{"title":"Teachers’ Beliefs and Practice about Written Corrective Feedback: A Case Study in a French as a Foreign Language Program","authors":"Maria-Lourdes Lira-Gonzales, Antonella Valeo, Khaled Barkaoui","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.25.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.25.02","url":null,"abstract":"Despite ample research examining second (L2) and foreign language (FL) teacher feedback, research situated in French as a foreign language (FFL) contexts is scarce, in particular studies that examine the beliefs and practices of corrective written feedback (WCF) among FFL teachers. The present study seeks to address this gap by investigating the WCF beliefs and practices of FFL teachers in an undergraduate program in Costa Rica. The participants in this study were five teachers teaching in an FFL program in the Modern Languages School at a large university in Costa Rica. Data were gathered using an online questionnaire, a semi-structured interview, and samples of students’ writing with teacher feedback. The findings revealed that the participants held common beliefs concerning writing, teaching writing, feedback provision in an FL, and the interdependent relationship among teaching, learning, and feedback in an FFL writing class. The results also showed that participants’ beliefs and practices regarding various aspects of written corrective feedback (CF) tended to be aligned, specifically in terms of the use of comprehensive indirect error-coded WCF and the use of evaluation grids. Implications and future research avenues are discussed.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130588633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating EFL Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices about Written Corrective Feedback: A Large-scale Study","authors":"Luxin Yang, Lintao Zhang, Chen Li, Kailun Wang, Liyang Fan, Rong Yu","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.25.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.25.03","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing number of studies have examined teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding written corrective feedback (WCF) in recent years. However, the sample size in these previous studies tends to be small. Through questionnaires and teacher interviews, the present study explored the WCF beliefs and practices of 2,012 EFL teachers in Beijing, China. It found that the majority of teachers regarded error correction as a responsibility shared by both teachers and students, and they preferred selective WCF and integrative use of direct and indirect WCF methods. Also, they tended to have confidence in the effectiveness of their WCF. As for their practices, they would mostly underline the errors and point out the types or underline all errors with types indicated. In addition, most teachers would give feedback directly, and the number of teachers for and against delivering feedback on recurring errors seemed to be even. This study indicates the necessity of offering in-service EFL teachers training on WCF.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129133222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Past vs Previous in EFL Teaching of L1 Slavic Students","authors":"Anatol Szewel","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.26.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.26.03","url":null,"abstract":"In Germanic and Slavic languages, the Verb is the most extensive grammatical item, which causes most of the troubles for second language learners. It has been noticed that Slavic L1 learners of English make mistakes in using verb forms due to the transfer of their L1 grammatical system (grammar concepts) onto the English language. The goal of the paper is to show how the wording of grammatical explanations in English influences the conceptualisation of grammatical items. The paper refers to one of the most probable sources of such misunderstanding – the way grammatical forms are named and explained in frequently used course books and grammars of English, which leads to a corrupted or limited understanding of the functionality of a grammatical form in L1 Slavic learners. The practical clues presented below might be beneficial for authors of course-books, FL language teachers and teacher trainers in solving the dilemma between the implicit vs explicit approach to teaching grammar, in constructing concept questions and formulating clear explanations in class.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"257 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132083990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study of the CP-based Model of Metadiscourse Marking across Disciplines and Q1-4 Journals","authors":"R. Abdi, Afsaneh Saeedakhtar, Simin Teymouri","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.24.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.24.05","url":null,"abstract":"Writing for social engagement in an academic context indicates the authors’ attitude towards the propositional content and the text’s audience through metadiscursive maxims markers employment. This study tried to determine whether there are any differences in metadiscourse marking in research articles across different disciplines and different quartile ranks. To this end, Abdi’s (2010) CP-based model of metadiscourse marking was used to study how writers use metadiscursive maxims markers to see any differences in metadiscourse maxims marking in their writings. To this end, we selected 193 research articles from recently published journals (2018-2020) and balanced them based on size. Then, we carefully went through them and extracted maxims markers manually. The results showed that the cooperation categories of quality, quantity, manner, and interaction were widely used among philosophy writers, which can help understand, study, and teach this critical area of language use. This empirical study of academic writing helps us attend to hidden rhetorical features and strengthen interpretation.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124629781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Cross-Linguistic Study on the Reflection of Metadiscourse Markers in the Acknowledgements of the Iranian and Native English Dissertations","authors":"Dina Zakeri, Fazlollah Samimi","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.26.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.26.04","url":null,"abstract":"The acknowledgement section in a thesis or dissertation expresses gratitude for the people who have helped the author in the process of conducting the research and writing the paper. The study sought to explore the extent to which metadiscourse markers have been employed in the dissertation acknowledgements. Excluding the rhetorical moves, emotional tones and cultural backgrounds, the research has primarily contrasted dissertation acknowledgements written by Iranian EFL doctoral graduates and English native speakers at an identical level. Hyland’s metadiscourse model features and his four-tier main obligatory thanking move was applied to determine and interpret the features predominantly used in the thesis acknowledgements. A qualitative analysis of the results revealed that except for a meaningful difference in attitude markers, Iranian acknowledgements were consistent with the model and not any noticeable difference detected in using interactive metadiscourse features between Iranians and native speakers when writing their dissertation acknowledgements.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122369720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding How Chinese University Students Engage with Teacher Written Feedback in an EFL Context: A Multiple Case Study","authors":"Yuwei Liu","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.25.