Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)最新文献

{"title":"CANNABIS AND MALE FERTILITY : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"M. Z. Ayyasy","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1664","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis is a class of psychoactive substances derived from Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica that can induce euphoria in the user. Cannabinoids are the term used to refer to the active component of cannabis, which contains 400 active compounds. DSM criterion 5 characterizes cannabis use disorder. Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance worldwide. The annual prevalence of cannabis abuse ranges from 2.9% to 4.3% of the global population aged 15 to 64. Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis are the three varieties of cannabis. These three cannabis varieties contain varying amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The THC content of Charas and hashish ranges between 7% and 14%. Cannabis and Sinsemilla are found in female shoots with an average THC concentration of 4-5% (rarely >7%). Low-grade Bhang preparations are derived from the 1% THC-containing residue of desiccated plants. Hashish oil, a concentrated liquid extracted from hashish distilleries, contains between 15 and 70 percent THC. Semen parameters provide the strongest evidence of cannabis-induced alterations in male fertility. Cannabis reduces sperm count and concentration, induces abnormalities in sperm morphology, reduces sperm motility and viability, and inhibits capacitation and fertilizing capacity, according to research.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127180277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN UPDATE TREATMENT OF ERITEMA NODOSUM LEPROSUM","authors":"Ni Made Indah Puspasari, I. N. F. Octora Young Amukty","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1665","url":null,"abstract":"Leprosy, also called Morbus Hansen, is a contagious skin disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Leprae. It takes 2–5 years for the disease to show up, and it takes 2–3 weeks for the cells to divide. Leprosy reaction is a sudden event that happens during the long-term course of the disease. It causes skin sores to become very red and swollen. This disease can show up before, during, or after treatment for leprosy, and it can happen to 30–50% of people with leprosy. Reactions to leprosy happen when both cellular and humoral immune responses go wrong. Type 2 or Eritema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL) reactions have a clinical picture of the appearance of nodules in the skin. This reaction occurs in leprosy patients with very large numbers of bacteria, namely the multibacillary type. In contrast to the reversal reaction, the humoral immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ENL. Large amounts of bacterial antigen concentrations in tissues will increase IgM and IgG titers in multibacillary leprosy patients. Th2 cell activation will stimulate the production of IL-4 and IL-10, thereby increasing the humoral immune response and increasing the production of B lymphocytes. The goals of the treatment are to control the inflammation, ease the pain, and stop new cases from happening. In weak cases of ENL, the best way to treat it is to rest and take anti-inflammatory drugs. Most of the time, people take aspirin, which is an anti-inflammatory drug. Other drugs have also been tried, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, oral zinc, pentoxifylline, and chloroquine. But each of the current treatment options has its own downsides and limitations, and the best one must be carefully chosen for each case.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124792091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HUBUNGAN ANTARA DRY EYES TERHADAP KEBIASAAN MEROKOK: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS","authors":"Elizabeth Magdalena Purba","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1663","url":null,"abstract":"Dry eyes, also known as dry eye disease (DED), dry eye syndrome, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), are among the most common reasons people visit an eye doctor. Other names for dry eyes include: dry eye disease (DED), dry eye syndrome, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Environmental factors that may have a role include, but are not limited to, exposure to irritants such as chemical vapors, cigarette smoke, pollution, or low humidity. Smoking cigarettes, which is a modifiable risk factor for a wide range of illnesses including vascular disease, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, has been explored as a potential risk factor for DED in a number of population-based studies. These studies have found that smoking cigarettes is associated with an increased risk of DED. Smoking cigarettes is another element that can contribute to the development of DED. It's possible that smoking has nothing to do with the risk of DED. There is a lack of agreement regarding the impact that smoking has on the danger of developing DED as a result of the contradictory research. Although a number of recent studies have revealed that there is a preventive impact of smoking on DED, the overall damage that smoking does to one's health balances the protective benefit that continuing smoking has on DED.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128161778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTIVENESS AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF DOUBLE READING IN DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY SCREENING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS","authors":"Jonathan Billy Christian Tjiayadi, Deborah Josephine Theresia","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1656","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Female breast cancer has become the global leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Although digital mammography has been proposed as an effective and cost-efficient screening method, its real performance and cost-benefit value has been debated by several studies especially concerning the available reading methods. Double reading of digital mammography has been said to increase reading sensitivity but often found some challenges in terms of cost and false positive rate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of double reading for digital mammography screening.