Ampersand最新文献

{"title":"The atypical uses of causative make in Arab EFL learner writing: A corpus-based study","authors":"Omaima Abboud","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study analyzed the atypical uses of <em>make</em> as a periphrastic causative in Arabic-speaking English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learner writing. Data from a learner corpus, <em>The Arab College Corpus</em>, were compared with data from <em>The Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays</em>, from which it was found that there was an overuse of the causative <em>make</em> and a preference for verb over adjective complements. The qualitative analysis revealed that the causative <em>make</em> sometimes substituted enabling causatives such as <em>let</em> or <em>allow</em>. Some usage patterns were attributed to proficiency limitations, and other usage patterns were related to the learner's spoken native dialect, namely Spoken Palestinian Arabic (SPA). The monolingual corpus of SPA <em>Curras</em> data confirmed that the causative <em>xalla</em> had both enabling and effectuating functions, with the two meanings forming a continuum. It is proposed that this continuum is being transferred to the causative <em>make</em> by Arab EFL learners.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215039023000504/pdfft?md5=1a4262c596d852c91dde7e1e569afbba&pid=1-s2.0-S2215039023000504-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136159579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging linguistic divides in higher education: An exploration of translanguaging practices in Pakistan","authors":"Tahir Saleem ,&nbsp;Sarosh Latif ,&nbsp;Arshad Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Maryam Javaid ,&nbsp;Baber Sultan Ali Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2023.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the potential benefits and challenges of using translanguaging as a pedagogical tool in higher education in Pakistan. The research used an explanatory sequential design, collecting data from 90 final year BS English students and 22 English teachers through a questionnaire and semi-structured interview questionnaire, respectively. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed using Atlas.ti software to identify dominant themes. The results indicate that there is a need to revise language policies and practices in higher education institutions in Pakistan to better reflect the linguistic and cultural diversity of the student population. The use of translanguaging was found to enhance learning outcomes and promote more inclusive and effective teaching and learning practices. However, the study also highlighted the need for teacher training in translanguaging techniques to ensure effective implementation in the classroom. The current study's contribution to existing literature is significant as it provides insights into the perceptions of Pakistani students regarding the use of translanguaging in higher education and identifies the challenges and opportunities associated with its implementation. The findings may inform the development of language policies and practices that promote more inclusive and effective teaching and learning approaches, especially in multilingual contexts like Pakistan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221503902300053X/pdfft?md5=44de33cb51f120842e27c92d7481cf65&pid=1-s2.0-S221503902300053X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138577487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive aspects of compound translation: Insights into the relation between implicitation and cognitive effort from a translation process perspective","authors":"Silvana Deilen ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Lapshinova-Koltunski ,&nbsp;Michael Carl","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2023.100156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we analyse translation of compounds from English to German relating our observations to the phenomenon of implicitation, explicitation and structural equivalence using translation process data from the CRITT translation process research database (TPR-DB). We look into complex nominal phrases, e.g. nominal compounds in English-German translations. We determine a number of product and process features that have an impact on cognitive effort during compound translation. Our results show that in most cases translators opt for the structural equivalent, and that choosing a direct equivalent requires less cognitive effort than choosing an implicitation. This is explained by the fact that direct equivalents can be easily activated whereas changing the structure and using a more implicit, less typical translation requires more effort, which in turn leads to longer production pauses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215039023000498/pdfft?md5=d7386d5f870f3d767354de65acf726f4&pid=1-s2.0-S2215039023000498-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91959622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological validity in corpus-based and experimental translation research","authors":"Jonas Freiwald,&nbsp;Zoë Miljanović,&nbsp;Arndt Heilmann,&nbsp;Stella Neumann","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study provides insights into the ecological validity of experimental results in translation process research (TPR) by comparing translation products under three different conditions: produced in a translation research lab, in the translators' usual working environment, and included as part of a corpus. The results will test the ecological validity of experimental results in TPR and shed light on some of the discrepancies between findings based on corpus data and lab experiments. Data collected in rigorous translation process experiments outside the translators’ usual working environment may not represent authentic translation behaviour. For example, in the experimental setting, translators