Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika最新文献

{"title":"Implementation of the Semi-Automatic Analysis Methodology of Strategic Planning Documents: Agglomerations of the Sverdlovsk Region","authors":"N. Roslyakova, Evgeniy A. Kanevsky, K. Boyarsky","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"The variety of strategic planning documents forms the basis for the development of methods for the analytical processing of such texts and the allocation of key semantic structures in them. There are three agglomerations in the Sverdlovsk region, including the sixth largest, Yekaterinburg. In this paper, using the example of the analysis of the strategy of socio-economic development of the Sverdlovsk region, a method of preliminary text processing and generalization of semantic constructions is proposed for the purpose of visual and concentrated representation of the key meanings embedded in the document. The use of a content analyzer and a semantic-syntactic parser provides various forms of presentation of the results, which allows solving the task of identifying meaningful language constructs. In the next stage, by means of the word cloud construction toolkit, which takes into account the frequency of mention and the strength of the connection of words in preprocessed data from strategy texts, generalizations of semantic constructions in the form of word clouds were obtained. Such tools are a contribution to the processes of pre-planned and planned analytical support, providing increased efficiency and consistency in the process of state and regional strategic planning for territories of different levels.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Specifics of the Long-Term Development of the Russian Labor Market","authors":"Elena Materova, T. Koryakina, N. Klimovskikh","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to identify long-term trends in the Russian labor market and analyze the changes resulting from the emergence of new factors in the external environment as a result of the pandemic, as well as to develop economic policy tools to stabilize the labor market in Russian regions and overcome the negative long-term trends in it. Methodology. The study is built using the method of theoretical analysis as well as the method of comparison. The method of economic analysis is used to study the indicators of the state of the labor market in the regions in 2010–2020, and the graphical method is used to visualize the results. The method of systematization and systematic approach allow for the formation of recommendations for public administration authorities to ensure a balanced development of the labor market. Results. The study revealed the growth of regional labor market tension indicators in 2010–2019, as well as the aggravation of their dynamics in the pandemic year 2020. It was determined that the level of hidden unemployment decreased during the pandemic. We have revealed that the possibilities of online employment partially compensated for the relief of tension in the Russian labor market for the population of the regions of the country. The authors substantiated the expediency of implementing economic, organizational, and institutional measures of public policy to stabilize the situation in the labor market in the regions of Russia and to overcome the emerging contradictions. The results obtained can serve as a methodological basis for the development of regional programs to support employment and prevent unemployment.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"213 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological Sovereignty: Concept, Content, and Forms of Implementation","authors":"Ekaterina Potaptseva, Viktoria Akberdina","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"This scientific article discusses the concept of technological sovereignty as one of the strategies for the development of the national economy. The importance of this concept for Russia in conditions of increasing global competition and the need to ensure national security are discussed. We will consider the evolution of the concepts of technological sovereignty, compare the concepts of national industry development, analyze the forms of implementation of the concept of technological sovereignty, and assess their compliance with the national interests of Russia. The purpose of the study is to identify the content and forms of implementation of the concept of technological sovereignty of the state on the basis of an analysis and generalization of existing concepts of national industry development. The article notes that technological sovereignty is becoming a key element of national security and the competitiveness of the national economy. The lack of technological structural dependence allows the state to ensure national sovereignty. Ensuring technological sovereignty will quarantee Russia’s sustainable development in the long term. Our article contributes to the scholarly debate on technological sovereignty because it discusses different perspectives on the concept of technological sovereignty, which contributes to a better understanding of how to strengthen technological sovereignty in different countries and industries.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphical Study of Energy Efficiency Indicators of Fuel and Energy Resources Consumption by Countries of the World","authors":"A. Dzyuba","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the comparative study of the energy characteristics of countries around the world, which is based on the construction of graphic maps of energy characteristics. The article presents the author’s maps of the energy intensity and electrical capacity of GDP by PPP of the countries of the world, the energy intensity and electrical capacity of per capita GDP by PPP of the countries of the world, a map of per capita energy consumption and electricity consumption in various countries of the world, and a map of the characteristics of CO2 emissions in various countries of the world, with the distribution of characteristics along the axes of GDP per capita and per capita electricity consumption. The materials analyze the results of the constructed maps and draw appropriate conclusions. Based on the maps of the energy intensity and electrical intensity of GDP by PPP of the countries of the world, conclusions are drawn about the high differences in the level of energy efficiency of the economies of different countries of the world, both in terms of total consumption of fuel and energy resources and electric energy, in particular. The