Journal of Cleaner Production最新文献

{"title":"Exploring urban human mobility patterns and the effects of air pollution and weather conditions from a dockless bike-sharing lens","authors":"Xijie Xu, Jie Wang, Stefan Poslad, Xiaoping Rui, Guangyuan Zhang, Yonglei Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148155","url":null,"abstract":"Air quality, weather and other environmental conditions affect people's daily lives. Air conditions have improved in many areas due to strict air pollution control measures. However, severe ozone pollution still occurs in some cities due to high temperatures and atmospheric chemical changes. And there is limited evidence on the impact of ozone pollution on urban human behaviour. This study analysed the effects of ozone pollution on urban human mobility and daily activities from the lens of bike-sharing. Firstly, we explored urban human mobility patterns based on spatial and temporal statistics (RQ1). The results confirmed the important role of bike-sharing in bridging the ‘last mile’ to the subway system. Then, based on panel regressions, we analysed the effects of weather, and air pollution on human mobility and daily activities, which were conducted at both city-level (RQ2) and community-level (RQ3). The results indicate that apart from the influence of weather conditions and commuting needs, severe ozone pollution has an inhibitory effect on urban human mobility and daily activities. Depending on the activity types, for every 10 μg/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup> increase in ozone pollution concentration, the number of bike-sharing trips decreased by between 9 (95% CI: 4, 14) and 81 (95% CI: 41, 121) trips. In addition, we find that particulate matter 2.5 (PM<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2.5</ce:inf>) is positively associated with human mobility when pollution levels are not severe, which is different from the conventional understanding that PM<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2.5</ce:inf> can inhibit human activities. Although ozone pollution is difficult for urban residents to perceive directly, early warnings from the air monitoring department will serve as a guide. These findings provide evidence of the impact of ozone pollution on urban human behaviour and can provide references for healthy travel.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147587475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of waste polyolefins to butene, unsaturated fatty alcohols, and branched alkenes using CO2 and plasma catalyst","authors":"Sultan Ul Iffat Uday, Xianglan Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148134","url":null,"abstract":"Butene, branched alkenes, and short-chain unsaturated fatty alcohols are among the chemicals that have a wide range of industrial applications in the production of fuels, chemicals, and polymers. In this work, we produced these valuable commodity chemicals from waste plastics using a single-step plasma-catalytic process at atmospheric pressure CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>. The study shows that combining non-thermal plasma and zeolite could convert polyolefins at a temperature of 200 °C within 15 min, producing liquids rich in C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">5</ce:inf> and C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">6</ce:inf> branched alkenes and C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">6</ce:inf>-C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">8</ce:inf> unsaturated fatty alcohols. Additionally, gaseous products include a high yield of butene. Comparative studies indicate that combining CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> plasma with zeolite synergistically increases reaction rates and alters product compositions. Product selectivity was strongly dependent on reaction conditions, including plasma power, gas flow rates, reactor temperature, and catalyst loading. This process was applicable to common polyolefins and post-consumer polyethylene, indicating that the plasma-catalytic approach has promising potential to valorize waste plastics and greenhouse gas CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> into versatile chemicals.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147587163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and simulation-based comparative performance analysis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) treatment in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) and covered lagoon system: Insights from industrial applications","authors":"Sobitha A.P. Lavarajah, Yi Jing Chan, Yoke Kin Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148113","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the first simulation-based comparison of CSTR and covered lagoon for biogas production from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using anaerobic digestion (AD), integrating simulation, optimization, and economic evaluation. Simulations using SuperPro Designer software were validated against two years of industrial plant data, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), and biogas composition. Results show that CSTR generates 44% more biogas than covered lagoon with the same POME feed. Optimization identified optimal CSTR operating conditions at 76% recirculation and an organic loading rate (OLR) of 4.3 kg/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup>·day, yielding 