\u0000 Methods: This review included comparative studies and cost-effectiveness studies from databases such as Pubmed and Cochrane up to April 2023. We excluded non-English studies, cost-effectiveness studies with lacking adequate statistics, single-armed trials, study protocols, earlier meta-analyses, review articles, and studies that merely evaluated double reading of two different methodologies. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool and CHEERS 2022 checklist. Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate cancer detection and false positive rate of double reading.\u0000 Ten studies were included in this review, three of which were obtained from a reference article. Mammograms in this review were obtained from a total of 260,501 women. Double reading had a slightly but significant chance of finding a breast cancer (OR = 1.137; p-value = 0.004). False-positive rate in double reading was also prominent (ER = 0.041; p value = 0.000). Single reading with CAD was still proven to be a more cost-effective method.\u0000 Discussion: Studies in this review was generally had low risk of bias and applicability concern. High cost of double reading may be attributed to the high number of false positive result. Integration of CAD with AI or deep learning may enhance the performance of digital mammography single reading. \u0000 Conclusion:  with consensus and arbitration, double reading strategy present itself as a screening method for breast cancer, however single reading with CAD has proven more superior as a more-cost effective method.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133261555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USE OF SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORT PROTEIN 2 (SGLT2) INHIBITORS IN DIABETIC KIDNEY DISEASE (DKD)","authors":"Rio Manuel Rajagukguk","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1653","url":null,"abstract":"SGLT2 inhibitors have emerged as a major disease-modifying therapy for preventing the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). These agents can be used to prevent the decline in renal function through the reduction of glomerular hypertension mediated through tubuloglomerular feedback apart from their effects on glycemic control. The indications for SGLT2 inhibitors have evolved based on growing evidence from randomized controlled trials and broadly fit into five categories, including: glycemic control/metabolic risk, reduced ASCVD, heart failure, diabetic kidney disease with albuminuria, and nondiabetic CKD with albuminuria. . The initial trial was performed in patients with relatively good overall renal function, although sub-analyses suggest that the beneficial effect may extend to patients with CKD. SGLT2 inhibitors block glucose reabsorption in the renal tubules and are effective in reducing glucose levels based on the amount of glucose filtered, thereby increasing the glomerular filtration rate. The greatest transport burden on the diabetic kidney is in the early proximal tubule. SGLT2 inhibitors make the transport load more evenly distributed between the tubular segments. In addition, the total tubular transport load is reduced by lowering GFR. The SGLT2 inhibitory effect helps maintain mitochondrial function and tubular cell metabolism which can maintain tubular function and GFR in the long term.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130958646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF CONTRAST-ENHANCED ULTRASOUND TO DIFFERENTIATE BENIGN AND MALIGNANT BREAST LESIONS","authors":"Radian Ashar Pambudi","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1654","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer of the breast is caused by a cluster of abnormal breast cells that continue to divide and spread throughout the breast. These cells eventually aggregate as a lump in the affected breast. If the cancerous tumor is not treated, the cancer cells may spread to other areas of the body through a process known as metastasis. A metastasis may develop in the lymph nodes located in the axilla or those located above the scapula. In addition, cancer cells have the ability to colonize the bones, lungs, liver, skin, and even the space directly under the skin. Cancer of the breast tissue is a malignancy that can start from either the ductal or lobule epithelium of the breast. Breast cancer is the most common kind of cancer in women. The ability of ultrasonography to identify cystic masses is one of the technology's many strengths. According to BIRADS, the American College of Radiology has also developed a standardized language for the reading and reporting of ultrasounds, which is quite similar to the language used for mammography. Shape of the mass, borders, orientation, kind of posterior acoustic, lesion boundaries, and echo pattern were the characteristics that were described. CEUS is an imaging technology that evaluates breast lesions by analyzing their qualitative qualities as well as their quantitative aspects. The detection of lymphatic channels and sentinel lymph nodes can be done using this method, and it is practical and effective.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121580074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF NOCTURIA ON MORTALITY : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Rizki Jaya Amal","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1644","url":null,"abstract":"The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICS) describes nocturia as \"voiding that occurs during the main sleep period\". However, there are some medical specialists who do not believe that feeling one emptiness while sleeping qualifies as a clinically important occurrence. They believe that this viewpoint is supported by the evidence. This might be owing to the fact that some studies have indicated that having fewer than two voids every night is not an issue, whilst other studies have found that having more than two voids every night can reduce quality of life. Having fewer than two voids every night is not a problem. Having more than two voids every night is a problem. The most common and bothersome symptom related to urination is called nocturia. 