Indian Journal of Labour Economics最新文献_第3页

Bengali Migrant Workers in South India: A Mixed-Method Inquiry into Their Earnings, Livings and Struggle During Covid Pandemic. 南印度的孟加拉移民工人:新冠疫情期间他们的收入、生活和斗争的混合方法调查。

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-022-00374-w

Monalisha Chakraborty, Subrata Mukherjee, Priyanka Dasgupta

{"title":"Bengali Migrant Workers in South India: A Mixed-Method Inquiry into Their Earnings, Livings and Struggle During Covid Pandemic.","authors":"Monalisha Chakraborty, Subrata Mukherjee, Priyanka Dasgupta","doi":"10.1007/s41027-022-00374-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-022-00374-w","url":null,"abstract":"This study has tried to compare the earning and non-earning aspects of migrant workers from West Bengal engaged in different types of work in Karnataka and Kerala based on survey of 111 Bengali-speaking migrant workers and a number of in-depth interviews and FGDs. The study has found that most of the migrant workers landed in south India only after working in Kolkata, northern or western Indian cities. Lack of regular employment opportunities and low-wage rate in rural as well as urban West Bengal are the dominant reasons for their migration. Hostile social environment and increasing earning uncertainties in northern and western Indian cities along with higher-wage rate in south India are reasons for the migrant workers shifting to south India. On an average, they earn Rs. 1.7 lakhs annually and are able to send almost two-thirds of their earnings as remittances. Except the rag pickers in Bengaluru, all other migrant workers live without their families at destination locations. The living conditions of the migrant workers, especially the rag pickers, are poor. Continuous inflow of migrant workers from eastern and north-eastern India is now a challenge for the incumbent Bengali migrant workers in south India; however, majority of them are not willing to return to West Bengal in future. The pandemic and successive rounds of lockdown in destination and home states have unsettled their lives. Not only their income has fallen, getting job and movement across different destination locations has become uncertain too. They have now hardly any resource to cope up with this continuing uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"425-443"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9208344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40399702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

How Comparable are India's Labour Market Surveys? 印度劳动力市场调查的可比性如何?

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-17 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-022-00381-x

Rosa Abraham, Anand Shrivastava

{"title":"How Comparable are India's Labour Market Surveys?","authors":"Rosa Abraham, Anand Shrivastava","doi":"10.1007/s41027-022-00381-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-022-00381-x","url":null,"abstract":"The Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy's (CMIE) Consumer Pyramid Household surveys have emerged as an important source of regular labour market data for India. Given the differences in methods in data collection between the CMIE and official employment sources, it becomes exceedingly important to establish some comparability between the government and the CMIE datasets. With the release of the official Periodic Labour Force Surveys for 2017-18, we now have an overlap between the official datasets and CMIE datasets. In this paper, we examine the extent of comparability of labour force estimates from these two datasets. We find that employment estimates for men are broadly comparable. However, for women, there is a consistent divergence, with CMIE estimates of women's workforce participation lower than that of NSS-PLFS. We find that irrespective of the reference period used in the PLFS estimation of employment statuses, there is no convergence with the CMIE employment estimate for women's employment. Moreover, the mismatch in CMIE-PLFS estimates occurs across all types of women's employment and irrespective of what reference period of employment (in official data) is used.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"321-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9288665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40535575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Distress Migration and Involuntary Return During Pandemic in Assam: Characteristics and Determinants. 阿萨姆邦流行病期间的痛苦迁移和非自愿返回:特征和决定因素。

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-022-00392-8

Girimallika Borah

{"title":"Distress Migration and Involuntary Return During Pandemic in Assam: Characteristics and Determinants.","authors":"Girimallika Borah","doi":"10.1007/s41027-022-00392-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-022-00392-8","url":null,"abstract":"Novel Coronavirus disease and the resulting lockdown has created a unique situation of involuntary return migration among labourers in India. It provided a stage for conducting a retrospective study to analyse determinants of return behaviour among internal migrants upon their return. The aim of the paper is to carry out an empirical verification of socio-economic profile of migrant workers, information about destination, determinants of return migration, and future aspirations of the return migrants. Based on a telephonic semi-structured open-ended questionnaire-based survey conducted in February and March 2021 among 238 non-returnees and return migrants of Sonitpur District of Assam, we found that four states from South India, namely-Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala, are the most attractive destinations for migrants from Sonitpur. The bulk of the migrants are young, unmarried men with minimal education, and majority come from households with no cultivable land. About 30% of the returnees went back to their previous destinations within a year, while a sizable portion of non-returnees are willing to return. Not all migrants returned home during pandemic. After controlling for all variables, it was revealed that the percentage of income sent as remittances, the availability of a job card by migrants' households, status of family migration, income, and the number of working days per week are all significantly related to migrants' decision to return. We suggest a hypothesis based on the observations that during times of crisis, migrants with other economic options at sources, such as a job card, are more likely to return.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"801-820"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9514687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40391310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Paradoxical Impacts of the Minimum Wage Implementation on Ready-made Garment (RMG) Workers: A Qualitative Study. 最低工资实施对成衣工人的矛盾影响：一项定性研究。

