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The need to update reference values for organ weights in the adult population: a review and future directions. 更新成人器官重量参考值的必要性：回顾与未来方向。
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Filip Babiak, Katarína Hanzelyová, Ján Bajaj, Martin Janík, Ubomír Straka
{"title":"The need to update reference values for organ weights in the adult population: a review and future directions.","authors":"Filip Babiak, Katarína Hanzelyová, Ján Bajaj, Martin Janík, Ubomír Straka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review article highlights the crucial role of organ weights and dimensions as key indicators in forensic diagnosis. Organ weight changes serve as valuable markers for pathological conditions, aiding forensic doctors in interpreting autopsy findings. The review emphasizes the importance of precision in establish- ing organ reference values, considering factors like population-specific norms and correlations with body parameters. Furthermore, it explores the impact of obesity on organ weights, emphasizing the need for updated databases that accurately reflect diverse populations. The article underscores the inadequacy of relying on outdated sources and advocates for creating a comprehensive and updated database of organ weights and dimensions for the local population, essential for accurate forensic interpretations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Avalanche fatalities in Czech Republic: a 23-years retrospective study. 捷克共和国雪崩死亡事故：23 年回顾性研究。
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Štěpánka Pohlová Kučerová, Lukáš Hamerlik, Dalibor Kovařík, Michaela Valdová, Adriana Gavronová, Lucia Ihnát Rudinská, Andrea Vlčková, Petr Hejna
{"title":"Avalanche fatalities in Czech Republic: a 23-years retrospective study.","authors":"Štěpánka Pohlová Kučerová, Lukáš Hamerlik, Dalibor Kovařík, Michaela Valdová, Adriana Gavronová, Lucia Ihnát Rudinská, Andrea Vlčková, Petr Hejna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avalanche fatalities are quite rare in the Czech Republic. Due to the presence of avalanche fields in the two Czech mountains, forensic pathologists at some forensic medicine departments may encounter this specific mechanism of accidental death. The authors summarize medicolegal aspects of deaths in avalanches in the territory of the Czech Republic for the twenty-three-year period between 1993-2015. Ten avalanche fatalities were recorded during study period. The studied group consisted of nine male and one female victims. The average age of the deceased was 27.9 years. Skiers or ski-alpinists died in the avalanche in five cases (50%), climbers in two cases (20%), snowboarders in one case (10%), cross-country skiers in one case (10%) and in one case it was a fatality of child playing on a snowy hill (10%). The cause of death was suffocation in four cases (40%), blunt trauma in four cases (40%), and in the remaining two cases it was the survival of trapped persons several hours after being rescued from the avalanche in the hospital; both victims subsequently died as a result of prolonged shock (20%) due to a combination of prolonged suffocation and hypothermia. The time interval from the fall of the avalanche to the rescue of the trapped person was in the range of minutes to 3 hours. The presence of alcohol or drugs was not detected in any studied case.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Positional asphyxia: accidental death due to head-down position in a badger sett. 体位性窒息：在獾栖息地因头朝下体位而意外死亡。
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Alžbeta Ginelliová, Daniel Farkaš, Silvia Farkašová Iannaccone
{"title":"Positional asphyxia: accidental death due to head-down position in a badger sett.","authors":"Alžbeta Ginelliová, Daniel Farkaš, Silvia Farkašová Iannaccone","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Death from positional asphyxia occurs when the victim is found in a position that interferes with adequate breathing. We present an unusual case of a 67-yearold man who was found deceased trapped in a badger sett. The autopsy revealed marked congestion, cyanosis and a multitude of pinpoint hemorrhages in the face, neck and upper chest. Confluent scleral and conjunctival hemorrhage were observed and numerous petechial bleedings were found in the oral mucosa and within the reflected scalp. Death was attributed to positional asphyxia due to head-down position in a badger sett.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sudden death after a mountain bike race. 山地自行车赛后猝死
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Michal Kováč, Boris Ťažký, Štefan Krnáč, Lukáš Hamerlik, Jozef Šidlo