10 million people in the United States suffer with nocturia, yet only 1.5 million get treated for it. This annoys seventy percent of individuals over the age of thirty who get up at least twice throughout the night to use the toilet. People who suffer from the illness known as nocturnal enuresis are characterized by their inability to recognize when they have a full bladder and their involuntary need to empty while sleeping. Nocturia is quite similar to nocturnal frequency, with the exception that sleep comes before and after episodes of urination. Even though voiding diaries call it nocturia, getting up in the middle of the night for any reason other than to urinate is not considered to be nocturia.  Convenience void. Nocturia is frequently caused by overactive bladders rather than illnesses of the urinary system. Patients who experienced urine urgency in the afternoon were also likely to have nocturia. Mortality is increased in patients with nocturia who have three or more nocturnal voids per night. The condition known as nocturia has been linked to an increased risk of death. Those who have had nocturia more than three times are at an increased risk of mortality.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129652402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PEMPHIGUS AND PSORIASIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Yeyen Jani Sari Dabukke","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1643","url":null,"abstract":"Pemphigus vulgaris, foliaceus, paraneoplastic, IgA, and herpetiformis are autoimmune bullous diseases. Epidemiologically heterogeneous symptoms characterize pemphigus. The first non-HLA genes related with PV have been found, and our knowledge of pemphigus frequency, which varies widely between populations, has increased. Pemphigus causes blisters and lesions. This polymorphism is also linked to many comorbidities, including autoimmune illnesses, hematological malignancies, and psoriasis. Psoriasis is a T cell-mediated papulosquamous skin illness that results from immune system dysregulation. It is characterized by severe inflammatory and hyperproliferative alterations in the affected areas of the skin. Psoriasis has traditionally been linked to bullous pemphigoid, which is a subepidermal autoimmune bullous illness. Pemphigus is a group of IgG-mediated blistering diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes' squamous epithelium. Pemphigus causes painful intraepidermal blisters and erosions. Pemphigus disease is chronic and autoimmune, which has increased research into its link with other autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders. Pemphigus and psoriasis have been reported to co-occur, however their relationship is uncertain. Yet, there are also additional biological plausible reasons for this link. The \"epitope spreading phenomena\" may have caused the disease. This occurs when a primary autoimmune or inflammatory response damages tissue. Hence, the immune system can now detect some protein components, triggering a subsequent autoimmune reaction. Psoriasis patients are three times more likely to develop pemphigus. Psoriasis doctors should know about this epidemiological trend.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"481 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122746711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FUNCTIONAL CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Yoga Malanda","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1647","url":null,"abstract":"It is essential to test and diagnose children as soon as possible for functional constipation (FC), which is considered a substantial burden of illness in children. When treated in a timely manner and with the proper medication, babies who have FC have a better chance of making a full recovery. It is estimated that inflammatory bowel disease is responsible for up to 25% of pediatric gastroenterologist visits and 3% of all pediatric outpatient visits globally. It is difficult to estimate the real prevalence of FC in children as a result of the variability of the studies in terms of target population sample, diagnostic criteria, participant ethnicity and environment, technique of data gathering, and lifestyle and psychological characteristics, amongst other considerations. It is possible that the key causes for the worldwide variation in prevalence among studies that have been published are the absence of consensus on diagnostic criteria and cultural variations. Probiotics have the capacity to improve the balance between species, impact intestinal motility by creating lactic acid and short-chain amino acids, and stimulate gut peristalsis by adjusting stool pH. Additionally, probiotics have the potential to increase the number of short-chain amino acids produced in the body. A wide variety of probiotic strains have been the subject of a significant number of investigations. On the other hand, there are not enough evidence available at this time to support the use of probiotics in children who suffer from chronic constipation.","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114807496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ACCURACY OF RISK SCORES IN PREDICTING PRETERM BIRTH : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Roni Andre Syahputra Damanik","doi":"10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i4.1645","url":null,"abstract":"Around the world, premature birth, also known as preterm birth (PTB), is one of the leading causes of perinatal illness and death. The majority of preterm births (two-thirds) are the result of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB), while the remaining one-third are necessary for medical reasons owing to complications with either the mother or the fetus. A combination of factors, including a large decline in birth rates and an increase in the average mother age at the time of conception, has led to an increase in the number of pregnancies accomplished with the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), as well as an increase in the number of children who are delivered prematurely. Despite the enormous advancements that have been achieved in the treatment of premature babies, the prevention of preterm births is not yet a reality. This is despite the fact that there has been substantial success made in treating premature newborns.  There are a number of risk factors that have been linked to premature birth, including a cervix that is too short, a maternal age that is larger than 35 years, a maternal body mass index that is greater than 25, smoking habits, and comorbid risk factors (such as hypertension and diabetes).","PeriodicalId":347955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128436381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}