Dawei Che, J. Bird, Alex Hagmüller, Md Emrad Hossain
{"title":"An Adjustable Stiffness Torsional Magnetic Spring with a Linear Stroke Length","authors":"Dawei Che, J. Bird, Alex Hagmüller, Md Emrad Hossain","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595267","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the analysis, mechanical design, and proof-of-principle experimental testing of a new type of adjustable stiffness torsional magnetic spring for an ocean generator application. Unlike prior published designs the rotary magnetic spring is shown to have a highly linear adjustable stroke length. The presented torsional spring is experimentally shown to be able to create a ± 45° angular stroke range with a peak torque of ± 39.1 N·m. The stiffness is adjusted by using a stepper motor to axially adjust the axial magnet offset. The stepper motor contains a brake so that power is not expended when maintaining a desired spring stiffness. It is shown that by using a series spring arrangement the stroke length can be extended to ± 90°.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124980350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Coil Connection Switching Strategy for Maximum Power Delivery in Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvesting System","authors":"Hongfei Xiao, Han Peng, Jiayong Yuan","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595410","url":null,"abstract":"Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) approaches have been widely applied in energy harvesting systems. However, such control algorithms such as Perturb-and Observe (P&O) method usually require DSP or customized control ICs. This leads to high power consumption and high cost. This paper proposes a novel strategy to realize max. power delivery through coil connection switch approach where the input impedances and voltage/current levels are adjusted according to different output voltages. A single stage AC-DC dual boost converter is employed with fixed duty cycle to charge a super-capacitor load to verify the concept. Three sets of harvester coils are used and are connected in either parallel or series. The switch of coil connections is realized through isolated analog switches. It is demonstrated that the harvester with dual boost converter under proposed strategy achieves an maximum output power of 3.628 mW in 0.2 g acceleration, which is 41.7% higher than same converter without coil connection switching. With proposed method, the output power reaches to 98.7% of the output power with traditional P&O MPPT strategy. It also achieves higher efficiency and more compact system size than traditional P&O MPPT.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125077200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X. Dang, S. Pan, Xicai Pan, Jinwu Gong, Xiaolu Ge, Jingxiang Shi, Minglong Wang, L. Hao, Pengxin Jin
{"title":"A Decentralized Adaptive Voltage Regulation Control Strategy Based on A Novel Modular Three-Phase Integrated PV Inverter","authors":"X. Dang, S. Pan, Xicai Pan, Jinwu Gong, Xiaolu Ge, Jingxiang Shi, Minglong Wang, L. Hao, Pengxin Jin","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595996","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, cascaded H-bridges have attracted interest for applications in photovoltaic. As applications evolve to higher voltage levels, the number of cascaded sub-modules will be large, which needs complex communication and brings great challenge to the control system. In order to solve the power mismatch problem, the existing control method will also greatly increase the complexity of the control system. This paper proposes a decentralized control strategy based on a modular three-phase integrated PV inverter. The characteristic of the modular topology makes the interphase power mismatch completely avoided. And the MPPT operating range of cascaded system under the severe inter-bridge power mismatch is greatly extended by using the proposed decentralized adaptive voltage regulation control strategy that dynamically adjusting the DC-link voltage of the sub-module’s H-bridge. The feasibility of the proposed strategy is verified by simulation.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125138406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Zeng, A. Maswood, J. Pou, Xin Zhang, Changjiang Sun, Zhan Li, S. Mukherjee, A. Gupta, Jiaxin Dong
{"title":"Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Input Voltage Sharing Method for Input-Series Output-Parallel Dual Active Bridge Converter in DC Microgrids","authors":"Yu Zeng, A. Maswood, J. Pou, Xin Zhang, Changjiang Sun, Zhan Li, S. Mukherjee, A. Gupta, Jiaxin Dong","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595137","url":null,"abstract":"The input-series output-parallel connected dual active bridge (ISOP-DAB) converter is an attractive solution to connect medium-voltage dc (MVdc) and low-voltage dc (LVdc) grids. This paper proposes an input voltage sharing (IVS) control algorithm for a multi-agent (MA) ISOP-DAB converter based on the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method. Compared with other methods, the proposed control algorithm can regulate the output voltage and ensure the IVS of the ISOPDAB converter adaptively in real-time. Real-time simulations in OP5600 validate that the proposed algorithm has good dynamic performance.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125814790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang He, Xun Wang, Junming Zhang, Shuai Shao, Han Li, Cheng Luo
{"title":"Analysis on Static Current Sharing of N-Paralleled Silicon Carbide MOSFETs","authors":"Yang He, Xun Wang, Junming Zhang, Shuai Shao, Han Li, Cheng Luo","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595666","url":null,"abstract":"The influences of on-resistances and parasitic elements on the static current sharing of N-paralleled discrete silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs are analyzed in this paper. First of all, the limitation of self-balancing effect of MOSFETs caused by the positive temperature dependent on-resistance is quantitatively analyzed. From a statistical analysis, the current sharing distribution according to the spread of on-resistances is presented, which helps to screen the proper devices based on the current sharing requirement. Furthermore, a general circuit model is proposed to analyze the effect of inevitable circuit parasitic elements on current sharing with a given current slew rate. With the recursive circuit model, current imbalance contributed by parasitic resistances and inductances can be separately calculated, which can be used to guide the hardware design to improve current sharing in a real converter. The theoretical analysis is verified by experimental results.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126026849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anatolii Tcai, T. Wijekoon, Jun-Hyung Jung, M. Liserre
