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[Virtual Reality in psychiatry and psychotherapy]. [精神病学和心理治疗中的虚拟现实]。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2021-01-01
Lajos Simon, Tamara Pénzváltó, Edit Vass
{"title":"[Virtual Reality in psychiatry and psychotherapy].","authors":"Lajos Simon,&nbsp;Tamara Pénzváltó,&nbsp;Edit Vass","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of virtual reality (VR) technology in psychiatry and psychotherapy has spread continiously over the last two decades. Researches has mainly focused on the VR-based therapy of anxiety disorders, but encouraging results have also been published in the field of diagnosis and therapy of eating disorders, addictions, autism, and ADHD. There have been fewer reports on the therapy of schizophrenia yet. In these cases VR interventions cover a wide range of symptoms. VR based interventions have already been developed for cognitive and social abilities that are more difficult to alleviate by medication. Among positive symptoms, the developed methods mainly focus on auditory hallucinations and delusions. In general, the current results confirm the effectiveness of VR-based therapeutic interventions and justify the need for further research. Research and therapy on this fieed at the VR Laboratory of the Department of Psychi - atry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University also support literature data. However, the widespread use of VRbased interventions requires further well-designed, blinded, randomized, long-term follow-up studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 3","pages":"336-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39680963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The relationship of muscle dysmorphia to the body image and early maladaptive schemata created by parental behaviours]. [肌肉畸形与身体形象和父母行为造成的早期适应不良图式的关系]。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2021-01-01
Barbara Kaszás, Barnabás Oláh, Beáta Kovács-Tóth
{"title":"[The relationship of muscle dysmorphia to the body image and early maladaptive schemata created by parental behaviours].","authors":"Barbara Kaszás,&nbsp;Barnabás Oláh,&nbsp;Beáta Kovács-Tóth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>the purpose of our study was to investigate the link between specific traits that determine muscle dysmorphia in bodybuilders and the parental behaviours which play a role in developing these schemata, as well as the eating-disorder-specific traits which differentiate bodybuilders from the normal population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>conceptualising the similarities of personality traits in case of muscle dysmorphia and eating disorders, as well as their etiology based on the schema theory.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>to measure muscle dysmorphia was used the Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale. We explored its connec - tion with eating disorders applying the Eating Disorder Inventory and thereof with the parental behaviours was used the Young Parental Inventory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>a number of eating-disorder-specific traits differentiate persons with muscle dysmorphic traits from the normal population. These are Drive for thinness, Body dissatisfaction, Feeling of inadequacy, Interoceptive awareness and Perfectionism. Regarding the perceived parental behaviour the father violated the child's need of autonomy, compe - tence and self-identity and the mother violated the need of boundaries and self-control.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on several personality characteristics, muscle dysmorphia may be related to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. In its etiology parental care can have a role, as the father is disposed to detain the autonomy, and the expression of personal needs, while the mother demonstrates insufficient control functions, and the detention of the autonomy and the need for competency.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 2","pages":"113-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38892358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[What did Lipót mean to me?] Lipót对我来说意味着什么？］
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2021-01-01
Zoltán Rihmer
{"title":"[What did Lipót mean to me?]","authors":"Zoltán Rihmer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 1","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25449811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
["Praecox-Gefühl". A brief look]. [" Praecox-Gefuhl”。[简短地看了一眼]。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2021-01-01
Tamás Tényi, Tímea Csulak, Márton Herold, Márton Áron Kovács
{"title":"[\"Praecox-Gefühl\". A brief look].","authors":"Tamás Tényi, Tímea Csulak, Márton Herold, Márton Áron Kovács","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 4","pages":"615-618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39750244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Clinical characteristics of children with Tourette's Syndrome]. [图雷特综合征患儿的临床特点]。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-01-01
Péter Nagy, Emese Bognár, Luca Farkas, Eszter Kenézlöi, Péter Vida, Júlia Gádoros, Zsanett Tárnok
