Smart Energy最新文献_第6页

Residential demand response and dynamic electricity contracts with hourly prices: A study of Norwegian households during the 2021/22 energy crisis 住宅需求响应和小时电价动态电力合同:2021/22年能源危机期间挪威家庭的研究

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100126

Matthias Hofmann , Karen Byskov Lindberg

{"title":"Residential demand response and dynamic electricity contracts with hourly prices: A study of Norwegian households during the 2021/22 energy crisis","authors":"Matthias Hofmann , Karen Byskov Lindberg","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Price-responsive demand and dynamic electricity price contracts can play a vital role in balancing renewable energy production and alleviating energy shortages such as those experienced in the European energy crisis. This study focuses on the implicit demand flexibility of residential consumers during extraordinarily high electricity prices in winter 2021/22 in Norway where most households have electric heating and spot price contracts. An econometric model is developed that compares the demand with pre-crisis levels, adjusts for factors influencing electricity consumption, such as outdoor temperature, and utilises a comprehensive dataset including hourly electricity demand data. The results reveal a quick response since the price signal was passed immediately to the customers and substantial energy savings of 11.4 % during winter. While the average household showed no significant short-term price response to daily or hourly price variations, several subgroups did. Particularly, households actively monitoring hourly prices via real-time information channels and those with automatic smart charging of electric cars showed higher load reductions in peak price hours and load shifting to low-price hours. Thus, the study concludes that households are able to respond to variable hourly electricity prices and suggests the promotion of spot price contracts to incentivise residential demand response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666955223000357/pdfft?md5=29ca7e11288f86f484c71ac9d5244984&pid=1-s2.0-S2666955223000357-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135566793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An approach towards demand response optimization at the edge in smart energy systems using local clouds 一种利用本地云实现智能能源系统边缘需求响应优化的方法

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100123

Salman Javed, Aparajita Tripathy, Jan van Deventer, Hamam Mokayed, Cristina Paniagua, Jerker Delsing

{"title":"An approach towards demand response optimization at the edge in smart energy systems using local clouds","authors":"Salman Javed, Aparajita Tripathy, Jan van Deventer, Hamam Mokayed, Cristina Paniagua, Jerker Delsing","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segy.2023.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fourth and fifth industrial revolutions (Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0) have driven significant advances in digitalization and integration of advanced technologies, emphasizing the need for sustainable solutions. Smart Energy Systems (SESs) have emerged as crucial tools for addressing climate change, integrating smart grids and smart homes/buildings to improve energy infrastructure. To achieve a robust and sustainable SES, stakeholders must collaborate efficiently through an energy management framework based on the Internet of Things (IoT). Demand Response (DR) is key to balancing energy demands and costs. This research proposes an edge-based automation cloud solution, utilizing Eclipse Arrowhead local clouds, which are based on Service-Oriented Architecture that promotes the integration of stakeholders. This novel solution guarantees secure, low-latency communication among various smart home and industrial IoT technologies. The study also introduces a theoretical framework that employs AI at the edge to create environment profiles for smart buildings, optimizing DR and ensuring human comfort. By focusing on room-level optimization, the research aims to improve the overall efficiency of SESs and foster sustainable energy practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666955223000308/pdfft?md5=dba84482a84ddd16ccee162b52b03f31&pid=1-s2.0-S2666955223000308-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92136238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Impacts of green hydrogen for steel, ammonia, and long-distance transport on the cost of meeting electricity, heat, cold, and hydrogen demand in 145 countries running on 100% wind-water-solar” [Smart Energy 11 (2023) 1–9 100106] 对 "用于钢铁、合成氨和长途运输的绿色氢气对 145 个 100% 风-水-太阳能国家满足电力、供热、供冷和氢气需求的成本的影响 "的更正[智慧能源 11 (2023) 1-9 100106]

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100124

Mark Z. Jacobson, Anna-Katharina von Krauland, Kevin Song, Alyssa N. Krull

引用次数: 0

A framework to assess the impacts of digital electrical substations 评估数字化变电站影响的框架