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-022-00375-9

Humayun Kabir, Myfanwy Maple, Md Shahidul Islam, Kim Usher

{"title":"The Paradoxical Impacts of the Minimum Wage Implementation on Ready-made Garment (RMG) Workers: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Humayun Kabir, Myfanwy Maple, Md Shahidul Islam, Kim Usher","doi":"10.1007/s41027-022-00375-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-022-00375-9","url":null,"abstract":"There is no regular mandated increase in minimum wages for workers employed in the Bangladesh ready-made garment (RMG) industry. Workers in the past have relied on optional bonuses added to their monthly incomes to supplement their wages. However, a new minimum wage implemented in January 2019 in the Bangladesh RMG sector increased wages for many workers who are known to work under poor and exploitative working conditions. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen currently employed RMG workers (female: 13, male: 2), which led to data saturation. The participants were purposively recruited from both export processing zone (EPZ) and non-EPZ factories located in Dhaka and Chattogram, the two largest cities of Bangladesh where the majority of RMG factories are situated. Transcribed interviews were analysed thematically. The findings revealed that working hours, production targets, work pressure, and workplace abuse have an impact on workers' health and well-being. In line with the Marxist notion of the \"accumulation of capital\", we argue that due to the profit maximization mindset of RMG owners and international brands, workers have not received the potential benefit of the newly implemented minimum wage as their conditions have been changed in other ways to offset the increase in salary. The article contributes to understanding how factory owners' profit maximization mindset dispossessed workers from receiving the real benefits of the newly implemented minimum wage and forced them to continue working within exploitative working environments. The study shows that the impact of minimum wages on poverty reduction is unlikely and outline the need for RMG labour market reform.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"545-569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9341417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40609150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Reducing Rural Poverty Through Non-farm Job Creation in India. 通过创造非农业就业机会减少印度农村贫困。

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-022-00359-9

Shiba Shankar Pattayat, Jajati Keshari Parida, I C Awasthi

{"title":"Reducing Rural Poverty Through Non-farm Job Creation in India.","authors":"Shiba Shankar Pattayat, Jajati Keshari Parida, I C Awasthi","doi":"10.1007/s41027-022-00359-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-022-00359-9","url":null,"abstract":"Based on secondary data, this paper estimates the incidence of poverty by sectoral employment status of individuals and it explores the factors determining individual's joint probabilities of being poor and being engaged in the non-farm sector jobs (at micro-level). It also finds the impact (at macro-level) of rural non-farm sector employment on the incidence of rural poverty, and it identifies the subsectors of the non-farm sector, which help reduce the incidence of rural poverty in India. Using bivariate probit, recursive bivariate probit regression models, it finds that individual's human capabilities owing to better education and training and higher occupations of their head of the family significantly determine their probability of being employed in the non-farm sectors, which in turn help reduce their chance of being poor. The panel system generalized methods of moment result suggest that the provincial states of India, which have achieved higher level of non-farm sector NSDP growth along with the creation of jobs through an improved level of infrastructure (roads, railways, banking, and industries) base, have succeeded to reduce the incidence of rural poverty to substantially low levels. Based on these findings, it is argued that the incidence of rural poverty can be reduced on a sustainable basis through the development of rural manufacturing, and by promoting growth of modern service sectors like education, health, communication, real estate, and finance and insurance, along with the infrastructural development.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"137-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8923099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40308175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Impact of COVID 19 on Indian Migrant Workers: Decoding Twitter Data by Text Mining. COVID - 19对印度农民工的影响:通过文本挖掘解码Twitter数据。

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-021-00324-y

Pooja Misra, Jaya Gupta

{"title":"Impact of COVID 19 on Indian Migrant Workers: Decoding Twitter Data by Text Mining.","authors":"Pooja Misra, Jaya Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s41027-021-00324-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-021-00324-y","url":null,"abstract":"The Coronavirus pandemic has induced a huge economic crisis. The norms of social distancing and consequent lockdown to flatten the curve of this infection has brought economic activity across the globe to a standstill. A mass exodus of workers from major urban centres of India to their native villages started. Mental, financial and emotional agony inflicted due to job-loss, lack of job and livelihood opportunities led to this. A massive macroeconomic crisis for the country with serious ramifications has consequently exploded. The present study explores and captures the diffusion and discovery of information about the various facets of reverse migration in India using Twitter mining. Tweets provide extensive opportunities to extract social perceptions and insights relevant to migration of workers. The massive Twitter data were analysed by applying text mining technique and sentiment analysis. The results of the analysis highlight five major themes. The sentiment analysis confirms the confidence and trust in the minds of masses about tiding through this crisis with government support. The study brings out the major macroeconomic ramifications of this reverse migration. The study's findings indicate that a concentrated joint intervention by the State and Central Governments is critical for successfully tiding through this crisis and restoring normalcy. The subsequent policy measures announced by the government are being critically gauged. In addition, the authors have proposed measures to ameliorate this damage on the formal and informal sectors.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"731-747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-021-00324-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39223514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Misconstrued Notions and Misplaced Interventions: An Assessment of State Policy on Domestic Work in India. 误解的观念和错位的干预:对印度家务工作国家政策的评估。

