Psychiatria Hungarica最新文献

{"title":"[Novel psychoactive substance users' highly valenced life story episodes: A content analysis].","authors":"Ferenc Császár,&nbsp;Rebeka Jávor,&nbsp;Gábor Kelemen,&nbsp;Márta B Erdös","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Novel psychoactive substance use (NPS) has proven a challenge for the domestic addiction treatment system. In the first few years, studies focused on types of substances and prevalence. Recently social and cultu ral background, personality/identity issues and experiences of NPS users have been thematised in scientific studies. Our study is connected to the latter tradition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study comprised a questionnaire on sociodemographic factors, and a mixed method content analysis of highly valenced episodes of life interviews, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. We analysed the data obtained from 42 NPS users entering treatment. NPS use was confirmed by preceding drug tests. We used descriptive statistical methods to analyse questionnaire data, and employed paired-sample T-test to analyse the data from quanti tative content analysis. The text corpus (personal texts) of the Hungarian National Text Resources was selected as baseline to compare percentages. In our qualitative analysis, we outlined a conceptual network on high point and low point episodes of the life story.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Extreme poverty and deprivation was not characteristic of the current sample as a whole. Our content ana - lysis supported previous results on the highly self-destructive nature of novel psychoactive substance use. Major results of the content analysis of highly valenced low point texts were experiences of entrapment, failure, victimisation and never-ending troubles. The use of function words, especially in low point texts, bore marked resemblance with \"negative code\" frequencies, also indicating a self-destructive attitude. Parallel, elements related to inevitability have increased significantly, while words referring to defence (generalizations and distancing) decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We interpret the results in terms of the arrested flight/cry of pain model. The results support and add to the conclusions of previous studies on the highly self-destructive nature of NPS-use and may introduce new aspects into treatment. The study is persuasive on the relevance of content analysis in clinical areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 2","pages":"162-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38887827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfectionism and Suicide: A systematic review of qualitative studies.","authors":"Luca Katzenmajer-Pump,&nbsp;Judit Balázs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a growing in te rest in the possible association between perfectionism and suicide. Smith and colleagues (2018) gave an up-to-date overview on this topic in a meta-analysis including quantitative studies and found that perfectionism disp la yed positive associations with suicide ideation and attempts. The current article's purpose was to conduct a systematic review on this topic, focusing on studies with qualitative research method.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted on four databases (PsychInfo, PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science) with the following keywords: (*perfectionism or self-criticism) and (suicide* or suicidality*). Inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed journals and publications written in Eng lish and qualitative methodology. Exclusion criteria were the absence of empirical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Altogether eight articles were identified, which met the inclusion criteria. All studies found strong correlation between perfectionism and suicidal behaviour. We also differentiated the studies using clinical or community sample and found the same, that perfectionism strongly connects to suicidal behaviour in both groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This review of studies using qualitative research method supports those previous studies with quantitative method, which suggest that perfectionism can play an important role in suicidal behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 1","pages":"4-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25449803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Differences in implicit and spontaneous mentalization in schizophrenia].","authors":"Tímea Csulak,&nbsp;Róbert Herold","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ability to mentalize is essential during social interactions. Mentalization can be divided into two separate systems: to an explicit part characterized by being conscious, reflective, verbal, and to an implicit part that is unconscious, automatic, non-verbal, intuitive. The term spontaneous mentalization is also used for the attribution of mental state that appears without explicit instruction. In schizophrenia, several studies have confirmed the deficit of explicit mentalization, but little data are available on non-explicit mentalization. Our aim is to provide a narrative review of the literature on this issue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the methodology used in different publications, we examined implicit and spontaneous mentalization separately. To search for publications on the topic, we performed a PubMed database search.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26 studies, 9 studies examining implicit and 17 studies examining spontaneous mentalization were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the results, implicit mentalization is relatively retained, but the effectiveness of implicit detec - tion of intentionality may be significantly influenced by other factors (e.g., neurocognitive deficits). In contrast, studies clearly report a deficit in spontaneous mentalization. Patients with schizophrenia are less sensitive to situations requiring spontaneous mentalizing activity. Interactions are less described by complex intentional mental states, and the descriptions often do not correspond to the particular interaction. Overall, in addition to the deficit of explicit mentalization, implicit or spontaneous mentalization performance is also affected in schizophrenia, if not to the same extent. These different deficits can also have potential therapeutic consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 1","pages":"67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25449809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[One