working at heights, and thus to minimise the occurrence of falls with fatal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"62 2","pages":"14-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35073928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Double homicide with a damning bite mark on the offender´s body - case report]. [两起杀人案，罪犯身上有致命的咬痕-案件报告]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Markéta Kulvajtová, Jiří Hladík, Lucie Zemančíková

{"title":"[Double homicide with a damning bite mark on the offender´s body - case report].","authors":"Markéta Kulvajtová, Jiří Hladík, Lucie Zemančíková","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The authors deal with a case of a double homicide, the parental murder made by their older son, which was committed by a combination of stabbing and cutting wounds. The perpetra-tor tried to hide the bodies, so he doused them with gasoline and set fire to them on a lonely forest road. Then he ran over the remains by his car. The cause of death was in both cases open wound of the neck - autopsy findings of the woman´s body testified for a blood aspi-ration, on the man´s body it was not clear for a partial charring, so the possibilities were blood aspiration, air embolism or external bleeding with haemorrhagic shock. There were also many other injuries on the bodies, especially of the post-mortem origin. During the combat, one of the victims - the mother - bit the assailant´s left forearm. So a few days after creation the injury on murderer´s left upper extremity, the police technicians took photos and during the forensic autopsies of both bodies, authors created the impressions of the teeth. The utilities were loaned from Department of Stomatology of University Hospital Královské Vinohrady in Prague and they were designed for the general adult population. The work was more difficult for the state of mortal remains, which were damaged by combination of fire and blunt violence. However finally the impressions of each arch were made, and they were given to the experts from Institute of Criminalistic Prague, who compared them with pictures of the bite mark. The results of this analysis were used in a court as evidence against the perpetrator.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"62 1","pages":"2-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34773928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0