23,684 m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup>/day of biogas with a methane yield of 0.33 m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup> CH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf>/kgCOD<ce:inf loc=\"post\">removed</ce:inf>. Economic analysis showed a net present value (NPV) of $16.75 million and a 4.02-year payback, confirming technical and financial viability. The CSTR outperforms the covered lagoon with a 30.95% higher methane yield, 3.2% greater COD removal, 21.6% lower equipment volume, and a 25.5% smaller footprint, improving space utilization and process efficiency. These findings provide actionable insights into system trade-offs and serve as a guide for palm oil mills in selecting suitable technologies for biogas production. While covered lagoons remain a lower-cost option for capital-constrained mills, CSTRs offer better long-term performance and sustainability. Future research should focus on integrating advanced effluent polishing processes to replace conventional multi-pond treatment systems to further enhance environmental sustainability.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147587168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cycle efficiency and economic analysis of the Ca-looping thermochemical Carnot battery for coal-fired power plants","authors":"Yang Ding, Shengjie Zhu, Hanwen Wang, Bingqing Liu, Xiang Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148142","url":null,"abstract":"Against the backdrop of the global energy transition, the increasing share of renewable energy poses greater demands on grid flexibility. This paper proposes three Ca-looping thermochemical Carnot battery models for the flexibility retrofit of supercritical coal-fired power plants, enabling dedicated electrical storage, combined thermal and electrical storage, and stable discharge of either electric or thermal energy. Based on the HEATSEP framework and an improved pinch analysis incorporating exergy information, a multi-objective genetic algorithm was developed to evaluate the thermodynamic and economic performance of Carnot batteries operating with different gas working fluids. Results indicate that in pure electrical storage and discharge scenarios, the argon cycle performs best overall, achieving an electrical cycle efficiency of 0.44 and a dynamic payback period of 10.54 years. This model can directly absorb renewable electricity. When solely considering power plant retrofit, the combined thermal and electrical storage model using air as the working fluid proves more competitive. Its efficiency-sensitive (electrical discharge) and investment-sensitive (thermal discharge) configurations achieve cycle efficiencies of 0.44 and 0.37, with dynamic payback periods of 9.0 and 8.1 years, respectively. The Carnot battery can also be extended to integrated solar photovoltaic and photothermal power stations, and demonstrates potential advantages for integrating renewable electricity, which can be intuitively compared with existing commercial energy storage solutions.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147587478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into divalent metal ions removal by sludge-derived porous carbon: Thermal evolution and synergistic adsorption at multi-active sites","authors":"Wenping Zhang ,&nbsp;Shihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Liang He ,&nbsp;Yihao Li ,&nbsp;Yong Wen ,&nbsp;Zilian Liu ,&nbsp;Rongrong Miao ,&nbsp;Huajing Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Converting industrial solid wastes into efficient adsorbents for heavy metal ions via thermal processing represents a promising yet challenged strategy, often limited by low efficiency, complex mechanisms, and undefined inter-site interactions. Herein, a Ca/Al/Si-rich paper mill sludge (PS) was transformed into a multiple active sites-coordinated porous carbon (PSC₈₅₀) via controlled high-temperature activation. Despite micropore collapse above 750 °C, high-temperature treatment promoted CaCO₃ decomposition into reactive Ca(OH)₂, CaS and exposed <em>α</em>-Al₂O₃/<em>α</em>-SiO₂ phases, establishing a hierarchical adsorption mechanism dominated by chemical precipitation, ion exchange, and surface complexation. PSC₈₅₀ achieved maximum adsorption capacities of 1063.0, 252.6, and 247.6 mg g⁻¹ for Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Cd²⁺ in single-ion systems, respectively, with near-complete removal across pH 3-6. In competitive multi-component systems, Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ retain high capacities (290.1 and 214.0 mg g⁻¹), overcoming persistent limitations of site masking and pH limitations of conventional solid waste-derived adsorbents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"553 ","pages":"Article 147992"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147461842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A green bio-cementation strategy based on microbially induced carbonate precipitation for preventing leachate leakage during the in-situ leaching of ionic rare earth ores","authors":"Kaijian Hu ,&nbsp;Yuzhou Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Dong ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Wang ,&nbsp;Shirong Cao ,&nbsp;Songtao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lack of bedrock at the bottom of stopes can lead to leachate leakage during the in-situ leaching of ionic rare