goal, two approaches: the theoretical and practical dilemmas of suicide risk screening].","authors":"Márk Bérdi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is no single easy way of suicide risk assessment. Although more and more theories try to describe sui - cide behavior, our scales struggle with severe psychometric limitations. While quantitative psychometric scales stand on a theoretically firm basis, their sensitivity is poor; (semi)structured, qualitative interviews are systematic and com - prehensive but costly and time-consuming. Interviews, compared to scales, also represent a new approach in suicide risk assessment. In this approach, among other things, expanding clinicians' knowledge about suicide, the narrative approach of a suicide crisis and suicide attempt, and a more specified formulation of the risk level and indicated intervention are central. Following the theoretical part of the paper, I will describe two assessment tools that represent the quantitative and qualitative approaches, respectively. I would like to argue that both short psychometric scales and systematic interviews have their salient role in different areas of clinical practice. Systematic interviews could play an important role in postgraduate education as with their help the approach to suicide risk evaluation as a process can be conveyed to professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 4","pages":"518-535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39749844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The Hipnoword application in clinical practice - an interview with Erika Somogyi M.D., psychotherapiest].","authors":"Tamás Tényi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract available.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 4","pages":"619-625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39750245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Interview with Bertalan Petho (Zoltan Kovary, 2018 September)].","authors":"Zoltán Köváry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract available.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 3","pages":"261-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39592809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[An evaluation of a Hungarian questionnaire to assess childhood adversities: A pilot study].","authors":"Eszter Csernela,&nbsp;Nándor Németh,&nbsp;Cintia Csuta,&nbsp;Flóra Elza Lakner,&nbsp;Tamás Tényi,&nbsp;Boldizsár Czéh,&nbsp;Mária Simon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Detection of childhood traumas is important both in clinical practice and in research. There is a pressing need for methods that are relatively simple but comprehensive, non-intrusive, and possess adequate psyc - ho metric properties. In this study we translated one of the most widely used and well-studied measure of childhood abuse and neglect and explored the psychometrical properties of this questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was based on data from a clinical (N=171) and a normative (N=358) sample. In total 529 adults participated in the testing process. Beside the trauma questionnaire Parental Bonding Inventory, Impact of Events Scale and Dissociative Experiences Scale were administered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We examined the internal consistency of the translated trauma questionnaire. The Cronbach's a coefficients for the five subscales ranged from 0,639 to 0,934. Participants in the clinical sample reached higher scores on all trauma subscales except sexual abuse, than normative adults [PA: t (398)=-2,771; p=0,006; PN: t (398)=-5,990; p=0,000; EA: t (398)=-3,679; p=0,000; EN: t (398)=-4,759; p=0,000; total score: t (398)=-4,669; p=0,000]. Correlations among the trauma questionnaire total score and the scales of Parental Bonding Inventory indicating some medium effects (with maternal care: r=-0,661; p=0,000; with paternal care: r=-0,483; p=0,000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our preliminary findings suggest that this trauma questionnaire is practical and facilitates the systema - tic evaluation of adverse early life events and maximizes the possibility of detecting childhood abuse and neglect.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 1","pages":"26-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25449806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ethical questions in the clinical use and research of electroconvulsive therapy].","authors":"Gábor Gazdag","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of psychiatry's most long-standing and criticized treatments. Some of the criticisms come from the ethical aspect of ECT. The authors review the ethical issues of clinical application and research of ECT. ECT in the treatment of psychiatric patients is considered ethical, if it is conducted according to the four main principles of bioethics (beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy and justice). ECT research should also comply with other international guidelines and research ethics codes. In recent decades, the principle of informed consent has become widespread in psychiatry, which requires objective information from the attending doctor according to the most reliable scientific information. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities considers psychiatric disorders to be part of the concept of disability. For disabled psychiatric patients, assisted decision-making is a desirable way of self-determination. In doing so, it is important to use decision support instead of decision-substituting mechanisms, although for patients lacking insight, decisionsubstituting mechanisms are unavoidable.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 4","pages":"536-545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39749845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[\"Why not?\" - The medical diagnoses of Michel Foucault].","authors":"Tamás Tényi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract available.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 4","pages":"597-604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39750242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Memories and thoughts on the 100-year-old Pécs Psychiatric Clinic].","authors":"Péter Osváth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract available.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"36 4","pages":"605-614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39750243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}