will not have access to the tools and resources they usually work with, they will be immediately aware of their participation in a scientific study (which may affect their choices), and the stimuli under investigation will often be artificially constructed. These caveats call into question the meaningfulness of conclusions about translation and the translation process based on target texts produced in such artificial settings. This is furthermore reinforced by the differences found between experimental and corpus-based results. In order to test the comparability of different translation settings, 20 translators were commissioned to translate texts according to their usual workflow, in their usual working environment and at their own pace with access to resources of their preference. The source texts were previously used in experiments (Heilmann et al., 2021; Heilmann et al., 2022) and they contain stimuli that may represent a contrastive or cognitive challenge to the translators. The translators were also asked to provide information about the resources they used and the time and breaks they took to finish the translations. Their translations were compared to the target texts collected in the lab experiments and to translations obtained from a corpus with regard to the linguistic stimuli as well as linguistic characteristics such as average sentence length and lexical density. The results highlight the effect of the experimental setting on the translation product and illuminate the differences between experimental data and corpus data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215039023000486/pdfft?md5=321d38accc023bee0db8b65c4eb1d58a&pid=1-s2.0-S2215039023000486-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of cultural conceptualisations as a translation strategy for culture-specific jokes and humorous discourse: A remedy for a malady?","authors":"Ahmadreza Mohebbi","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2023.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Translating humour across languages and cultures is a complex task that requires more than just linguistic competency. It requires understanding the cultural background and social context of both the source and target languages. This study examines the applicability of cultural conceptualisations in translating Persian jokes into English. The study adopts Cultural Linguistics as an investigative framework (Sharifian, 2017) to analyse five Persian jokes and offer a strategy for translators to follow when translating jokes containing cultural conceptualisations. The study argues that cultural conceptualisations, such as cultural schemas, cultural categories, and cultural metaphors, play a crucial role in translating humour. By identifying and using cultural conceptualisations in the translation process, translators can ensure that the humour of the original joke is retained in the target language. This framework involves three stages: identifying the source language cultural conceptualisation, finding the equivalent cultural conceptualisation in the target language, and translating the joke to ensure laughability in the target language. The study also shows that humour is closely tied to cultural knowledge and assumptions and that what may be considered funny in one culture may not necessarily be funny in another. Therefore, cultural conceptualisations can serve as a bridge between different cultures and can help translators translate humour across cultural and linguistic boundaries effectively. The findings of this study offer important implications for translators and cultural communicators who aim to efficiently communicate humour and other forms of cultural content across languages and cultures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215039023000425/pdfft?md5=1681285be000bce9a405c796dd857b06&pid=1-s2.0-S2215039023000425-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92045789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source text ideological load modulates ideological shifts in interpreting right-wing and left-wing political discourse, but interpreters’ political orientation does not","authors":"Patryk Dobkiewicz,&nbsp;Agnieszka Chmiel,&nbsp;Małgorzata Fabiszak","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2023.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the public sphere is undergoing a process of ideological radicalization, simultaneous interpreting has been explored as a potential factor in shaping multilingual political debates. This paper investigates the notion of ideological shift between source texts and target texts in interpreting – the weakening or strengthening of ideologically loaded language in political discourse. Research paradigms from Interpreting Studies and Critical Discourse Studies are combined to conduct an experimental study in which political speeches controlled for their ideological orientation are interpreted by experienced interpreters working in the English – Polish language combination. Additionally, the participants’ political views are measured using the euandi 2019 questionnaire – a valid and reliable tool situating interpreters on the political spectrum. Initial assessment of linguistic strategies employed in target text renditions using tools of the Discourse-Historical Approach is followed by a quantitative analysis. The results indicate that highly ideologically loaded source texts, regardless of their ideological orientation, are shifted more often than those with a less salient ideological load. The political orientation of the interpreters themselves appears to have no significant effect on the presence of ideological shifts in target texts. These results contribute to the growing body of knowledge on interpreter agency and the pivotal role of the process of interpreting on discourse co-construction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49729046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain structure adapts dynamically to highly demanding bilingual experiences: Insights from interpreters and translators","authors":"M. Korenar ,&nbsp;J. Treffers-Daller ,&nbsp;C. Pliatsikas","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2023.