{"title":"[Clinical characteristics of children with Tourette's Syndrome].","authors":"Péter Nagy,&nbsp;Emese Bognár,&nbsp;Luca Farkas,&nbsp;Eszter Kenézlöi,&nbsp;Péter Vida,&nbsp;Júlia Gádoros,&nbsp;Zsanett Tárnok","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder presenting with motor and vocal tics. Although TS influences the everyday life of children, we only have fragmented knowledge on the topic of the developmental and comorbidity profile, symptom severity and genetical/environmental background. The aim of this article is to present the demographical characteristics, comorbidity profile and the tic symptom types and severity of patients from the Tourette Syndrome Outpatient Clinic of Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital, Budapest.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our sample consists of all the patients (N=137), who visited the Tourette Syndrome Outpatient Clinic between February, 2012, and July, 2013. Patients were in the age range of 3 to 18 years. We recorded demographical and tic-specific data (age, symptom onset, TS in the family, comorbidity, adverse pre-/peri-/postnatal events) of the participants, and administered the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age at symptom onset was 5.9 years. Average symptom severity (measured by the YGTSS) was 22.4 points. Comorbid Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was reported in 31%, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in 10%, and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in 10% of the sample. The most common tic types were simple head tics (blinking, shaking of head). Symptom severity correlated positively with age (p <0.05), but not with gender, age at symptom onset, positive family history for TS, or adverse pre-, peri-, and postnatal events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The characteristics of our sample does not show any major differences from international reports of similar samples. Comorbidity is an exception: our sample shows lower rates of comorbidities than usually reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"35 1","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37472432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder: theoretical and practical considerations]. 重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)在治疗重度抑郁症中的应用:理论和实践考虑。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-01-01
Péter Döme, Gábor Faludi, Mónika Eleméry, János Réthelyi
{"title":"[The use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder: theoretical and practical considerations].","authors":"Péter Döme,&nbsp;Gábor Faludi,&nbsp;Mónika Eleméry,&nbsp;János Réthelyi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last 2 decades, a growing body of evidence documented the efficacy and tolerability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of psychiatric diseases, especially of major depressive disorder (a.k.a. unipolar depression). In our paper, we discuss briefly the historical aspects of TMS, its position among neurostimulatory methods and its mechanism of action. Then we review in details the practical aspects of the application of rTMS (e.g. stimulation parameters, contraindicatitions, side-effects) as well as the evidences of its efficacy in the treatment of depression. We also outline the possibilities of the use of rTMS in other psychiatric disorders than MDD. In our opinion, more than 10 years after receiving the FDA clearence, rTMS should be added to the Hungarian treatment guideline of MDD. Furthermore, the elaboration of the details of the insurance coverage of the rTMS treatment by the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund would also be required.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"35 2","pages":"146-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37752898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[A new tool to measure orthorexia nervosa - applying the Eating Habits Questionnaire (Revised) in Hungary]. [一种测量神经性厌食症的新工具——在匈牙利应用饮食习惯问卷(修订版)]。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-01-01
Enikö Bóna, Milán Leindler, Edit Czeglédi
{"title":"[A new tool to measure orthorexia nervosa - applying the Eating Habits Questionnaire (Revised) in Hungary].","authors":"Enikö Bóna,&nbsp;Milán Leindler,&nbsp;Edit Czeglédi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objectives: </strong>Orthorexia nervosa is a new type of disordered eating, characterized by an unhealthy fixation on healthy food. Those who suffer from it are showing compulsive behaviors and increasing dietary restrictions, that can lead to anxiety and physical health problems. Measuring tools for estimating the seve rity of its symptoms are available in Hungary only to a limited extent. The aim of this study was to adapt the Eating Habits Questionnaire's revised version (EHQ-R) to Hungarian, and to perform a psychometric analysis, moreover, to explore the demographic features of orthorexic tendencies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional online questionnaire included adults who perform physical exercize regularly (n = 175, 29% male; mean age 35.4 [SD = 7.59] years).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>sociodemographic data, anthropometric data (body - weight, height), EHQ-R, ORTO-11-Hu questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Confirmatory factor analysis supported the EHQ-R's five-factor theoretical structure (c2 (395) = 856.2; p < 0.001; CFI = 0.914; TLI = 0.906; RMSEA = 0.082 [CI 90: 0.074-0.089]). Both the internal reliability of the scales (Cronbach-a = 0.75-0.87) and its consistency over time (r / r = 0.67-0.86) were adequate. The construct validity of the questionnaire is supported by the close correlation of the scales with the ORTO-11-Hu questionnaire (r / r = | 0.63-0.68 |). Regarding gender differences, women scored higher than men on the EHQ-R's Rigidity subscale (t [173] = -1.807; p = 0.073). Age showed a significant, weak, negative relationship with the Negative Emotionality (r = -0.18; p = 0.017) and Time Impairment (r = -0.21; p = 0.005) subscales.