Clinical Biochemist Reviews最新文献_第6页

Achievements and Future Directions of the APFCB Mass Spectrometry Harmonisation Project on Serum Testosterone. 亚太食品添加剂理事会血清睾酮质谱协调项目的成就和未来方向。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2016-05-01

Ronda F Greaves, Chung S Ho, Kirsten E Hoad, John Joseph, Brett McWhinney, Janice P Gill, Therese Koal, Chris Fouracre, Heidi P Iu, Brian R Cooke, Conchita Boyder, Hai T Pham, Lisa M Jolly

{"title":"Achievements and Future Directions of the APFCB Mass Spectrometry Harmonisation Project on Serum Testosterone.","authors":"Ronda F Greaves, Chung S Ho, Kirsten E Hoad, John Joseph, Brett McWhinney, Janice P Gill, Therese Koal, Chris Fouracre, Heidi P Iu, Brian R Cooke, Conchita Boyder, Hai T Pham, Lisa M Jolly","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"As an outcome of the 2010 Asian Pacific Conference for Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry in Hong Kong, a collaborative working group was formed to promote the harmonisation of mass spectrometry methods. The Mass Spectrometry Harmonisation Working Group resides under the combined auspices of the Asia-Pacific Federation for Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine (APFCB) and the Australasian Association of Clinical Biochemists (AACB). A decision was made to initially focus attention on serum steroids due to the common interest of members in this area; with the first steroid to assess being testosterone. In principle, full standardisation with traceability should be achievable for all steroids as they are small compounds with defined molecular weight and structure. In order to achieve this we need certified reference materials, reference methods, reference laboratories, reference intervals and external quality assurance programs; each being an important pillar in the process. When all the pillars are present, such as for serum testosterone, it is feasible to fully standardise the liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. In a collaborative process with interested stakeholders, we commenced on a pathway to provide ongoing assessment and seek opportunities for improvement in the LC-MS/MS methods for serum steroids. Here we discuss the outcomes to date and major challenges related to the accurate measurement of serum steroids with a focus on serum testosterone.","PeriodicalId":34924,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biochemist Reviews","volume":"37 2","pages":"63-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198509/pdf/cbr-37-63.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34820511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute Kidney Injury: Definition, Pathophysiology and Clinical Phenotypes. 急性肾损伤:定义、病理生理和临床表型。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2016-05-01

Konstantinos Makris, Loukia Spanou

引用次数: 0

The Regulation of Iron Absorption and Homeostasis. 铁吸收和平衡的调节。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2016-05-01

Daniel F Wallace

{"title":"The Regulation of Iron Absorption and Homeostasis.","authors":"Daniel F Wallace","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Iron is an essential element in biology, required for numerous cellular processes. Either too much or too little iron can be detrimental, and organisms have developed mechanisms for balancing iron within safe limits. In mammals there are no controlled mechanisms for the excretion of excess iron, hence body iron homeostasis is regulated at the sites of absorption, utilisation and recycling. This review will discuss the discoveries that have been made in the past 20 years into advancing our understanding of iron homeostasis and its regulation. The study of iron-associated disorders, such as the iron overload condition hereditary haemochromatosis and various forms of anaemia have been instrumental in increasing our knowledge in this area, as have cellular and animal model studies. The liver has emerged as the major site of systemic iron regulation, being the location where the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin is produced. Hepcidin is a negative regulator of iron absorption and recycling, achieving this by binding to the only known cellular iron exporter ferroportin and causing its internalisation and degradation, thereby reducing iron efflux from target cells and reducing serum iron levels. Much of the research in the iron metabolism field has focussed on the regulation of hepcidin and its interaction with ferroportin. The advances in this area have greatly increased our knowledge of iron metabolism and its regulation and have led to the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics for iron-associated disorders.","PeriodicalId":34924,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biochemist Reviews","volume":"37 2","pages":"51-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198508/pdf/cbr-37-51.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34820510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Androgen Receptor Structure, Function and Biology: From Bench to Bedside. 雄激素受体结构、功能和生物学：从工作台到病床。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2016-02-01

Rachel A Davey, Mathis Grossmann

{"title":"Androgen Receptor Structure, Function and Biology: From Bench to Bedside.","authors":"Rachel A Davey, Mathis Grossmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The actions of androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are mediated via the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factor and member of the steroid hormone nuclear receptor family. Given its widespread expression in many cells and tissues, the AR has a diverse range of biological actions including important roles in the development and maintenance of the reproductive, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, immune, neural and haemopoietic systems. AR signalling may also be involved in the development of tumours in the prostate, bladder, liver, kidney and lung. Androgens can exert their actions via the AR in a DNA binding-dependent manner to regulate target gene transcription, or in a non-DNA binding-dependent manner to initiate rapid, cellular events such as the phosphorylation of 2(nd) messenger signalling cascades. More recently, ligand-independent actions of the AR have also been identified. Given the large volume of studies relating to androgens and the AR, this review is not intended as an extensive review of all studies investigating the AR, but rather as an overview of the structure, function, signalling pathways and biology of the AR as well as its important role in clinical medicine, with emphasis on recent developments in this field. ","PeriodicalId":34924,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biochemist Reviews","volume":"37 1","pages":"3-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4810760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Age-Calibrated Definition of Chronic Kidney Disease: Rationale and Benefits. 慢性肾病的年龄校准定义：理由和益处。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2016-02-01