{"title":"Sudden death after a mountain bike race.","authors":"Michal Kováč, Boris Ťažký, Štefan Krnáč, Lukáš Hamerlik, Jozef Šidlo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Presented case study deals with the sudden death of a 47 years old male, shortly after a mountain bike race after reported nausea and chest pain followed by loss of consciousness and resuscitation. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was unsuccessful. An autopsy was enacted due to the sudden death in a seemingly healthy person. An acute infarction of the anterior cardiac wall on the basis of stenosis of the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery with histopathological findings of eosinophilic coronary periarteritis was assessed. Sudden death during sport activities represents a complex problem which forensic physicians have to face. An external and internal examination of the body is not always sufficient. It is crucial for the forensic physician to have sufficient knowledge and enough information about the circumstances of the death and anamnestic records. Eosinophilic coronary periarteritis occurs rarely, predominantly in males and with uncertain etiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fatal injury of a skier during school training - case report. 一名滑雪者在学校训练期间的致命伤--病例报告。
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Lukáš Hamerlik, Marek Vitovják, Michal Kováč, Jozef Šidlo
{"title":"Fatal injury of a skier during school training - case report.","authors":"Lukáš Hamerlik, Marek Vitovják, Michal Kováč, Jozef Šidlo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors present the case of a fatal accident of a 16-year-old skier who crashed into a tree during a downhill skiing lesson at school. Although the skier was wearing a protective helmet at the time of the accident and his condition did not appear to be too serious immediately after the accident, he later died in hospital as a result of a craniocerebral injury with cerebral contusion and intracranial haemorrhage. His life could not be saved even by immediate neurosurgery, during which fragments of the broken protective helmet were removed from his cranial cavity. By analysing the international literature, the authors identify head and brain injuries as the most common immediate cause of death in downhill skiing and provide insights into the possibilities of preventing these injuries by simple technical means on the part of ski area operators. These means are in particular protective covers for lift columns and protective nets placed in front of fixed, non-movable obstacles on the track.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The utility of sternum in creating a biological profile: A review and future directions. 胸骨在建立生物特征方面的作用：回顾与未来方向
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Katarína Hanzelyová, Filip Babiak, Ján Bajaj, Martin Janík, Ubomír Straka
{"title":"The utility of sternum in creating a biological profile: A review and future directions.","authors":"Katarína Hanzelyová, Filip Babiak, Ján Bajaj, Martin Janík, Ubomír Straka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review delves into the forensic utility of the sternum in creating a biological profile, focusing on sex, stature, and age estimation. Emphasizing the sternum's significance in challenging scenarios, the study supports the combined length of the manubrium and sternal body as a crucial indicator in sex and stature estimation. However, it highlights the need for caution in applying findings across diverse populations and questions the reliability of Hyrtl's law. Age estimation, primarily based on morphological changes and ossification ages, is explored, with one study showing promise but requiring further validation. While acknowledging the sternum's advantages, the review underscores potential limitations and the absence of specific studies on ancestry estimation, leaving this aspect open for future research. In conclusion, the review provides a comprehensive overview of the sternum's forensic applications, urging continued research to enhance accuracy and applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suicides in the Region of Northern Slovakia: A Retrospective, Single-centre Autopsy Observational Study over a 10-year Period. 斯洛伐克北部地区的自杀事件：一项为期10年的回顾性单中心尸检观察研究。
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01
Ivana Kumičíková, Michaela Šupejová, Veronika Rybárová, Ubomír Straka, Martin Janík, Jozef Krajčovič
{"title":"Suicides in the Region of Northern Slovakia: A Retrospective, Single-centre Autopsy Observational Study over a 10-year Period.","authors":"Ivana Kumičíková,&nbsp;Michaela Šupejová,&nbsp;Veronika Rybárová,&nbsp;Ubomír Straka,&nbsp;Martin Janík,&nbsp;Jozef Krajčovič","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suicidal behavior is multifaceted and encompasses various factors. Among these, alcohol dependence and acute alcohol intoxication stand out as significant risk factors for suicide. The retrospective study aimed to record the development of suicide, also in connection with alcohol consumption, in the catchment area of the Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathological Anatomy of the Health Care Surveillance Authority in Martin, Slovak Republic, in the years 2009-2019.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41146341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suicide or not? Issues in the demonstration of anaphylaxis, a review of the literature. 自杀与否？过敏反应表现中的问题，文献综述。