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.25.05","url":null,"abstract":"While prior studies have highlighted that extensive student engagement could help maximize students’ learning benefits in general, a paucity of research has explored student engagement with teacher written feedback (WF), especially when students processed various English proficiency levels. To fill this gap, this multiple-case study explored how six Chinese undergraduates (2 high proficiency (HP), 2 intermediate (IM) and 2 low-proficiency (LP)) cognitively, behaviourally and affectively engaged with teacher WF in an EFL context. Multiple sources of data were collected from students’ drafts with teacher WF, students’ immediate verbal reports and student semi-structured interviews. Findings demonstrated that learners’ revision behaviours had an affective nature, which could build their confidence by presenting writing progress through multiple drafts. More obvious distinctions of engagement were found between HP and LP students. Other factors influencing management levels were the amount of WF, prior learning context and previous experience with other feedback. Changes in the extensiveness of engagement were observed across different writing tasks and over time, which implied that engagement could be cultivated and developed. To conclude, the study contributes to the conceptualization of student engagement with teacher WF and the understanding of why students benefit differently from teacher WF.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125820269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Thunberg to the L2 Classroom: Public Speaking Techniques","authors":"R. Miles","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.22.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.22.04","url":null,"abstract":"To participate in the global conversation on how to combat climate change, Japanese university students need to better utilise their English for Academic Purposes (EAP) skills outside the second language (L2) classroom. Therefore, this study seeks to enhance the public speaking skills of Japanese university students by analysing and drawing from a series of recent speeches by Swedish climate-change activist Greta Thunberg. Being of a similar age and speaking in a second language, Thunberg resonates as a public speaker that Japanese university students can model. The research design for this study consisted of two phases. Initially, a structural analysis of Thunberg’s speech transcripts was conducted, exploring her use of positive and negative message framing approaches. Secondly, an analysis of the persuasive discursive techniques (PDTs) used in her speeches was conducted, focusing on identifying established rhetorical devices such as tripling, contrasting, and personalising, as well as the use of inclusive language and exclusive language. This paper details and analyses the approaches and techniques used by Thunberg (framing and rhetorical) and then discusses how they can be taught to Japanese university students seeking to move beyond generic English language classroom presentations.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115608972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Grammarly® Website Influences the Iranian EFL Learners’ Writing Performance","authors":"Nasrin Sajjadpour","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.22.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.22.09","url":null,"abstract":"The current investigation was conducted to uncover the influences of the Grammarly® online website on correcting the Iranian EFL learners’ writing flaws and, in consequence, improving their writing performance. The participants of this research were 30 learners studying English at the intermediate level in a private language institute, Bojnurd, North Khorasan, Iran. Being divided into two groups, the experimental group received ten sessions of treatment employing the Grammarly® website in their writing instruction, whereas the control group was given a traditional paradigm concerning teaching writing skills. In addition, two raters evaluated the writers’ performances contingent upon five writing criteria: the band, writing achievement, cohesion-coherence, lexical resource, and grammatical measures. MANOVA, run as to the quantitative data, indicated a significant out-performance of the experimental group over the control group regarding the aspects of writing performance, yielding support to the effectiveness of the Grammarly® online webbased instruction. Furthermore, participants in the experimental group showed more positive attitudes than those in the control group towards the innovative instruction.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124501083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Language Bite-by-Bite: The Design of Second Language Learning Application Using Lexical Approach","authors":"Nuttanart M. Facundes, B. Sirinaovakul","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.22.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.22.07","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to use languages to communicate distinguishes humans from other living things. In language production, two sources of information play a crucial role: a conceptual (semantic) message and a sequence of syntactic states mapped onto an ordered sequence of words. This concept of language production applies to both the native language of the speaker and the second language. Therefore, one question arises as to why second language learners cannot equally master both their second language (L2) and first language (L1). In our research, we investigate second language learning within the linguistic and language production framework. We explain language competence by knowledge of paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations, and we can apply the lexical approach for language learning to reach such competence. With this basis, we have designed an educational web application for second language learning, Bite-sized English, that incorporates the learning of words and phrases hands-in-hands with grammar. Bite-sized English consists of two parts: “Take a Bite”, where users learn lexical chunks from authentic texts, and “Lingua Kitchen”, where learners can build their own lexicon and practice usage in contexts.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125250913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulating Work-Family Conflict Impact on Performance among Language Teachers: System Dynamics Modelling","authors":"Moloud Mohammadi, Arefe Amini Faskhodi","doi":"10.32038/ltrq.2021.24.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.24.01","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of education has always been considered throughout history, and in the heart of education, a teacher has always been recognized as one of the most determinant and influential members. Many researchers have tried to pay attention to teachers and identify their personal and professional needs. This disquisition was designed and carried out to model the impact of job-family conflict factors on teachers’ performance, specifically in today’s global context where the role and responsibility of teachers is recognized as being more prominent than ever before. According to Young (2019), this conflict affects teachers’ performance and their satisfaction with the profession. The conflict between the job demands and requirements and individual’s roles in the family account for such polarization. The aim of our study was consequently to specify factors causing such conflict among 73 English teachers, to recognize their relationships, and to determine how they affected English teachers’ performance using system dynamics modelling and simulation technique. The sensitivity analysis performed in this study revealed that over a sixty-eight-month period, while teachers’ job burnout and job pressure increased exponentially, their job satisfaction followed an overshoot-and-collapse manner of behaviour. Moreover, during this period, their job performance decreased in a goal-seeking manner.","PeriodicalId":350461,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research Quarterly","volume":"425 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126978893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}