constructed map of the energy intensity and electrical intensity of per capita GDP by PPP in various countries of the world makes it possible to group countries by indicators of energy efficiency of electricity consumption, taking into account the scale of economic development per capita. The identified country groups make it possible to carry out a subsequent analysis of the energy and economic characteristics of individual countries, to identify common features, and to develop principles, mechanisms, and methods of managing the economy and energy facilities of countries, taking into account the identified features. The map of per capita energy consumption and electricity consumption in various countries of the world presented in the materials made it possible to clearly identify that the indicators of per capita energy consumption and electricity consumption of the countries of the world are proportional. The article presents a map of the characteristics of CO2 emissions from different countries of the world, reflecting the distribution of countries relative to each other in terms of relative CO2 emissions, which allows us to clearly identify a significant difference in carbon dioxide emissions, which indicates a difference in the characteristics of the efficiency of consumption of fuel and energy resources. The results obtained make it possible to perform a subsequent grouping of countries with the identification of common features as well as the development of differentiated directions of energy policy aimed at effective economic development.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Sectoral Structure on the Dynamics of Labor Productivity in the US Economy","authors":"V. Minat","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of labor productivity growth increases in the context of economic regionalization, which requires an economy-wide restructuring. In the United States of America, which continues its policy of reindustrial development, protectionism, and the suppression of competing countries by all means, the role of the structural factor in the dynamics of labor productivity is not uniform. The paper presents a theoretical analysis and methodological possibility of calculating the relationship between such economic categories and processes as labor productivity and its decline in the US economy, on the one hand, and structural changes in the American economy, on the other hand. Based on the use of the index method with the conversion of material resources into labor costs, an attempt was made to empirically identify the different impacts of specific industries (sectors) of the US economy on changes in labor productivity. The chronological period for calculating the system of necessary indices takes into account 2005 as the base year used for comparison with 2022. The results obtained indicate the beginning of a “reindustrial turn” in the US economy, which created the basis for the gradual recovery of the lost growth rates of labor productivity, together with the sector of information and communication services. It is noted that the movement of workers with relatively low qualifications from the manufacturing sectors of the American economy to the service sector, along with an increase in working hours, contributes to a decrease in labor productivity in a number of service industries. An increase in the role of the structural factor in the dynamics of labor productivity in those industries that most actively respond to the possibility of reducing labor costs in the context of growing technologization of economic activity is revealed. The conclusion is made about the information-industrial orientation of the structural changes observed in the United States over the period under study, which provides for a structural transformation of the labor market in the direction of increasing the efficiency of labor costs per unit of working time.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boiling Points at Universities as a New Development Tool of the Innovative Potential of Russian Regions","authors":"A. Yafasov, Natalya Kostrikova, Aleksandr Merkulov","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"To successfully solve the problem of accelerated development of innovative technological entrepreneurship, new tools and approaches are needed in organizing the training of innovative entrepreneurs, primarily in the fields of digital economy technologies, the development of means of production, and artificial intelligence. The aim of the work is to study the possibilities of entrepreneurial boiling points created at universities for the development of the innovation potential of the regions of Russia. The possibilities of providing the regional economy with professional personnel prepared for specific production infrastructure, equipment and technologies, and teams of employees are considered. Different technologies of professional personnel training are studied in the context of actual operational and tactical tasks of the regional economy, taking into account the strategic vision of future industries and technologies. Various forms of conducting classes and meetings with representatives of science, education, and business have been widely tested, which allow forming an individual track for each participant and determining the optimal trajectory of his development, taking into account individual characteristics and developing knowledge, skills, and abilities in modern science, technology, and production. It is shown that boiling points in regional technical universities open up new opportunities to increase the innovative potential of regions by training young innovators adapted to the regional economy in an unstable environment.