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100125

Gabriel Rodrigues Santos, Eduardo Zancul

{"title":"A framework to assess the impacts of digital electrical substations","authors":"Gabriel Rodrigues Santos, Eduardo Zancul","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segy.2023.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the context of the digital transformation of the electricity sector, the most recent technologies in power substations has promised benefits related to improved engineering, operations, and maintenance, transforming them into “smart” substations. However, methods and tools to analyse the impacts and estimate the benefits of electrical substation digitalisation to support investment decision-making have rarely been reported. We propose a comprehensive framework for assessing the impacts of the digitalisation of electrical power substations. Literature review, interviews with stakeholders and an expert survey were carried out to better understand those impacts and support the definition of the conceptual model. The framework identifies six key technological drivers and a total of 12 impacts, establishes the relationships between them, and defines key performance indicators for quantifying the impacts. The proposed framework was applied in a case study of the digital retrofit of a distribution substation on the scope of a research and development project on intelligent substations. The application demonstrates the framework's usefulness as a tool to systematically assess digital substations and highlights how digitalisation can benefit engineering and construction, and operations and maintenance activities. The proposed framework can also be applied to other contexts, thus contributing to an increasingly digital and connected electricity sector.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666955223000345/pdfft?md5=adb18732fd1154b532c987c468398418&pid=1-s2.0-S2666955223000345-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cluster analysis of energy consumption mix in the Japanese residential sector 日本住宅部门能源消费结构的聚类分析

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100122

Rémi Delage, Toshihiko Nakata

{"title":"Cluster analysis of energy consumption mix in the Japanese residential sector","authors":"Rémi Delage, Toshihiko Nakata","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segy.2023.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sector integration is one of the major components considered when designing future smart energy systems. Due to the lack of data, current partitioning of consumers into residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors is based on assumptions on their respective energy demand. In reality though, there is a diversity in preferences and behaviors so that consumers from the same sector may have different demand and consumers from different sectors may have similar demand. With the increasing amount of individual data, it is becoming possible to study this diversity and more accurately partition consumers using advanced analysis techniques such as clustering. However, while this approach does allow for an accurate grouping, the complex mechanisms at the roots of identified clusters are still unclear. Indeed, energy demand depends on multiple factors such as economic, political, cultural, social, or historical besides environmental conditions. The present study uses households' data provided by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment with the objective of finding patterns associated with residential energy consumption profiles. It is found that the probability distribution of households' energy consumption seems to be log-normal so that clusters are revealed by first applying a logarithmic nonlinear transformation. Furthermore, k-means clustering, which is commonly used in energy systems study, fails here to correctly identify the clusters when compared with density-based clustering. After identifying clusters, we look for statistically significant specificities in the corresponding households' data such as their geographical location, number of residents, income, buildings' construction year, equipment and vehicles and suggest interpretations for each.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50191164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Balancing heat saving and supply in local energy planning: Insights from 1970-1989 buildings in three European countries 平衡地方能源规划中的热量节约和供应：三个欧洲国家1970-1989年建筑的启示

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100121

Tim Mandel , Ernst Worrell , Şirin Alibaş

{"title":"Balancing heat saving and supply in local energy planning: Insights from 1970-1989 buildings in three European countries","authors":"Tim Mandel , Ernst Worrell , Şirin Alibaş","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the cost balance between heat energy savings through building envelope retrofits and supply from low-carbon decentralised and centralised technologies in a generic urban district, composed of residential and non-residential buildings from the 1970–1989 construction period. For generalisability, the district is analysed in three European countries (Bulgaria, Germany, Finland), each with distinct weather conditions and price levels. Using bottom-up energy modelling and adopting a societal perspective that includes external costs, the study finds the cost-effectiveness of retrofits to be context-specific. In Bulgaria, retrofits prove largely cost-effective, whereas in Germany and Finland, high labour and material costs pose challenges. Heat pumps, whether decentralised in buildings or centralised in district heating systems, emerge as key options for heat supply, even in cold climates. The study underscores the importance of integrated energy planning in line with the ‘energy efficiency first’ principle and corresponding incentive structures to promote sustainable urban energy systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45042489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk assessment in district heating: Evaluating the economic risks of inter-regional heat transfer networks with regards to uncertainties of energy prices and waste heat availability using Monte Carlo simulations 区域供热的风险评估:利用蒙特卡洛模拟，在考虑能源价格和余热可用性不确定性的情况下，评估区域间传热网络的经济风险

