{"title":"Effects of powering low-voltage, high-current load on components from power design perspective","authors":"N. Dai","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.822597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.822597","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing demands on computing power and information access have pushed microprocessors to operate at a higher current, higher clock speeds and provide a higher MIPS count. Power supply designers are facing the following challenges as a result of the above trends: (1) higher load currents; (2) lower operating voltages; (3) higher slew rates; (4) higher power densities; and (5) higher efficiencies. These factors have a significant effect on the power supply's components and their applications. This paper presents an overview on components from the power design perspective for low-voltage, high-current applications.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132820551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Corominas, J. Alonso, A. Calleja, J. Ribas, M. Rico-Secades
{"title":"A new family of one-switch topologies for low input voltage fluorescent lamp ballast's: tapped-inductor-inverters selection criteria and design methodology","authors":"E. Corominas, J. Alonso, A. Calleja, J. Ribas, M. Rico-Secades","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.826162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.826162","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new family of one-switch nonresonant power converter topologies, that can be used in fluorescent lamp ballasts are presented, and their selection criteria and design methodology are established. The proposed topologies include only one magnetic device (a tapped-inductor) in the power topology. They are specially suitable to implement low cost ballasts for low power fluorescent lamps supplied from a low DC input voltage. The design methodology is focused in obtaining regulated luminous flux in the lamp, by regulating the power delivered to the lamp against variations in the input voltage and lamp characteristic. The design criteria to select the most appropriate control method and guides to obtain the best operating point depending on the desired output characteristic are presented. Finally, the complete design process is described.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121890844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A modified ZVZCS commutation cell for all active switches in PWM converters","authors":"Seung-Hee Ryu, Dong-Yun Lee, S. Yoo, D. Hyun","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.822590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.822590","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a modified ZVZCS commutation cell with minimum additional components, which provides soft switching at both turn-on and turn-off of main and auxiliary switches as well as diodes in PWM converters, is presented. The proposed soft-switching technique is suitable for not only minority but also majority carrier semiconductor devices. The auxiliary switch of the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell is in parallel with the main switch, and therefore, there is no current stress on the main switch and diode. The operation principles of the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell are theoretically analyzed using the PWM boost converter topology as an example. Theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results verify the validity of the PWM boost converter topology with the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123576631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new integrated controller based 100 kVA mobile engine generator for single/three phase distribution line backup","authors":"C. Jeong, J.G. Cho, J. Baek, D. Yoo","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.822612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.822612","url":null,"abstract":"A new integrated controller based mobile engine generator is presented to back up not only three-phase but also a single-phase distribution line. The conventional three phase engine generators for emergency power back up consist of diesel engine, generator and controller and usually back up three-phase power only. In the proposed engine generator, a generator conditioner is included to compensate phase current unbalance, which allows backup of a single-phase line. In addition, an AVR (auto voltage regulator) controller and a governor controller and a generator conditioner controller are integrated with single DSP (digital signal processor) control board to reduce cost and increase reliability. The generator conditioner shapes the generator currents sinusoidally in phase with generator voltages for any kind of load. The generator can be synchronized with the distribution power line and released without any power interruption or voltage spike since the load current is gradually changed from the distribution line to the generator, or vice versa. A 100 kVA engine-generator system is equipped on a 3.5 ton truck and the integrated controller is realized with TMS320C32PCMA. Experimental results for single and three-phase power back up at several load conditions are presented to verify the performance of the proposed mobile generator system.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124942247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison between a novel zero-switching-loss topology and two existing zero-current-transition topologies","authors":"X. Jing, D. Boroyevich","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.822817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.822817","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two existing zero-current transition topologies are reviewed, and a novel zero-switching loss (ZSL) topology is introduced. Working principles for ZSL topology are discussed. With respect to loss, efficiency and electrical stress, this paper provides a comparison of three topologies under a DC/DC converter configuration in which bus voltage is 300 V and load current is 40 A.