Pierre Delanaye, Richard J Glassock, Hans Pottel, Andrew D Rule

{"title":"An Age-Calibrated Definition of Chronic Kidney Disease: Rationale and Benefits.","authors":"Pierre Delanaye, Richard J Glassock, Hans Pottel, Andrew D Rule","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Defining chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the subject of intense debate in the current nephrology literature. The debate concerns the threshold value of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) used to make the diagnosis of CKD. Current recommendations argue that a universal threshold of 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) should be used. This threshold has been defended by epidemiological studies showing that the risk of mortality or end-stage renal disease increases with an eGFR below 60 mL/min/1.73m(2). However, a universal threshold does not take into account the physiologic decline in GFR with ageing nor does it account for the risk of mortality and end-stage renal disease being trivial with isolated eGFR levels just below 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) in older subjects and significantly increased with eGFR levels just above 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) among younger patients. Overestimation of the CKD prevalence in the elderly (medicalisation of senescence) and underestimation of CKD (potentially from treatable primary nephrologic diseases) in younger patients is of primary concern. An age-calibrated definition of CKD has been proposed to distinguish age-related from disease-related changes in eGFR. For patients younger than 40 years, CKD is defined by eGFR below 75 mL/min/1.73m(2). For patients with ages between 40 and 65 years, CKD is defined by 60 mL/min/1.73m(2). For subjects older than 65 years without albuminuria or proteinuria, CKD is defined by eGFR below 45 mL/min/1.73m(2). ","PeriodicalId":34924,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biochemist Reviews","volume":"37 1","pages":"17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4810758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Consensus Statement for the Management and Communication of High Risk Laboratory Results. 高风险化验结果的管理与沟通共识声明》（Consensus Statement for the Management and Communication of High Risk Laboratory Results）。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2015-08-01

Craig Campbell, Grahame Caldwell, Penelope Coates, Robert Flatman, Andrew Georgiou, Andrea Rita Horvath, Que Lam, Hans Schneider

引用次数: 0

Collective Opinion Paper on a 2013 AACB Workshop of Experts seeking Harmonisation of Approaches to Setting a Laboratory Quality Control Policy. 关于 2013 年 AACB 专家研讨会的集体意见书，寻求统一制定实验室质量控制政策的方法。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2015-08-01

Graham Jones, John Calleja, Douglas Chesher, Curtis Parvin, John Yundt-Pacheco, Mark Mackay, Tony Badrick

引用次数: 0

Steroid Receptor-Associated Immunophilins: A Gateway to Steroid Signalling. 类固醇受体相关的亲免疫蛋白:类固醇信号传导的通道。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2015-05-01

Thomas Ratajczak, Carmel Cluning, Bryan K Ward

引用次数: 0

Regional Variation in Analytical Techniques used in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Porphyria: a Case for Harmonisation? 在卟啉症诊断和监测中使用的分析技术的区域差异:一个协调的案例?

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2015-05-01

Christiaan W Sies, Virginia Cronin, Christopher M Florkowski, Jan Gill, Janine Grant, Victor Poulos, John Zoanetti

{"title":"Regional Variation in Analytical Techniques used in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Porphyria: a Case for Harmonisation?","authors":"Christiaan W Sies, Virginia Cronin, Christopher M Florkowski, Jan Gill, Janine Grant, Victor Poulos, John Zoanetti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA) Porphyrin Quality Assurance Program assesses the measurement of urine, faecal, plasma and whole blood porphyrins and their components plus urinary porphobilinogen and delta aminolaevulinic acid and has laboratories enrolled from around the world. It was observed that there was a wide scatter in results submitted to some subsections of the program.Methods: A detailed questionnaire covering the analytical techniques used in the diagnosis of porphyria was sent to all laboratories enrolled in the RCPA Porphyrin Quality Assurance Program. Additionally, self-enrolment data over a five year period was examined for trends/changes in standardisation, reagent sources and analytical technique.Results: Twenty of the 45 laboratories enrolled in the Porphyrin Quality Assurance Program completed the survey, providing a snapshot of the analytical techniques used world-wide. Post survey self enrolment data indicated only little or no noticeable changes to analytical standardisation of techniques despite the continual lack of agreement of results in subsections of the External Quality Assurance program.Conclusions: While some aspects of porphyria testing are relatively consistent between laboratories, other diagnostic techniques vary widely. A wide variety of individualised reference intervals and reporting techniques is currently in use world-wide. While most of the participants in the survey are regional reference centres specialising in the diagnosis of porphyria and, as such, their diagnostic capability is not in question, international guidelines or global harmonisation of analytical techniques should allow better inter-laboratory comparisons to be made, ultimately improving diagnostic accuracy.","PeriodicalId":34924,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biochemist Reviews","volume":"36 2","pages":"63-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4504156/pdf/cbr-36-63.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33881509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adventures with Creatinine and eGFR - A National, International and Personal Story - AACB Roman Lecture 2014. 冒险与肌酐和eGFR -一个国家，国际和个人的故事- AACB罗马讲座2014。

Clinical Biochemist Reviews Pub Date : 2015-05-01

Graham R D Jones

{"title":"Adventures with Creatinine and eGFR - A National, International and Personal Story - AACB Roman Lecture 2014.","authors":"Graham R D Jones","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In Australia and New Zealand today there is a commonality in all laboratories in many areas of testing related to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). These include creatinine assay standardisation, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) reporting and the use of common units for serum creatinine and eGFR. This is supported by a single definition for diagnosis and staging of CKD, agreed indications for who and how to test together with detailed advice on test interpretation and patient management provided by our nephrology colleagues. These outcomes are the product of a decade of effort within Australia and New Zealand with collaboration between clinical disciplines and amongst laboratories. These local activities have been based on and supported by international actions in assay standardisation, eGFR formula development, understanding of clinical outcomes and guideline development. It is my belief that the local implementation of the current laboratory-based CKD testing processes is an outstanding example of good laboratory practice. This paper outlines the local and international activities and provides a view of my personal adventures with creatinine and eGFR. ","PeriodicalId":34924,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biochemist Reviews","volume":"36 2","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4504157/pdf/cbr36-75.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33881511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0