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La flexibilisation de l'emploi par l'aménagement du temps de travail. Les femmes en première ligne 通过调整工作时间使就业更加灵活。前线的女性
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3166/EJESS.22.27-39
S. Lemière, M. Céline
{"title":"La flexibilisation de l'emploi par l'aménagement du temps de travail. Les femmes en première ligne","authors":"S. Lemière, M. Céline","doi":"10.3166/EJESS.22.27-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/EJESS.22.27-39","url":null,"abstract":"Dans un contexte de promotion du concept de \" flexicurite \" au niveau europeen, cet article apporte un nouvel eclairage sur la qualite des emplois en prenant en compte la flexibilisation des horaires et du temps de travail. Il met en avant la situation differenciee des hommes et des femmes par rapport a la qualite de leurs emplois facilitant ou freinant l'articulation entre vie familiale et vie professionnelle. La qualite des emplois est apprehendee en croisant systematiquement contrat de travail, temps de travail et amenagement d'horaires de travail. Selon ces trois dimensions, une typologie des salaries est proposee a partir des donnees francaises des enquetes Emploi de l'Insee. Dans un premier temps, l'analyse montre un eclatement du marche du travail remettant en question une analyse simpliste \" emplois de bonne qualite \" versus \" emplois de mauvaise qualite \". Dans un second temps, la comparaison de notre typologie dans le temps (entre 1993 et 2002) montre la persistance des liens entre statuts d'emploi et amenagements d'horaires atypiques. Et enfin, l'evolution de la typologie temoigne du mouvement de flexibilisation des emplois et de deterioration de la qualite des emplois, dont les femmes sont les premieres victimes.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121904793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The morphogenesis of spatialized cooperation relations: an evolutionary game approach with genetic algorithm 空间化合作关系的形态发生:基于遗传算法的进化博弈方法
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/EJESS:1999103
C. Dupuy, A. Torre
{"title":"The morphogenesis of spatialized cooperation relations: an evolutionary game approach with genetic algorithm","authors":"C. Dupuy, A. Torre","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:1999103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:1999103","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the morphogenesis of spatialized co-operative relations and with the role of proximity in the evolution, persistence and co-existence of various local strategies. The first part is devoted to a presentation of the analysis of co-operative relations","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128108794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Growth, income distribution and autonomous public expenditures 增长、收入分配和自主公共支出
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3166/EJESS.25.59-72
O. Allain
{"title":"Growth, income distribution and autonomous public expenditures","authors":"O. Allain","doi":"10.3166/EJESS.25.59-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/EJESS.25.59-72","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a Kaleckian model which is enriched by introducing autonomous public expenditures growing at an exogenous rate. We show that the usual properties are not affected in the short run: an increase in the profit share thus causes a decrease in the rate of capital accumulation (growth is wage-led). But long run properties are strongly affected: public expenditures play a role of automatic stabilizer such that accumulation rate converges toward the growth rate of public expenditures. The effect of a change in income distribution on the growth rate is then only transient. However, the impacts on the variables in level (output, capital stock, labor...) remain permanent.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131350412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Implications of routine-based learning for decision making 基于常规的学习对决策的影响
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/EJESS:2001101
T. Brenner
{"title":"Implications of routine-based learning for decision making","authors":"T. Brenner","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2001101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2001101","url":null,"abstract":"Various mathematical models have been proposed in the economic literature for the modelling of boundedly rational learning. Each of these models considers one type of learning, like imitation, sat- iscing, trial-and-error or reinforcement learning. This paper combines several types of boundedly rational learning and develops a more gen- eral learning model. Then, the characteristics of this learning model are examined for a quite general decision situation involving risk. It is studied under which conditions learning leads to an expected utility maximising behaviour. Furthermore, it is analysed what kind of devia- tions from the utility maximising behaviour are caused by the dierent aspects of learning. Classication Codes. C44, D83.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115917948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The concept of “ba”: A new path in the study of knowledge in firms “霸”概念:企业知识研究的新路径
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/EJESS:2000103
Frédéric Créplet
{"title":"The concept of “ba”: A new path in the study of knowledge in firms","authors":"Frédéric Créplet","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2000103","url":null,"abstract":"– In this article we present a relatively novel concept: the “ba”. This concept was put forward by two authors, Nonaka and Konno (1998), who showed that the “ba” – a form of interaction “place” – was a foundation for the creation of knowledge in an organisation. We believe that this space plays a decisive role in the study and description of knowledge management in firms and that it can be used in many fields of research. Because it is a multi-organisational, multipurpose, etc. concept, its contribution is significant. Our presentation of this concept will be based on the works of Nonaka and Konno (1998), but we will also examine the main themes arising from the theoretical movements dealing with knowledge in organisations. Moreover, we are also putting forward a framework of study related to this concept, and a definition of the main possible forms of “ba”. Classification Codes: L20, L21, L23, M11, M12, M13, M14.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114373995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Ownership structure and the performance of firms: Evidence from France* 股权结构与公司绩效:来自法国的证据*
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/EJESS:2001117
E. Séverin
{"title":"Ownership structure and the performance of firms: Evidence from France*","authors":"E. Séverin","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2001117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2001117","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the influence of ownership structure, variables of external and organisational discipline on financial and economic performance. By means of self-organising maps, in particular Kohonen maps, we highlight three main results. Firstly, the results obtained from a sample of French companies are consistent with the findings of Morck, Shleifer and Vishny (1988), McConnell and Servaes (1990) and Short and Keasey (1999) and suggest a non-linear relation between ownership structure and performance. Secondly, the variables of external discipline, that is leverage and stock-turnover, partly explain performance. Although debt level negatively influences perform- ance (Opler and Titman, 1994), conversely, stock-turnover has a beneficial impact on performance (Charreaux, 1997). Finally, though the organisational variables seem to have no significant impact on performance, corporate size has a positive influence on performance.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117030881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