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Approaches to Determining the Circular Economy Essence","authors":"S. Mishulina","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article, based on the analysis of statistical data, substantiates the need to change the paradigm of socio-economic development and transition to a nature-like, environmentally friendly closed-loop economy. The study explores various theoretical approaches to defining the circular economy (CE) as an alternative to the traditional linear economy described in domestic and foreign science literature. The author-developed definition of a circular economy is proposed. The article reveals multidimensional benefits gained due to the introduction of circular economy principles into the real economy. Unified approaches to understanding the CE essence are necessary to determine the directions for further development of the CE concept and the possibilities of its implementation in business processes. The research theoretical background includes national and foreign scientific papers on the issues of closed-loop economy (circular economy) concept development. The data background includes analytical and statistical reports of international and national environmental organizations and governmental and non-governmental entities. Applied methods of informational monitoring and analysis of national and international scientific databases, systemic analysis, synthesis, and pattern identification determine the validity of the conclusions. The results obtained will allow determining the conditions, possible ways, and methods for systemic environmental transformation of economic goods production and consumption processes and for the transition to a closed-loop economy model.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State Regulation of the Labor Market and Its Impact on Economic Security","authors":"Olga Tolkacheva","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"The negative impact of the labor market on the economic security of the country is determined and reasoned on the basis of statistical analysis methods. The threats generated by inefficiency (“failures”) are identified in the labor market. Regression models reflecting the dependence of indicators characterizing crime and indicators characterizing the labor market are constructed. A comparative analysis of the state of the labor market in Russia in 2022 compared to 2017 was carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the dynamics of labor force indicators, unemployment, informal employment, the level of wages, and the presence of migrants in the Russian labor market. The regional differentiation of the labor market in Russia is noted. The conclusion is made about the need for state intervention in the regulation of the labor market to minimize its negative impact on the economic security of the country. The views of scientists on the threats to the economic security of the country formed in the labor market, as well as their ideas about the content of state regulation of the labor market, are presented. The author presents a comprehensive classification of methods of state regulation of the labor market based on the use of seven classification features: form of exposure, method of exposure, nature of exposure, source of exposure, object of exposure, content, and effect. The impact of restrictions and prohibitions imposed by the state on the labor market on economic security is noted.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Development Institutions: Status and Effectiveness (On the Example of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Regions of Southern Russia)","authors":"Inna V. Mitrofanova, Tat’jana Ivanova","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the state and evaluation of the effectiveness of regional development institutions in the field of small and medium-sized enterprises. The relevance and novelty of the research are connected with the process of reforming the institute of development at the federal level – the SME Corporation – and related changes in the regions in the context of the implementation of the national project “Small and Mediumsized Enterprises and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives,” as well as the digitalization of the economy. The methodology of the study was a cumulative-comparative regional synthesis with the calculation of statistical and economic-mathematical indicators. A database of the characteristics of the state of SMEs was formed on the basis of open sources of information. Based on it, it was found that due to digitalization, the overlapping functions between the federal and regional levels of SME support have increased. At the same time, the outlines of regional development institutions for SMEs differ by region. The centers providing guarantees, microfinance, and consulting services are common. The system for assessing regional development institutions for SMEs is based on determining the directions of development for the SME sector as a whole. It is proven that this does not reflect the effectiveness of the work of the SME regional development institutions. It is predicted that as the functionality of the digital platform develops, the multiplicity of currently existing regional development institutions for SMEs will die off and build up by analogy with the work of the Multifunctional Center. It is proposed to continue work on the creation of a system for evaluating the effectiveness of work with SMEs. For this purpose, directions for expanding the digital profile of an entrepreneur are proposed. This will allow us to move on to assessing the effectiveness of all federal and regional development institutions at the microlevel.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Efficiency Evaluation Method of Intersubjective Approach Application to the Problem Situations Solving","authors":"Tatiana Moiseeva","doi":"10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2023.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"A new intersubjective approach to management, complementing traditional management and taking into account subjective factors, covers the scope of management associated with solving problem situations for heterogeneous actors. The uniqueness of the approach lies in the fact that the actors get out of the problem situation themselves, not managers who are endowed with certain powers and want to help their participants. The aim of the study is to develop a method for evaluating the effectiveness of applying a new intersubjective approach. Subjective factors are taken into account due to the orientation of the intersubjective approach to subjects. It is proposed to use the scenario modeling methodology, which includes a comparison of several alternative scenarios. In intersubjective problem-solving management, scenario modeling compares the post-resolution situation to the situation without the use of the approach. An algorithm for assessing the satisfaction of actors with the results of solving a problem situation has been developed. It includes an integral assessment of the results of applying the methodology of intersubjective problem-solving in organizational systems. The approval of the efficiency evaluation method showed that the effect obtained is higher when traditional management is supplemented with an intersubjective approach.","PeriodicalId":349001,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}