earth ores, resulting in the loss of rare earth resources and environmental pollution. To address these issues, this study utilized microorganisms to induce green bio-cement for solidifying the soil at the bottom of such stopes. We investigated the effects of the cementation solution (CS) concentration (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mol/L) and the bacterial solution (BS) to CS injection frequency ratio (1:1, 1:2, 1:3) on the properties of bio-cemented samples. The analyzed properties included calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) content, permeability coefficient, disintegration coefficient, hardened layer thickness, and microstructure. The results showed that microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology significantly enhanced the impermeability and structural stability of the rare earth ore samples. The permeability coefficient of the samples decreased continuously with increasing CS concentration and injection frequency. In contrast, the disintegration coefficient exhibited a trend of first decreasing and then increasing; while the CaCO₃ content and hardened layer thickness showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The optimal performance was achieved with a CS concentration of 1.0 mol/L and a BS:CS injection ratio of 1:2. Under these conditions, the CaCO₃ content reached 18.28%, the permeability coefficient decreased by 99.32%, the hardened layer thickness was 39.59 mm, and the disintegration coefficient was only 5.1%. Analyses using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the precipitated CaCO₃ crystals effectively bridged adjacent rare earth particles and filled soil pores, with crystal sizes up to approximately 60 μm. This study confirms the feasibility of bio-cementation for sealing the base of ionic rare earth ore stopes, providing a novel strategy to prevent leachate leakage and mitigate environmental pollution. These findings offer valuable insights for promoting the green mining of ionic rare earths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"553 ","pages":"Article 148021"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147549205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling artificial photosynthesis: Economic and operational triumphs of photoelectrochemical-enriched solar hydrogen plants","authors":"Jing Dang ,&nbsp;Meng Qi ,&nbsp;Jeongdong Kim ,&nbsp;Jonggeol Na ,&nbsp;Yi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production has long been recognized as a promising pathway for coupling solar energy with green hydrogen generation. This study reviews the development of scale-up PEC hydrogen production, from laboratory prototypes to potential scale-up deployment. Most previous studies focused on stand-alone PEC reactors or idealized solar conditions, leaving system-level integration and real-world performance largely unexplored. To address this, we develop a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model using hourly solar irradiance data from northern China. Three PEC architectures, Single, Side-by-Side, and Stacked, are systematically evaluated under two operational demand scenarios: a H₂-only demand scenario and a co-demand scenario considering both H₂ and electricity. The results show that Stacked PEC achieves the lowest levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH, ∼$11/kg), reducing costs by 5-10% compared to a traditional photovoltaic-driven electrolyzer (PV-EC) system and improving both economic performance and system resilience. The co-demand scenario considering both H₂ and electricity mode further enhances renewable energy utilization (5-15%), though it introduces additional dispatch complexity. PEC dominates daytime supply, while battery and hydrogen tank storage buffer night-time and short-term volatility. Sensitivity analysis identifies H₂ demand certainty and PV–EC capital cost as the most influential economic factors, with PEC, battery, and electricity price having secondary effects. Overall, this study offers a system-level blueprint for the practical deployment of PEC-enriched hybrid energy systems. PEC-enriched system improves energy matching, reduces dependence on PV-EC system, and provides a scalable, resilient, and cost-effective pathway for green hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"553 ","pages":"Article 147975"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147549533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled impacts of land-use change and channel roughness evolution on flood processes in an alpine source region of the Yangtze River","authors":"Jiajia Yue ,&nbsp;Chun Zhou ,&nbsp;Xinmeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Tingting Jiang ,&nbsp;Li Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accelerating global change is reshaping alpine hydrology through interconnected climatic and human drivers. However, the synergistic impacts of land-use change and channel roughness evolution on flood regimes remain elusive. This study utilized a distributed BTOP hydrological model in the upper Jinsha River Basin to quantify runoff responses under three scenarios: land-use change (LUC), river roughness change (RRC), and their combined effects (COMB). LUC was derived from a PLUS-based land-use simulation, while RRC employed an HLL-coupled Dynamic Roughness Model (HLL-DRM), enabling a physically consistent assessment of surface and hydraulic alterations. Results show that LUC