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"4 19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130281934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PWM-PD multiple output DC/DC converters without transformer","authors":"A. Barrado, E. Olías, A. Lázaro, J. Pleite","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.822588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.822588","url":null,"abstract":"A new multiple output DC/DC power converter is presented in this paper. This new converter belongs to the family of converters based on the novel PWM-pulse delay control (PWM-PD). This kind of control allows one to obtain a number of fully regulated outputs larger than the transistors that are used. These converters work at fixed switching frequency. The basic operation of PWM-PD control and its application in multiple output converters is developed. Finally, experimental results are presented for a fully regulated converter with three outputs, two MOSFETs and without a transformer.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127133907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Small signal model and control of an independently regulated multiple output forward converter topology","authors":"Y. Xi, P. Jain","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.826108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.826108","url":null,"abstract":"The small signal model of an independently regulated multiple output forward converter topology is presented in this paper. The proposed topology employs the feedforward control technique to control the main switch, and each output is voltage-decoupled and independently regulated by controlling the pertinent synchronous rectifiers using its own minor feedback circuit. Due to the voltage decoupling, each output circuit can be designed independently. Based on the derived small signal model, the closed loop compensation to dynamically stabilize each output circuit is presented. Implementations and design of the feedforward and feedback circuits are also addressed. Simulation and experiment are carried out on a prototype converter, and the results prove the derived model and design.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128841388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of switching sequence on zero current switching performance of power bipolar semiconductor devices","authors":"R. Vijayalakshmi, M. Trivedi, K. Shenai","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.822826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.822826","url":null,"abstract":"Bipolar devices significantly differ in their performance and behaviour in any given application. The knowledge of their behavior in order to design both devices and circuits that would allow less switching losses is essential. In this paper, a distinct and interesting phenomenon in the charge dynamics of BJTs and IGBTs under ZCS operation is reported. It is shown that the difference in charge dynamics results in contradicting switching sequence requirements between BJTs and IGBTs. It is shown, with the help of two-dimensional device-circuit simulations, that in IGBTs, a majority of excess carriers are flushed out during the no-current regime while in the case of the BJT, most of carriers are removed by recombination after the device is turned off. In order to use the semiconductor switch optimally, IGBT turn-off should be delayed as much as possible, while, in the case of a BJT, the switch needs to be turned off as soon as possible after the zero-current condition is established. A careful choice of switching sequence is shown to result in a reduction in switching power loss by a factor of 2 in the case of the BJT and a factor of 3 in the case of the IGBT.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129500331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Pernía, M. Prieto, J. Lopera, J. Reilly, S. Linton, C. Quinones, R. Madsen
{"title":"High power density DC/DC converter using thick-film hybrid technology","authors":"A. Pernía, M. Prieto, J. Lopera, J. Reilly, S. Linton, C. Quinones, R. Madsen","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.826116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.826116","url":null,"abstract":"The tendency to push down supply voltages (3.3 V, 2.7 V...) in telecommunication equipment makes DC/DC conversion systems be placed as close as possible to the load, thus minimizing losses due to high currents. Size is a critical feature in these supply systems, with passive components usually being the bulkiest elements. A 10 watt DC/DC converter is presented in this paper where passive components have been integrated using hybrid technology, thus allowing to obtain high power density of 6.25 W/cm/sup 3/.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129866720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A zero voltage and zero current switching three level DC/DC converter","authors":"F. Canales, P. M. Barbosa, Fred C. Lee","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2000.826121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2000.826121","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel zero voltage and zero current switching (ZVZCS) three-Level (TL) DC/DC power converter. This converter overcomes the drawbacks presented by the conventional zero voltage switching (ZVS) three-level converter, such as high circulating energy, severe parasitic ringing on the rectifier diodes, and limited ZVS load range for the inner switches. The converter presented in this paper uses a phase shift control with a flying capacitor in the primary side to achieve ZVS for the outer switches. Additionally, the converter uses an auxiliary circuit to reset the primary current during the freewheeling stage to achieve ZCS for the inner switches. The principle of operation and the DC characteristics of the new converter are analyzed and verified on a 6kW, 100 kHz experimental prototype.","PeriodicalId":347959,"journal":{"name":"APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.00CH37058)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127557103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}