Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics最新文献

{"title":"Practice and Challenges of Concerned Stakeholders’ Coordination to Implement Integrated Functional Adult Literacy Program: The Case of Bale Zone of Oromia Regional State","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/jlll/75-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/75-04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114653755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focus Marking in Amharic: Types and Coding Devices","authors":"Mosisa Asegid","doi":"10.7176/jlll/75-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/75-01","url":null,"abstract":"The term focus, like many of the jargons in the field of linguistics, has a number of uses. Pragmatically, however, it serves to provide a highlight on the relatively salient information in the given sentence. That is, in an utterance, focus, is used to highlight a specific constituent so as to make it noteworthy from the neighboring constituents. This highlight on the specific constituent is applied in order to emphasize on a piece of information inside that constituent, to contrast one piece of information with another, to introduce new information, to reinstate a presupposed information but dropped, to shift the listener’s attention to another information, or topic. These different functions of focus can also be found in Amharic. Like their functions, they are also encoded in various ways. Thus, these different functions of focus and the ways in which they are encoded in Amharic are the core issues that are dealt within this paper.","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133788392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Task-Based Language Teaching on Developing Students’ Oral English Achievement: With Reference to Damot Preparatory School Grade Eleven Students","authors":"Mohammed Seid Kebede, Mekidela Amba","doi":"10.7176/jlll/75-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/75-03","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of task based language teaching in developing oral English achievement of Demot Higher Education and preparatory School grade 11students. To achieve this objective ,a task-based language teaching program was prepared based on grade 11 English textbook. An oral achievement test with an assessment rubric was administered. Two independent groups of Damot preparatory school students were selected by purposive sampling for experimentation. One class representing the experimental group learned through the task-based language teaching while the other one class representing the control group learned the same part following the traditional/ regular teaching methodology. Oral performance test was used as an instrument. Data were analyzed using SPSS using independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. Results revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental and control subjects on their oral English achievement in favor of the experimental group. Results also showed statistically significant difference between mean scores of experimental group subjects in the paired sample t-test of their pre-post test scores of oral English achievement in favor of the post test. These results support that using task-based language teaching is effective in developing students’ oral achievement and build self-confidence.","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133871915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mandative, Adverbial Subjunctive Complementizer Phrases and Argument Structure: A Contrastive Study Between Arabic and English","authors":"May Al-Shaikhli, A. Jalabneh","doi":"10.7176/jlll/75-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/75-06","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is to differentiate between mandative complementizer phrases from adverbial subjunctive complementizer phrases whether they constitute argument structures to verbs or not in Arabic and English. As both phrases are initiated by complementizers, theoretically, the issue becomes a problem to decide whether every phrase initiated by a complementizer constitutes an argument structure or not though the complementizers might be deleted at LF in both languages. Thus, the researchers refer to Chomsky’s (1981-1995) minimalist views to help us draw a clear distinction between them for better semantic interpretations at LF. The results illustrate that there are certain similarities and differences between the two languages; for instance, Arabic has mandative phrases that constitute argument structures but do not permit the complementizer ?an ‘that’ and the subjunctive marker [a] to be omitted at LF; likewise, English has mandative phrases that constitute arguments, but they permit the complementizer ‘that’ to be omitted at LF. Arabic has a unique independent adverbial subjunctive phrase initiated by ?anla ‘not that’, but it does not constitute an argument structure to any verb; however, English does not have this type of phrase. Arabic also has dependent adverbial subjunctive phrases initiated by the adjuncts (i) ?idh ‘then’, (ii) likai ‘in order to’, (iii) hatta ‘until’, li ‘to’ and li ‘let’; they must be followed by the complementizer ?an ‘that’; but, they do not form internal arguments to verbs. Arabic has a dependent complementizer phrase in the indicative initiated by ?ida ‘if’ which constitutes an argument and bears a theta role. Similarly, English has a dependent adverbial complementizer phrase initiated by the complementizer ‘whether’ / or ‘if’; it constitutes an argument to a verb in the matrix clause, but it is always in the indicative form. Finally, though theoretically ϴ - roles do not have [+ interpretable] power at LF, they must be assigned to arguments at spell-out to produce grammatical sentences at LF in both