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It remains an open question how the brain adapts structurally to handle strenuous cognitive challenges. Interpreters and translators rely on high cognitive control to regulate two languages in their jobs, which makes them ideal models in investigating experience-based neuroplasticity induced by exceptional cognitive demands. Using structural MRI, we compare volumes of the caudate nucleus and putamen, structures involved in bilingual language control, in three groups of highly experienced bilinguals: translators, interpreters and highly experienced bilinguals. Between-group comparisons revealed larger volumes for both structures in interpreters and translators compared to highly experienced bilinguals. We used Bayesian Generalized Additive Mixed Models to model effects of quantified general bilingual experiences on the structures of interest. Critically, dynamic, group-specific volumetric trajectories of the ROIs related to general bilingual experiences were revealed. Specifically, whereas caudate volumes increased as a function of bilingual experiences across all groups, they started to return to baseline volumes at the high points of experiences in the two professional groups only. As for the putamen, the expansion-renormalisation pattern was replicated in interpreters only, whereas in translators and highly experienced controls, putamen volumes simply increased as a function of bilingual experiences. This pattern of results suggests that bilingualism-related brain adaptations manifest differently in different brain regions and are modulated by quantitative and qualitative differences in bilingual experiences. These findings shed new light on the ways in which extremely demanding bilingual experiences affect neuroplasticity in bilinguals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49701940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dynamic view of the neurocognition of translation: Illustrated by neurocognitive studies of the translation process","authors":"Lin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2023.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neurocognitive studies of the translation (including interpreting) process have developed quickly for decades. They not only shed new light on the black box of the translating brain but also spark discussions in neurolinguistic and neurocognitive issues in the translation process, which are firstly explicated in the paper, underlying a more in-depth explanation of a dynamic view of the neurocognition of translation. This dynamic view is further expounded by a comprehensive analysis of the research findings of ten representative neurocognitive studies in terms of cognitive components and relevant brain areas involved in the translation process. The above analysis reveals the connectivity and complexity of the neural basis of translation and demonstrates the neurocognitive variety of translating under the influence of different factors, such as language proficiency, the translator's age of second language acquisition, translation directionality, and the specific tasks of translation or interpreting, among others. The explication of the dynamic view offers a neurocognitive lens to observe the neural basis of translation psychology more comprehensively on the one hand and raises further problems to explore on the other.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49728892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The proof of the translation process is in the reading of the target text: An eyetracking reception study","authors":"Bogusława Whyatt,&nbsp;Olga Witczak,&nbsp;Ewa Tomczak-Łukaszewska,&nbsp;Olha Lehka-Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2023.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article is an attempt to bridge the divide between translation process research (TPR) which has investigated how translators as specialised bilingual professionals use their expertise to translate texts and translation reception which explores how the texts are read and received by the target language readers. Over the last thirty years, TPR has provided empirically grounded findings to demonstrate the complexity of the cognitive processes in the translator's mind but much less empirical interest has been paid to how translated texts are read and processed by the readers. To redress this imbalance, we hypothesise that the cognitive effort invested in reading a translated text can be taken as proof of how successful the translation process has been. We report on an exploratory study in which two groups of participants read a high-quality and a low-quality translation of the same text while their eye movements were recorded by an eyetracker. We compare the readers' cognitive effort indexed by character-adjusted dwell time, number of runs and re-reading in the second and third run with the translators' character-adjusted cognitive effort invested in producing the target texts. The results show that the relationship between the translation process and the reading experience is not straightforward and depends on the quality of the target text.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49701953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The perception and production of Estonian vowels and vocalic quantity contrasts by Spanish L1 learners","authors":"Katrin Leppik,&nbsp;Pärtel Lippus,&nbsp;Eva Liina Asu","doi":"10.1016/j.amper.2023.100147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2023.100147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35076,"journal":{"name":"Ampersand","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49701954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}