NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY最新文献

{"title":"Impact of quadruple eradication therapy on the elements of the Sydney system in chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis in Abidjan (Ivory Coast)","authors":"D. Stanislas, C. Assi, Hamidine Illa, Antonin Ndjitoyap Ndam, B. Demba, N. Luc, A. Alain","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_5_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_5_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The effect of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on the course of chronic gastritis (CG) is controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of H. pylori eradication treatment on CG. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective (January 2016 to December 2018) multicenter study. All medical records of patients treated with a quadruple therapy to eradicate H. pylori who were confirmed with histology at least 4 weeks after the end of treatment were included. The evolution of the CG ratings after treatment was analyzed. Results: The records of 170 patients (male/female ratio 0.95, average age 49.3 ± 12.2 years) were included. Respectively, inflammation and H. pylori levels decreased (P < 0.001) in antrum (2.09 to 1.45; 1.95 to 0.63) and fundus (1.82 to 1.27; 1.76 to 0.55). Gastric atrophy levels regressed in antrum (0.28 to 0.18; P = 0.0655) and fundus (0.19 to 0.09; P = 0.0096) on sequential quadruple therapy (0.42 to 0.26; P = 0.2384), with bismuth (0.27 to 0.1l8; P = 0.6232) or with concomitant therapy for 14 days (0.20 to 0.13; P = 0.1288). Gastric intestinal metaplasia progressed in the antrum (0.05 to 0.06; P = 0.5930) and the fundus (0.02 to 0.03; P = 0.2568); in sequential quadruple therapy (0.04 to 0.07; P = 0.3173) and in bismuth therapy groups (0.04 to 0.09; P = 0.5637) even after eradication of H. pylori (0.03 to 0.09; P = 0.0455). Conclusions: The eradication treatment for H. pylori improved elements of the Sydney CG system except for intestinal metaplasia.","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"21 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130802637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accidental ingestion of a denture in a Nigerian man: A case report","authors":"Daniel Ezuduemoih, E. Odeghe, O. Adeniyi, G. Oyeleke","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_7_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_7_21","url":null,"abstract":"The tooth contributes to the esthetic appearance of the face. As a result of tooth loss from caries and periodontal diseases, there is an increase in the number of people wearing dentures, and thus a proportionate increase in the incidence of foreign body in the esophagus. We report the case of a 49-year-old man who presented to the Endoscopy suite at our institution with a 6-week history of severe retrosternal pain, dysphagia, and odynophagia after inadvertently swallowing his old denture. At gastroscopy, the denture was seen to be impacted in the esophagus at about 25 cm from the incisor. When managing patients with chest pain, dysphagia, and odynophagia, a high index of suspicion for foreign body ingestion is needed, even with prolonged symptoms. Obtaining a history of use of dentures, and duration, is important, and a thorough examination of the oral cavity and dentition is essential.","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127971669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas in female Nigerians: A report of two cases","authors":"O. Balogun, O. Atoyebi","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_8_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_8_21","url":null,"abstract":"Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SPT) is a rare subtype of pancreatic tumor with a prevalence of 0.13%–2.7%. Most SPTs occur in young females and are slow-growing. The tail of the pancreas is mostly affected. Clinical features are nonspecific. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) is invaluable in the preoperative diagnosis of SPT. Prognosis is good with complete surgical resection.","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124367825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An audit of evolving colonoscopy practice in two tertiary hospitals in South-East Nigeria","authors":"C. Ekwunife, C. Osuagwu, S. Enendu, Chigozirim Onyekpere, C. Ekwunife","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_12_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_12_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Colonoscopy is quite essential in the management of gastrointestinal pathologies. Its practice in most developing countries is suboptimal. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the common indications and findings at colonoscopy in a patient population in South-eastern Nigeria, as well as to assess the documentation of quality indicators of colonoscopy service. Materials and Methods: The endoscopy records of patients who underwent colonoscopy at two tertiary institutions (Federal Medical Centre, Owerri and Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Orlu) from January 2014 to December 2016 were reviewed. Information on patient demographics, colonoscopy indications, colonoscopy findings, and polyp detection were sought for. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 21. Results: Two hundred and nineteen patients had colonoscopy within the period. Age range of the patients was 16 to 94 years (mean age: 55 ± 14.8 years). The most common indications for colonoscopy were bleeding per rectum 100 (45.7%) and change in bowel habit 36 (16.4%). Tumors in the colon/rectum were seen in 44 (19.9%) patients and polyp detection rate was 10.9% (n = 24). Records were not comprehensively kept. Conclusion: The high percentage of findings of tumors in patients undergoing colonoscopy in our population suggests that this service should have an expanded coverage to enable earlier diagnosis of colorectal malignancies. A better endoscopy record and data management will also be helpful.","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"688 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115834681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for colorectal cancer in Nigeria: A survey of gastroenterology practitioners","authors":"U. Okonkwo, C. Onyekwere","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_22_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_22_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common in Africa including Nigeria contrary to popular opinion. Screening for CRC is cost-effective and reduces morbidity and mortality. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the practice of CRC screening among gastroenterology practitioners in Nigeria. Methods: This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among gastroenterology practitioners attending their annual conference in 2016. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 65 respondents completed the questionnaire. The mean age was 37.68 years. Majority (95%) of the respondents practised in tertiary hospitals. Screening for CRC was practised by 54% of the respondents, with colonoscopy and guaiac fecal occult blood test being the preferred screening modalities. Indications for screening were mostly symptom based with varied protocols and outcomes. Conclusion: The practice of CRC screening among gastroenterology practitioners in Nigeria is variable. There is a need to formulate national guidelines and colonoscopy quality control tools to improve awareness and standardize practice.","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129396541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver","authors":"M. Mashor, H. Shehu, Olufunmilayo Abobarin, M. Shehu, O. Mosugu","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_2_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_2_21","url":null,"abstract":"A case report of a 7-year-old girl who presented with a 4-year history of painless progressive abdominal swelling that became painful 2 weeks before presentation. Examination revealed a girl in painful distress with distended abdomen and a tender palpable firm right upper quadrant abdominal mass measuring 28 cm × 22 cm with well-defined borders. Abdominal ultrasound scan showed a cystic liver mass filling the abdomen which was multilocular. Liver function tests show mildly elevated liver enzymes and mild prolongation of the prothrombin time. She had repeated aspiration of the cyst content in various peripheral hospitals with transient relief of symptoms. She thereafter had abdominal exploration through a right upper transverse incision and was found to have a cystic mass involving segments V, VI, and VII of the right lobe of the liver measuring 30 cm × 26 cm. Marsupialization of the cyst was done and an incisional biopsy of the cyst wall was taken. Histology of the cyst wall showed a mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver (MHL). The aim of this study is to highlight the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and differential diagnosis of MHL","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130748163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Fibroscan with Liver biopsy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients for assessing fibrosis","authors":"Ganraj Bhat, S. Likitha, R. Krishnappa, G. Agarwal, R. Kiran, T. Nagesh Kumar","doi":"10.4103/NJGH.NJGH_9_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJGH.NJGH_9_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in India varies from 9 to 35%. NAFLD is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Liver biopsy, which is the gold standard for diagnosing NAFLD is an invasive procedure with potential adverse effects and large inter- and intra-observer variability. Hence, various noninvasive markers are being explored to assist in the diagnosis of NAFLD. Fibroscan measures liver stiffness through estimation of the velocity of propagation of a shear wave through liver tissue. Very few studies have addressed the accuracy of fibroscan versus liver biopsy. Objectives: To grade liver fibrosis in the patients and compare fibrosis score by fibroscan with that of liver biopsy in NAFLD. Materials and Methods: An observational study of 72 subjects who