languages.","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132519291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Challenge of the New Feminist Generation in Saudi Arabia","authors":"D. Ibrahim, Abdel Latif Shalabi","doi":"10.7176/jlll/74-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/74-02","url":null,"abstract":"Several researchers in the past studied the challenges and opportunities feminism can bring forward by making this topic the centre of attention and verbalizing more about it. The religion of Islam has not in any way regarded women to be superior than men but feminism does not demand or talk about superiority. It is based on asking for equal rights that women deserve in terms of education, employment, socialism, decision making, driving, wearing clothes, putting on make-up, achieving higher posts in life and such. Qualitative research method is used in this study which includes the collection of data from secondary sources. The inductive approach is used which includes studies and some observations made in the past years. The results of this study indicate that the new feminist generation in Saudi Arabia is more focused and dedicated in breaking the glass ceilings from their lives and demanding those ethical opportunities that can help females become what they wanted to be and earn a source of livelihood enough to support their own independent lives. Women who are stronger and capable do not need the assistance of a man that only comes in their life to impose restrictions after marriage and stops them from earning finances or reaching optimum heights. Islam is a beautiful religion which states to treat women with respect and dignity, not to cut their wings and make them kill their dreams in the name of religion, which does not support cruelty in any way on the part of females.","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124656752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Electronic ESP Book for Information Systems Students","authors":"Zurriat Nyndia Rahmawati, Urnika Mudhifatul Jannah","doi":"10.7176/jlll/74-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/74-03","url":null,"abstract":"The research is financed by Ministry of Education and Culture, Indonesia Abstract English for Specific Purpose (ESP) course provides English skills and knowledge based on the students’ major. The topics in ESP course are specific and developed in specially-designed learning materials. This research aimed to develop electronic book for ESP course in Information Systems department with Research and Development method by ADDIE model, that stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The e-book was designed based on the data collected in needs analysis through questionnaire, interview, and document analysis. The data showed that the currently used ESP learning materials needed to be replaced with more suitable learning materials. Based on that, the e-book was designed to comprise the recent topics in Information Systems. The e-book was divided into five chapters and the materials were presented through activities that were designed to develop students’ English skills. The temporary e-book was then validated by experts and tested in the try-out with the students’ representative. The e-book obtained positive feedback and was revised based on the suggestion given. The result showed that the e-book is in a good quality and feasible to be used in ESP course.","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114282705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of the Graduation Resources Used by the Defense Lawyers in Chinese and American Courts——A Case Study of the Wang Chengzhong Case and the Stump Case","authors":"Songman Liang, Shaomin Zhang","doi":"10.7176/jlll/74-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/74-01","url":null,"abstract":"Based on one of the subsystems of the appraisal system—the graduation system, this article analyzes the utterances of the defense lawyers in the Stump case and the Wang Chengzhong case to compare the similarities and differences of the graduation resources by the defense lawyers on both cases, to reveal the reasons behind them, and to explore what role these graduation resources play in court defense discourse. The study found that the overall trends of the graduation resources used by the defense lawyers in the Stump case and the Wang Chengzhong case are similar. Both parties prefer to use force resources while use focus resources less frequently. This is mainly related to the effects of different kinds of graduation resources and the responsibilities of defense lawyers. In focus resources, in Wang Chengzhong case, the proportion of sharpening resources is significantly higher than that of softening resources, while in Stump case, the proportion of softening resources is higher than that of sharpening resources. This may be related to the differences of eastern and western thinking pattern and the nature of these two different cases.","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116078480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Language Policy in Nation-Building in Pakistan","authors":"Hajra Y. Pardesi","doi":"10.7176/jlll/74-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/74-04","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the analysis of the relation between language policy formation and nation-identity development process in context of Pakistan. Language is not only an instrument of communication, but it is also central element of culture, resultantly reaffirming the cultural differences in contrast to other cultures. After independence, a shared common language is often used by nations as symbolic marker in order to integrate their diverse population into a single unified nation. Language become a central factor in the process of nationalism or