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01
Veronika Králíková, Adriana Gavronová, Lukáš Hamerlik, Václav Svrchokryl, Marek Vitovják, Hajin Kim, Veronika Šidová, Jana Bednaříková, Martin Dobiáš
{"title":"Suicide or not? Issues in the demonstration of anaphylaxis, a review of the literature.","authors":"Veronika Králíková,&nbsp;Adriana Gavronová,&nbsp;Lukáš Hamerlik,&nbsp;Václav Svrchokryl,&nbsp;Marek Vitovják,&nbsp;Hajin Kim,&nbsp;Veronika Šidová,&nbsp;Jana Bednaříková,&nbsp;Martin Dobiáš","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors review the literature on the determination of post-mortem serum tryptase values and present the case of a young man who was hit by a train. However, his family believes he has no motivation to commit suicide. Collision with a train is one of the most common methods of suicide, especially among young men under 40 years of age. (1). The forensic autopsy showed that the man died due to the collision with the train, with traumatic hemorrhagic shock stated as a cause of death. Following toxicological, biochemical, and immunological tests created a supposition that the incident was not a result of suicidal action but a consequence of a possible allergic or anaphylactic reaction of the organism combined with a state of mild alcohol intoxication.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41141210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Standard autopsy and diagnostic procedure in forensic departments in cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in individuals under 40 years of age. 40岁以下心脏性猝死(SCD)病例中法医部门的标准尸检和诊断程序。
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01
Martin Zeman, Štěpánka Pohlová Kučerová, Tomáš Vojtíšek, Petr Hejna
{"title":"Standard autopsy and diagnostic procedure in forensic departments in cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in individuals under 40 years of age.","authors":"Martin Zeman, Štěpánka Pohlová Kučerová, Tomáš Vojtíšek, Petr Hejna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in individuals younger than 40 years has a heritable cause in a significant part of the cases. Identification of SCD, post mortem genetic analysis, and the cardiological screening examination in victim´s relatives represent an important diagnostic tool for the primary prevention of cardiac arrest. Based on global and European recommendations, cases of sudden cardiac death in individuals under the age of 40 with negative or ambiguous autopsy findings, or findings suspicious for hereditary cardiovascular disease, should be investigated using molecular genetic methods. Based on European guidelines, the Czech Society of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Toxicology has developed its own recommended procedure, which summarizes the identification of these cases, the optimal autopsy procedure, including the collection of material, and a summary of other necessary actions for performing a post mortem genetic examination in a person who has died suddenly. Complex examination of these cases requires multicentric and multidisciplinary collaboration.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9424779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pulmonary fat embolism after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 心肺复苏后的肺脂肪栓塞。
Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01
Lucia Ihnát Rudinská, Patricie Delongová, Jana Vaculová, Peter Ihnát
{"title":"Pulmonary fat embolism after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.","authors":"Lucia Ihnát Rudinská,&nbsp;Patricie Delongová,&nbsp;Jana Vaculová,&nbsp;Peter Ihnát","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary fat embolism (PFE) is usually observed in patients with long bone fractures, patients with extensive subcutaneous fat contusions or skin burns. Chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) present powerful repetitive violence against victim's chest. Skeletal chest fractures are the most frequent complication of CPR, and probably the most important cause of PFE autopsy finding in persons, which have been resuscitated before death. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the prevalence and seriousness of PFE in non-survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. During autopsy, PFE can be diagnosed in 30 - 42 % of persons after unsuccessful CPR; skeletal chest fractures are associated with significantly higher prevalence of PFE. After successful CPR, fat embolism may contribute significantly to acute respiratory distress syndrome, or multiorgan failure. The issue of CPR associated injuries has two medical aspects - clinical and forensic. From clinical point of view, the presence of CPR associated injuries must be acknowledged when offering healthcare to patients after successful CPR. During autopsy, CPR associated injuries should be diagnosed and evaluated as these injuries may contribute to death or may be potentially lethal.</p>","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41168584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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