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The EHQ-R has proven to be a reliable and valid measurement tool, thus, we recommend utilizing it as it can provide a quick and valid assessment about the severity of orthorexia symptoms, enabling appropriate interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"35 4","pages":"410-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38662217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Language use and disturbances in old age. 老年人的语言使用和紊乱。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-01-01
Csaba Pléh
{"title":"Language use and disturbances in old age.","authors":"Csaba Pléh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The short literature overview is organized around the idea that during our life course there is a classic competition between accumulated experience and the increased metacognitive reflection possibilities as the positive side, and the rusting of fast mental processes, mental slowdown with age as a negative side. This is non trivially crossed by the issue that in language, grammar corresponds to the early stabilizing procedural system, while vocabulary is a system that remains open during all our life regarding its acquisition, but shows signs of access problems due to the age sensitivity of the declarative memory system. Language and speech in this regard as well are subject to multiple determination: different age parameters characterize its acquisition and usage. I show some summaries of age related changes in grammar, vocabulary, and articulation. The review specifically discusses the possible role of age related in memory and executive functions during physiological ageing. In this domain as well, the new IT system brought in new environmental and research method challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"35 2","pages":"97-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37752892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Definition and characteristics of affektive temperaments, their effects on psychiatric disorders and suicidal behavior]. [情感气质的定义和特征及其对精神疾病和自杀行为的影响]。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-01-01
Zsuzsanna Bélteczki, Zoltán Rihmer
{"title":"[Definition and characteristics of affektive temperaments, their effects on psychiatric disorders and suicidal behavior].","authors":"Zsuzsanna Bélteczki,&nbsp;Zoltán Rihmer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our review, we present the theory of affective temperaments, the evolution of the temperament-concept, and the characteristics of the various forms of temperament (depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable, and anxious). We describe their relationship with the bipolar and unipolar spectrum, the ethological and evolutionary importance of temperaments, and their neurochemical, genetic basis. We present the self-report questionnaire (TEMPS-A) used for distinguishing between temperament forms. We analyze the relationship of affective tempera - ments with psychiatric disorders and suicide acts and the revealed associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"35 3","pages":"254-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38134158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Religious-spiritual crisis or psychosis? The impact of basic symptoms in the differentiation of prepsychotic states]. 宗教-精神危机还是精神病?基本症状对精神病前状态鉴别的影响[j]。
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-01-01
Imre Kállai, Szabolcs Kéri
{"title":"[Religious-spiritual crisis or psychosis? The impact of basic symptoms in the differentiation of prepsychotic states].","authors":"Imre Kállai,&nbsp;Szabolcs Kéri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Religious-spiritual crises include distress associated with the weakening or loss of faith, turbulent conversions, and affective states associated with negative spirituality. The differential diagnosis in regard to psychosis is often challenging. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of basic symptoms (changes in the subjective experience of perception, thinking, feeling, and self) in the differential diagnosis. We evaluated 106 help-seeking individuals with the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptoms (BSABS). The results indicated that religiousspiritual crises and psychotic states could be properly differentiated with the BSABS. Although the crisis and psychosis groups scored similarly on perplexity, self-disorder, depression, and anxiety, the disturbance of social contact and cognition was observed only in psychosis. These results indicate that the assessment of basic symptoms is useful in the differentiation of religious-spiritual crisis and psychosis, but it does not replace a multidisciplinary approach when, in addition to the routine psychiatric examination, the wider cultural context and the personal narratives are also considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"35 2","pages":"102-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37752894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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