nation-building and to culture in general, results into politicization of language policy and planning process. This paper analyzed the language policy documents of last 20 years and highlighted that in Pakistan LPP, particularly status planning, decisions are largely influenced by power politics in the country. This paper argue that the issue of language cannot be detached from the political issue of the country. Pakistan is a home to a vast number of ethnic communities, who speaks different languages. Pakistan’s recognition of Urdu as national language results in given privileged status to the people who identify themselves with this language. The ruling elite enjoy the privileged status of English and Urdu language in various power domains whereas the languages of minority powerless groups are marginalized from the domains of literacy, administration, education and power. The monolingual conception of national identity has largely alienated the under-represented or powerless languages which put their native speakers at grave disadvantage. This paper proposed that language policy makers must incorporates all the indigenous language on stage in context of nation-identity development with an ideology that all language are equal linguistically or socially. Every individual has right to use and promote their mother tongue and education being basic right of every individual it should be given in one’s own mother tongue.","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128252106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"English Language Teaching Strategies to Cope with the Barriers of ExtraLinguistic Factors for L2 Learners: A Qualitative Study in the Context of Public Sector Colleges Hyderabad, Sindh","authors":"S. Bhatti","doi":"10.7176/jlll/74-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/74-05","url":null,"abstract":"The English teaching and learning is an increased demand of today’s society. The English language students in public sector colleges faced difficulties to learn English whether as a foreign or second language. There are various extralinguistic factors that prevent students from reaching the goal of learning English. This research aims to probe those barriers connected with extralinguistic factors and find out some effective teaching strategies to cope with that issue at Government boys and girls’colleges of Heerabad, Hyderabad Sindh. The qualitative reseach method was used in the study. The research instrument was semi-structured interviews for data collection.The participants of the study were 14 male and female students (m, n=7 & f, n=7) and 6 male and female English teachers (m, n=2 & f, n=4) of the two public sector colleges of Hyderabad. The findings revealed that both male and female students used strategies in similarities and differences of results, where ‘memory’ and ‘social’ strategies that utilized by almost ‘students’ but more male students used social strategies than female students. The results also showed that teachers find out the implemented teaching strategies that were maximize learning opportunities, facilitate negotiated interaction were applicable and benficial and understand that social language learning strategies could be helpful for learning English. This study is significant as it could be helpful for several ‘stakeholder’ including instructors, policy makers, learners, teachers to comprehend the convolution involving L2 learning along with get aware to that strategies for coping the barriers.","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131767798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic Features Among the Non-academic: A Case of Chinese Argumentative Texts as Compared to BaREnLoB","authors":"Z. Xin, Shaoyun Long","doi":"10.7176/jlll/71-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jlll/71-02","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with different degrees of academic corpora(RC): BaREnLoB, this study conducted a CIA analysis to find out whether the usage features owned by Chinese English majors in their argumentative texts in WECCL2.0 (the observation corpus,OC henceforth) can demonstrate different academic features except for non academic ones. Results show some academic features among the non-academic(i.e.almost the same strong narrative features, and insufficient epistemic comments, rare depiction and classification of particular things, i.e. similar to previous findings). It shows: (i) NN2 (mostly followed by should ) and we (the usual form to refer to the author himself /herself or the research group themselves) are usually incorporated as subjects; (ii) The standard frequency (PMW) of the top 20 verbs(including be, have, find, know, become, see, etc.) and all the 55 pointed common stative ones(Zhang Z.B, 2003) between OC and RC differ much although the standard frequency(PMW) of stative verbs among the 20 top between differs slightly. (iii) the occurrences of “ they/he/she + modal verbs” in OC are many times more than those in RC, even “we/you/I + modal verbs” between show the nonnatives employ much less than the natives. (iv) there are 4 out of 19 carefully-picked abstract nouns before modal verbs are in OC while none in RC. In short, this research finds that the English argumentative writings by Chinese English majors display some academic features as mirrored by the reference corpus except for some non-academic features as we found before. Finally, some implications for the teaching and research of modal verbs are discussed. Keywords: deontic and epistemic modality, academic feature among non academic, Chinese argumentative texts DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/71-02 Publication date: August 31 st 2020","PeriodicalId":355193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127205022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}