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-09 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-021-00334-w

N Neetha

{"title":"Misconstrued Notions and Misplaced Interventions: An Assessment of State Policy on Domestic Work in India.","authors":"N Neetha","doi":"10.1007/s41027-021-00334-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-021-00334-w","url":null,"abstract":"Given the informal employment relationship that marks the paid domestic work sector, this paper examines the important state interventions in India which follow the ILO convention on domestic work. The understanding that the sector is homogenous and thus could be regulated or managed through uniform intervention, whether legal or otherwise, has prevailed. This was even when existing studies have demonstrated the existence of segmented labour markets with varying employer, work and worker identities. The extension of the Minimum Wages Act to domestic workers, the draft National Policy on Domestic Work, and the Domestic Workers Sector Skill Council (DWSSC) set up under the National Skill Development Council of the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship of Government of India, are examined in the paper in detail. The paper highlights how various state interventions have outlined the sector, the work, the workers and their everyday experiences and negotiations in terms of extending or framing these interventions. Examining the assumptions and objectives that have defined the formation of Domestic Workers Sector Skill Development council and its functioning, the paper argues that the attempt to corporatize the sector is a classic case of how the state tends to ignore the specificities that feature the sector leading to its poor impact.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"543-564"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-021-00334-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39314090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk of COVID-19 Transmission and Livelihood Challenges of Stranded Migrant Labourers during Lockdown in India. 印度封锁期间滞留农民工面临的新冠肺炎传播风险和生计挑战

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-021-00327-9

Margubur Rahaman, Avijit Roy, Pradip Chouhan, Kailash Chandra Das, Md Juel Rana

{"title":"Risk of COVID-19 Transmission and Livelihood Challenges of Stranded Migrant Labourers during Lockdown in India.","authors":"Margubur Rahaman, Avijit Roy, Pradip Chouhan, Kailash Chandra Das, Md Juel Rana","doi":"10.1007/s41027-021-00327-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-021-00327-9","url":null,"abstract":"The lockdown during the first phase of COVID-19 pandemic in India triggered an unprecedented humanitarian crisis. Labourers in the informal sector lost their jobs overnight and were stuck at their work places. The present study examines the risk of COVID-19 transmission among stranded migrant labourers and their livelihood challenges during the lockdown. A telephonic survey was conducted during the lockdown of first wave of COVID-19 pandemic to collect information from the stranded migrant labourers. The non-probability snowball sampling technique and structured questionnaire were used to draw the sample. Simple frequency distribution and standard statistical methods were used to accomplish the study objectives. The factors of COVID-19 transmission such as poor housing, co-morbidities, poor practice of WASH and COVID-19 precautions were significantly high among the migrant labourers. The lockdown created livelihood crisis among them. For instance, ration shortage (86%), financial distress (82%), reduction of wages (13%), job loss (86%) and anxiety for COVID-19 infection (81%) were often seen. Many of the labourers did not receive any ration kits (30%) and financial assistance (86%) during lockdown. The governmental assistance to overcome the stranded migrant labourers' challenges during lockdown was less than desirable. India needs to frame a sustainable and effective policy for social security for labourers, particularly in emergency situations.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"787-802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8409262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39384613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Impacts and Strategies Behind COVID-19-Induced Economic Crisis: Evidence from Informal Economy. covid -19引发的经济危机背后的影响和战略:来自非正规经济的证据。

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-24 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-021-00333-x

Agus Joko Pitoyo, Bagas Aditya, Ikhwan Amri, Akbar Abdul Rokhim

{"title":"Impacts and Strategies Behind COVID-19-Induced Economic Crisis: Evidence from Informal Economy.","authors":"Agus Joko Pitoyo, Bagas Aditya, Ikhwan Amri, Akbar Abdul Rokhim","doi":"10.1007/s41027-021-00333-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-021-00333-x","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has put pressure on the informal sector, especially in developing countries. Regarding the case study found in Yogyakarta Special Region (Indonesia), this research focuses on workers in the informal sector with the following objectives: (1) to assess the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on informal workers' conditions, (2) to identify their strategies for surviving the crisis, and (3) to analyze the existing social safety net to support their livelihood. This study surveyed 218 respondents who worked in the informal, non-agricultural sector. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The results confirmed that most respondents underwent a decrease in working hours and incomes. In general, they have particular coping mechanisms to survive. The results also found that most respondents had high hopes for social assistance to stabilize their livelihood. Several government programs had been issued, either by improving policies before the pandemic or by creating new ones. However, there were many barriers and challenges to implementing them so that some recommendations had been suggested in this study to help the informal workers to become more resilient.","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":" ","pages":"641-661"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-021-00333-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Household Economy of India. COVID-19对印度家庭经济的影响。

IF 1.5

Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-021-00352-8

Bino Paul, Unmesh Patnaik, Kamal Kumar Murari, Santosh Kumar Sahu, T Muralidharan

引用次数: 1