had presented with fatty liver on ultrasound and further subjected to fibroscan at the outpatient department of gastroenterology and have undergone liver biopsy (gold standard) for confirmation in the Department of Pathology, Ramaiah Medical College. The study was done from January 2017 to December 2018. After routine processing, liver biopsies were categorized into four subgroups depending on the fibrosis score such as F1 (perivenular fibrosis), F2 (periportal fibrosis), F3 (bridging fibrosis), and F4 (cirrhosis) and was compared with fibroscan scoring, which was based on the degree of fibrosis. Results: Our study revealed that in the subgroup of NAFLD patients with F1, F2, F3 fibrosis on biopsy, the mean fibroscan values were 11.84 ± 9.23, 16.98 ± 18.85, 21.93 ± 5.85, respectively, which overestimate the fibrosis score (2.5–7.5 Kpa), (7.6–10 Kpa), (10.1–13 Kpa), respectively, and in F4 fibrosis, the mean fibroscan value was 33.41 ± 17.39 and in concordance with the fibrosis score (>13 Kpa). Conclusion: Fibroscan overestimates the fibrosis score in the early stages of NAFLD, whereas, it has high accuracy in detecting advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Hence, it can be concluded that transient elastography is a good adjunctive tool in NAFLD patients with advanced fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126109828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis phenotypes in a South-Western Nigerian population","authors":"A. Jemilohun, M. Ajani, T. Solaja, Aaron Uka","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_21_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_21_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The long-term outcomes of Helicobacter pylori infection ultimately depend on the distribution and extent of gastritis. Three main types of gastritis phenotypes which include pangastritis, antral-predominant gastritis, and corpus-predominant gastritis have been observed. Corpus predominant gastritis is more common in the parts of Asia with a high prevalence of gastric adenocarcinoma. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of H. pylori-associated gastritis phenotypes in a South-western Nigerian population, a sub-Saharan African population. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional prospective study which included 267 dyspeptic patients who had esophagogastroduodenoscopy at a tertiary health institution in South-west Nigeria. Five gastric biopsies were taken from each subject, and standard histologic examination was performed on the specimens. Both biopsy sampling and histologic examination followed the Updated Sydney System recommendations. The data generated were statistically analyzed. Continuous variables were presented as means ± standard deviation, whereas associations between the categorical variables were determined by the Pearson Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age was 46.1 (±15.4) years while the age range was 16–84 years. There were 160 (59.9%) female and 107 (40.1%) male participants. All participants had histological gastritis, whereas 79 (29.6%) were positive for H. pylori by histology. H. pylori infection was significantly associated with peptic ulcer disease. Among those who had H. pylori infection, 51 (64.6%) had pangastritis, 26 (32.9%) had antral-predominant gastritis, while 2 (2.5%) had corpus-predominant gastritis. The relationship between H. pylori infection and the gastritis phenotypes showed no statistical significance. Conclusion: The prevalence of corpus predominant gastritis was low in our study population.","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133830067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare case of arterioportal fistula in a Nigerian; Presentation and successful management with transcatheter arterial embolization","authors":"H. Ninalowo, A. Oluyemi, C. Iwuchukwu, A. Olushekun","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_24_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_24_20","url":null,"abstract":"Arterioportal fistula (APF) is a rare and potentially fatal cause of portal hypertension. In this case report, we present an unwonted case of a Nigerian with this disorder. As well, this article documents details of successful therapy for such a large APF with transcatheter arterial embolization which was carried out locally. This study is thus a first-of-its-kind for our African subregion. We hope that this article will help to highlight the role and significance interventional radiology services and expertise in an emerging health-care system as the one seen in West Africa – particularly as it relates to its benefits in the field of hepatology.","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125281725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota: Poised to assume an overarching role in a wide range of diseases","authors":"S. Nwokediuko","doi":"10.4103/njgh.njgh_4_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgh.njgh_4_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354969,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129306843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}