modulates runoff generation, triggering initial flood-peak attenuation followed by a subsequent recovery phase. Conversely, RRC primarily accelerates flood-wave propagation, advancing peak timing by 2–3 h due to reduced hydraulic resistance, particularly in downstream reaches. Under COMB, land-surface and hydraulic changes interact nonlinearly, resulting in global flood attenuation coupled with localized peak amplification. These influences form a dual regulatory mechanism that decouples flood volume from propagation speed. By explicitly linking land-use dynamics with hydraulic evolution, this framework advances understanding of nonlinear flood responses in alpine basins, providing insights for climate-resilient management through dynamic roughness and high-resolution land-use data integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"553 ","pages":"Article 148004"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147549528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanisms of hazardous air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions from China's copper industry","authors":"Lu Chen ,&nbsp;Yuwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Feng Han ,&nbsp;Yuzhao Cui ,&nbsp;Huiying Yang ,&nbsp;Huitian Duan ,&nbsp;Shuai Li ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Cui ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Zhaojie Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid expansion of China's copper industry has led to significant emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) and greenhouse gas (GHG). Existing emission inventories are largely based on aggregated or single-perspective assessments, lacking an integrated characterization of multiple HAPs and GHG emissions. This limitation constrains the spatiotemporally explicit identification of key emission sources and the assessment of synergistic mitigation potential under the “pollution reduction and carbon mitigation” framework. To address this gap, this study establishes the first comprehensive emission inventory for HAPs and GHG in China's copper industry, featuring both long-term dynamic estimates and high-resolution facility-level characterization for recent years, based on a bottom-up framework with localized dynamic emission factors. Results reveal a progressive decoupling of production growth from emissions, with the emissions of GHG, SO₂, NO_x, and trace elements (TEs) reaching 14.5 Mt, 80.7 kt, 21.8 kt, and 0.5 kt by 2021, respectively. Spatial analysis shows that traditional production bases remain key emission sources, while emerging hubs face challenges in controlling GHG, NO_x and TEs during capacity expansion. Smelting is the main control node for most pollutants, while the environmental impact of secondary smelting is increasing, highlighting the importance of raw material pretreatment and quality control. Although end-of-pipe measures remain the primary mitigation approach, their marginal benefits are declining. NO_x control technologies remain insufficient, and GHG reduction still relies heavily on energy efficiency and power sector decarbonization. A multi-level control framework integrating technological upgrades, region-specific governance, and production structure optimization is recommended to address complex pollution challenges during the green and low-carbon transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"553 ","pages":"Article 148026"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147549534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrate green into manufacturing? The impact of green factory certification on corporate green technology convergence in China","authors":"Zhikang Deng,&nbsp;Wugan Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China's Green Manufacturing plays a key role in advancing the green transformation of the manufacturing sector. This study investigates whether green manufacturing facilitates corporate green technology convergence (CGTC). Building on the calculation of CGTC levels and leveraging the green factory certification (GFC) as a quasi-natural experiment, we analyze the impact of the GFC on CGTC using a staggered difference-in-differences approach. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between the GFC and CGTC. Moreover, the attention of stakeholders such as media, investors, and downstream customers is a prominent impact path. Moderating effect test indicates that mandatory environmental regulation positively moderates the GFC’ impact in regions with low certification rates. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the GFC’ effect is more pronounced among firms with weaker reputations, lower financing constraints, higher cash rewards, and those exposure to dynamic certification adjustment. Finally, we reveal that firms may adopt strategic CGTC behaviors to address the periodic review. Furthermore, the GFC improves firms' ESG performance, particularly in environmental and governance dimensions. Based on these findings, we propose specific implications, including expanding the GFC coverage, strengthening information disclosure and dynamic adjustment mechanisms, introducing tiered reward measures, and incorporating social contribution metrics into the scoring framework of the GFC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"553 ","pages":"Article 148015"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147461843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}