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100119

Nicolas Marx, Riel Blakcori, Tobias Forster, Klara Maggauer, Schmidt Ralf-Roman

{"title":"Risk assessment in district heating: Evaluating the economic risks of inter-regional heat transfer networks with regards to uncertainties of energy prices and waste heat availability using Monte Carlo simulations","authors":"Nicolas Marx, Riel Blakcori, Tobias Forster, Klara Maggauer, Schmidt Ralf-Roman","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most district heating (DH) networks are largely based on fossil or biogenic fuels. As these fuels are phased out or their use will be prioritized for other sectors respectively, significant amounts of alternative heat sources (heat pumps, waste heat, solar and geothermal energy) will be required. However, there are various uncertainties regarding the development of key factors such as energy prices and the availability of alternative heat sources. In addition, individual heat supply systems are competing with DH networks. This paper quantifies the economic risks of DH networks with respect to uncertainties in energy prices (electricity and biomass) and waste heat availability and compares them with individual heating systems. Therefore, a hypothetical inter-regional heat transfer network (“HTN”) in Austria is investigated as a case study and a Monte Carlo approach based on seasonal energy balances is used. The results show that in individual heating systems, uncertainties in energy prices have a strong influence on the economic risks. In contrast, HTNs can optimize the use of industrial waste heat at stable prices and integrate large scale heat pumps operating at low electricity prices as well as combined heat and power plants operating at high electricity prices, leading to a reduced dependency on the uncertainties of energy prices and thus a lower economic risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43233134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demonstrating a smart controller in a hospital integrated energy system 演示医院综合能源系统中的智能控制器

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100120

Agostino Gambarotta , Riccardo Malabarba , Mirko Morini , Giuliano Randazzo , Michele Rossi , Costanza Saletti , Andrea Vieri

{"title":"Demonstrating a smart controller in a hospital integrated energy system","authors":"Agostino Gambarotta , Riccardo Malabarba , Mirko Morini , Giuliano Randazzo , Michele Rossi , Costanza Saletti , Andrea Vieri","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Integrated energy systems have recently gained primary importance in clean energy transition. The combination of the electricity, heating and gas sectors can improve the overall system efficiency and integration of renewables by exploiting the synergies among the energy vectors. In particular, real-time optimization tools based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) can considerably improve the performance of systems with several conversion units and distribution networks by automatically coordinating all interacting technologies. Despite the relevance of several simulation studies on the topic, however, it is significantly harder to have an experimental demonstration of this improvement. This work presents a methodology for the real-world implementation of a novel smart control strategy for integrated energy systems, based on two coordinated MPC levels, which optimize the operation of all conversion units and all energy vectors in the short- and long-term, respectively, to account also for economic incentives on critical units. The strategy that was previously developed and evaluated in a simulation environment has now been implemented, as a supervisory controller, in the integrated energy system of a hospital in Italy. The optimal control logic is easily actuated by dynamically communicating the optimal set-points to the existing Building Management System, without having to alter the system configuration. Field data collected over a two-year period, firstly when it was business as usual and when the new operation was introduced, show that the MPC increased the economic margin and revenues from yearly incentives and lowered the amount of electricity purchased, reducing dependency on the power grid.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48727836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smart home charging of electric vehicles using a digital platform 智能家居电动汽车充电采用数字化平台

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100118

Endre Bjørndal , Mette Bjørndal , Elisabet Kjerstad Bøe , Jacob Dalton , Mario Guajardo

{"title":"Smart home charging of electric vehicles using a digital platform","authors":"Endre Bjørndal , Mette Bjørndal , Elisabet Kjerstad Bøe , Jacob Dalton , Mario Guajardo","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2023.100118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) grows, it is important to understand the implications of home charging technologies for grid operations and for the budget of users. We conduct an empirical study analyzing data on 438 EVs over a period of 3,687 consecutive hours, collected by an energy aggregator which operates a digital platform. We first develop an optimization model to compute an optimal schedule of charging for all EVs in the dataset at minimum cost. Then, we compare the realizations against this optimal solution, distinguishing householders who use a <em>smart charging</em> functionality of the digital platform from those who do not use it. Our findings indicate that the smart charging behaviour conduces to better results, and close to the optimal solution. The non-users tend to start charging as soon as they plug-in their EVs, often at peak consumption times. In contrast, the smart charging strategy usually shifts the charging schedules towards times where the consumption is cheaper and the grid is less congested, facilitating a higher load factor and lower power losses. These results highlight the positive role of energy aggregators and digital platforms in coordinating users to lower the cost and enhance efficiency of energy consumption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41939911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Beyond sector coupling: Utilizing energy grids in sector coupling to improve the European energy transition 超越部门耦合：利用部门耦合中的能源电网改善欧洲能源转型

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2023.100116

Jakob Zinck Thellufsen , Henrik Lund , Peter Sorknæs , Steffen Nielsen , Miguel Chang , Brian Vad Mathiesen

引用次数: 1