{"title":"Quasi-Reference PWM for 3-level Voltage Source Inverters","authors":"Anatolii Tcai, T. Wijekoon, Jun-Hyung Jung, M. Liserre","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595289","url":null,"abstract":"3-Level Voltage Source Inverters (3L-VSI) have emerged as effective approach to achieve high efficiency and better harmonic distortion performance. As a State-of-Art (SoA), two types of carrier arrangement methods are used for carrier-based pulse width modulation (PWM), namely, phase disposition (PD) and alternate phase opposite disposition (APOD). PD PWM gives better performance in terms of current quality and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) whereas, APOD PWM is more effective for suppression of Common-Mode Voltage (CMV) with the expense of increased THD. In this paper, a novel Quasi-reference PWM method for 3L-VSIs is presented which results in low CMV as that of the APOD along with the reduced THD. The proposed method can be considered as a distinct trade-off between the two SoA methods, which maintains the merits of both. This paper presents the detail analysis and experimental verification of the proposed PWM technique.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123589448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Awal, Md Rifat Kaisar Rachi, Md Rashed Hassan Bipu, Hui Yu, I. Husain
{"title":"Adaptive Pre-Synchronization and Discrete-Time Implementation for Unified Virtual Oscillator Control","authors":"M. Awal, Md Rifat Kaisar Rachi, Md Rashed Hassan Bipu, Hui Yu, I. Husain","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595171","url":null,"abstract":"Unified virtual oscillator controller (uVOC) is a nonlinear time-domain controller which offers robust synchronization and enhanced fault ride-through for grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) converters without the need for switching to a back-up controller. An adaptive pre-synchronization method is proposed for uVOC to enable smooth start-up and seamless connection to an existing grid/network with non-nominal frequency and/or voltage magnitude at the point of coupling (PoC). Furthermore, we evaluate the efficacy of different discretization methods for discrete-time (DT) implementation of the nonlinear dynamics of uVOC and demonstrate that zero-order-hold (ZOH) discretization fails at sampling frequencies up to tens of kHz. DT implementation of uVOC using second-order Runge-Kutta method is presented, which offers a reasonsable compromise between computational overhead and discretization accuracy. In addition, an inductor (L) or an inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) type input filter used in typical voltage source converter (VSC) applications leads to voltage deviation at the converter output terminal depending on the power flow. A terminal voltage compensator (TVC) for such voltage deviation is proposed. The efficacy of the proposed methods are demonstrated through laboratory hardware experiments.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123686130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a Test Rig for Fault Studies on a scaled-down DFIG","authors":"E. Hamatwi, P. Barendse, Azeem Khan","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595739","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an experimental test rig has been set up based on a 5kW wound rotor induction machine (WRIM) that was developed and built in the university laboratory as a scaled-down version of a typical 2.5MW doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), with the main aim of conducting various fault studies on the developed micromachine. To achieve this, the scaled-down machine has been customized by modifying the stator and rotor windings such that various inter-turn winding fault conditions may be achieved at different severities. Moreover, the micromachine has also been modified to make it possible to implement a static eccentricity fault. The dimensional analysis & scaling methodology that was used to scale down the large scale DFIG into the micromachine has been briefly discussed in this paper. To evaluate the performance of the developed test rig, experiments have been carried out by separately implementing the stator and rotor inter-turn short circuit faults (ITSCFs) as well as the static eccentricity (SE) fault on the micromachine and capturing the real-time stator current signals for further analysis in MATLAB, in an attempt to diagnose the presence of these faults using the conventional motor current signature analysis (MCSA). The results obtained from the stator current spectral analysis have demonstrated that the presence of a stator ITSCF, rotor ITSCF and SE fault in the micromachine gave rise to additional frequency harmonic components in the stator current spectrum. Moreover, it was observed that the magnitudes of the fault-related frequency components increased as the interturn winding fault severity was increased. Therefore, the developed test rig can be successfully used for further fault studies and ultimately develop advanced and novel fault diagnosis techniques.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125246778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Liu, Ezequiel Rodriguez, G. Farivar, J. Pou, S. Ceballos, C. Townsend, R. Leyva
{"title":"Discontinuous Modulation of Cascaded H-Bridge StatComs Considering Capacitor Voltage Oscillations","authors":"Q. Liu, Ezequiel Rodriguez, G. Farivar, J. Pou, S. Ceballos, C. Townsend, R. Leyva","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595443","url":null,"abstract":"This paper formulates a discontinuous modulation (DM) technique for cascaded H-bridge (CHB) static compensators (StatComs) with star configuration. In the CHB StatComs, capacitor voltage (CV) oscillations cannot be disregarded when using relatively small dc-link capacitors. For this reason, in this paper, DM is achieved by injecting a zero-sequence voltage (ZSV) that takes into account the inherent CV oscillations. Then, the coupling that exists between the CV waveforms and the injected ZSV is analyzed. Particularly, the steady-state reference signals for the CHB StatCom operated discontinuously are analytically calculated. The practicability of the proposed DM technique is verified experimentally.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125275711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electret: A Solution to Partial Discharge in Power Electronics Applications","authors":"F. Haque, Omar Faruqe, Chanyeop Park","doi":"10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595237","url":null,"abstract":"Wide bandgap (WBG) power electronics converters (PEC) that enable high voltage, high dv/dt, and high-power density inevitably contain sharp edges, triple points, and cavities in their design, which result in local electric field enhancements. The intensified local electric stresses cause partial discharge (PD) that erodes electrical insulators and causes accelerated device failure. In this study, a new approach that utilizes electrets for PD mitigation is presented. We experimentally show that incorporating electret fabricated from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film based on widely used triode-corona charging method neutralizes local electric fields and mitigates PD that occurs in and around triple points and cavities.","PeriodicalId":349891,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125488600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}