The sequence of steps in the analysis of youth trajectories 分析青年轨迹的一系列步骤
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/EJESS:2000106
J. Fenelon, Y. Grelet, Yvette Houzel
{"title":"The sequence of steps in the analysis of youth trajectories","authors":"J. Fenelon, Y. Grelet, Yvette Houzel","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2000106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2000106","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the school-to-work transition is based on longitu- dinal data, in the form of personal chronologies which require specific handling. Drawing on French research based on Cereq's longitudinal surveys, this article presents the different options that emerge in the course of statistical processing and explores their respective implications and challenges. Over the past fifteen years, public-sector statisticians involved with the analysis of the training-employment relationship have been amassing not only the usual socio-demogra- phic data on students and the jobs they hold but also a body of longitudinal information about their itineraries. The resulting treatment has now given rise to a yearly workshop where results and approaches can be compared 1 . Notwithstanding the large number of studies and samples alike, it seems to us that little profit has been drawn from this research in terms of accumulation attainments. While the shifting economic or institu- tional contexts in which these itineraries are defined make the comparison of results dif- ficult, the harmonisation of the different approaches and the kind of conclusions they lead to is not lacking in interest (Fenelon et al., 1997). In the analysis that follows, we begin by indicating the specificities of these data and the main approaches used to process them and then propose a detailed indication of what the factorial and typological methods have to offer.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122111869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Learning in firms: Knowledge-based and property rights perspectives 企业学习:知识基础与产权视角
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/EJESS:2000113
Kirsten Foss, N. Foss
{"title":"Learning in firms: Knowledge-based and property rights perspectives","authors":"Kirsten Foss, N. Foss","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2000113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2000113","url":null,"abstract":"Proponents of the knowledge-based approach to the firm argue that organizational economics put all the burden on the allocation of incentives and property rights in the explanation of organizational phenomena, and neglects firm- specific knowledge and processes of learning. We argue that there is no inherent reason why organizational economics should be cut off from treating learning and exploring its organizational implications. More specifically, we demonstrate that it is possible to adopt an approach to learning that is consistent with rational choice methodology and stresses economizing, puts the emphasis on learning as a means of realizing efficiencies, is micro-analytic, and contains implications for economic organization. We concentrate on the role of experimentation as a means of finding solutions to coordination problems in complex production systems ( e.g., finding the optimal sequence of activities) and the transaction costs learning-by-experi- menting may create. Such transaction costs help determine the existence, bound- aries and internal organization of the firm, and have implications for the understanding of competitive advantage.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117199919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
Common knowledge and interactive behaviors: A survey 常识与互动行为:一项调查
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/EJESS:2000120
Frédéric Koessler
{"title":"Common knowledge and interactive behaviors: A survey","authors":"Frédéric Koessler","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2000120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2000120","url":null,"abstract":"This paper surveys the notion of common knowledge taken from game theory and computer science. It studies and illustrates more generally the effects of interactive knowledge in economic and social problems. First of all, common knowledge is shown to be a central concept and often a necessary condition for coordination, equilibrium achievement, agreement, and consensus. We present how common knowledge can be practically generated, for example, by particular advertisements or leadership. Secondly, we prove that common knowledge can be harmful, essentially in various cooperation and negotiation problems, and more generally when there are con icts of interest. Finally, in some asymmetric relationships, common knowledge is shown to be preferable for some players, but not for all. The ambiguous welfare effects of higher-order knowledge on interactive behaviors leads us to analyze the role of decentralized communication in order to deal with dynamic or endogenous information structures.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123921607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Discounted cash-flows analysis: An interactive fuzzy arithmetic approach 贴现现金流分析:一种交互式模糊算法
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/EJESS:2001115
C. Lesage
{"title":"Discounted cash-flows analysis: An interactive fuzzy arithmetic approach","authors":"C. Lesage","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2001115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2001115","url":null,"abstract":"Many models used in management and economics are based on an arithmetic basis. Moreover, the imperfection of generally available information in these disciplines has led to numerous decision support systems based on fuzzy arithmetic. However, their practical use did not have success expected, because their output were generally too imperfect to help a manager with relevant information. This paper outlines a computational method for decreasing the imperfection of the output of fuzzy arithmetic models. We suggest an approach aiming at integrating into the arithmetic models fuzzy information still not taken into account: the vague knowledge of the interaction potentially existing between the two variables of an arithmetic operation (addition, subtraction, division or product). Thanks to the modelling of three standard relations, we propose a solution towards an interactive fuzzy arithmetic, which reduces the imperfection of the output to help the decision maker. We apply this approach to the choice of investment by the criterion of the Net Present Value resulting from a Discounted Cash-Flows Analysis.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127386114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 35
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