Smart Energy最新文献

Requirements analysis for Model Predictive Control in a decentralized district heating network 分布式集中供热网络模型预测控制的需求分析

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100188

Theda Zoschke , Christian Wolff , Armin Nurkanović , Gregor Rohbogner , Daniel Weiß , Lilli Frison , Moritz Diehl , Axel Oliva

{"title":"Requirements analysis for Model Predictive Control in a decentralized district heating network","authors":"Theda Zoschke , Christian Wolff , Armin Nurkanović , Gregor Rohbogner , Daniel Weiß , Lilli Frison , Moritz Diehl , Axel Oliva","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a method to derive requirements for non-linear formulations in optimization problems for Model Predictive Control (MPC) of district heating networks. Those formulations become particularly relevant in decentralized networks where thermohydraulic effects stemming from pressure and temperature distribution impact the optimal dispatch schedule of producers. This is illustrated through a case study of the network in Weil am Rhein, Germany. Initially, a linear MPC formulation that neglects thermohydraulic dynamics was evaluated using one year of measurement data, revealing potential cost reductions of 14.3%. These savings primarily result from reduced operation of fossil fuel boilers and increased utilization of Combined Heat and Power plants. Subsequently, hydraulic simulations and monitoring data were analyzed, revealing that at least one of the production sites is unable to supply its installed capacity into the network during high-load scenarios due to hydraulic limitations. Furthermore, the analysis of thermal losses suggested that supply temperature optimization has an additional cost-saving potential of approximately 1.8%. The study concludes that future versions of the optimization framework require the consideration of pressure losses and pumping limitations to enhance operational reliability, while also recognizing additional improvement potential offered by supply temperature optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimum utilization of power plant waste heat by nearly-zero exergy district prosumers for minimum carbon footprint 电厂废热的最佳利用几乎为零的火用区产消者为最小的碳足迹

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100204

Birol Kilkis

{"title":"Optimum utilization of power plant waste heat by nearly-zero exergy district prosumers for minimum carbon footprint","authors":"Birol Kilkis","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new exergy-based model for minimizing the total carbon dioxide emission responsibility of district heating systems connected to thermal power plants. An optimal exergy balance can be determined between the degree of low-exergy prosuming buildings on the demand side and the utilization rate of waste heat from a power plant on the supply side. Therefore, the optimum degree of prosuming buildings and the utilization of waste heat in a district also minimize the embodied emissions and costs of prosuming buildings for sustainable growth. Following the massive earthquake in 2023 in the Afşin-Elbistan province located in the Southeast region of Türkiye, 10,000 apartments to be heated by individual boilers are compared with an alternative design using this model. This alternative design features low-exergy prosumer buildings integrated with the waste heat of the 1,355 GW lignite power plant. The waste heat is obtained from the nearby return pipe of the water-cooling system, which is connected to a river head, located 30 km away. The model played a crucial role in determining the optimal degree of low-exergy building design, which simultaneously minimizes the carbon footprint of the power plant and the embodied emissions of such buildings, thereby facilitating the optimal level of renewable energy sources for prosumption. A new exergy star green metric is introduced, with a maximum rating of five stars. The new model assigned an optimal of three stars for the alternative design, which minimizes the carbon footprint by reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 79 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive evaluation of prediction techniques and their influence on model predictive control in smart energy storage systems 智能储能系统预测技术及其对模型预测控制的影响

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100202

Ulrich Ludolfinger , Thomas Hamacher , Maren Martens

{"title":"A comprehensive evaluation of prediction techniques and their influence on model predictive control in smart energy storage systems","authors":"Ulrich Ludolfinger , Thomas Hamacher , Maren Martens","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing share of intermittent renewable energy calls for intelligent building energy management systems to maintain grid stability. A widely used method for operating on-site storage is model predictive control (MPC), whose effectiveness heavily depends on forecast accuracy. This paper systematically evaluates the impact of prediction models on MPC performance in smart energy storage systems (SESS). Using a three-year, multi-building dataset with 15 min resolution, we compare five forecasting methods, linear model, XGBoost, RNN, TimeMixer, and TimesNet, for load, PV generation, and electricity price prediction. While XGBoost achieves the lowest mean squared error (MSE) and yields the highest revenue gain of 104% over a no-storage baseline during a four-month winter–spring test period, other models reveal a mismatch between forecast accuracy and control performance. Notably, the linear model, ranking mostly lowest in MSE, delivers the third-highest revenue (73%), nearly on par with the second best (79%). This illustrates that prediction accuracy alone is not a reliable proxy for control quality. Even the best realistic setup remains far from the ideal benchmark using perfect forecasts (235% gain). Daily retraining improves some models substantially (linear model to 105%) but has limited effect on others (XGBoost to 107%). These findings emphasize three key insights: (1) standard metrics like MSE may misrepresent the utility of forecasts for control, (2) errors across multiple inputs compound degradation in MPC, and (3) frequent retraining can mitigate losses. Overall, the results underscore the importance of robust forecasting and carefully chosen loss functions in the smart energy systems concept.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Integrating innovations across sectors: Insights from SESAAU2020 towards a smart energy future 社论：跨部门整合创新：SESAAU2020对智能能源未来的见解

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100203

Brian Vad Mathiesen, Nanna Finne Skovrup

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Smart Energy Systems SESAAU2021 社论：智能能源系统SESAAU2021

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100195

Brian Vad Mathiesen, Nanna Finne Skovrup

引用次数: 0

100% renewable energy system for the island of Mauritius by 2050: A techno-economic study 到2050年毛里求斯岛100%可再生能源系统：一项技术经济研究

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100199

M.N. Edoo, Robert T.F. Ah King

{"title":"100% renewable energy system for the island of Mauritius by 2050: A techno-economic study","authors":"M.N. Edoo, Robert T.F. Ah King","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgency of climate change and the need to reduce dependence on expensive and polluting fossil fuels have prompted a transition to renewable energy (RE) in many countries. Mauritius, a small island developing state which relies heavily on imported fossil fuels faces such a challenge. This work presents a techno-economic study of a 100 % RE system incorporating the power, transport and manufacturing sectors of Mauritius in 2050. The novelty of this study lies in it being the first 100 % RE system study for Mauritius. Furthermore, its use of mature and commercially available technologies as opposed to more advanced ones renders it realistic from the perspective of a developing country with limited means. The simulations of key scenarios demonstrate that a 100 % RE system for Mauritius is technically feasible within reasonable costs. Solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage system (BESS) would form the backbone of the 100 % RE system due to their complementarity. It was also found that offshore wind is a valuable resource as it has high-capacity factor (46.4 %) but is also highly seasonal. The switch to a 100 % RE system entails an increase in the cost of final energy, +121 % versus cost in 2016 and + 11 % versus cost in 2022 for the PV-BESS scenario. The large difference between those two years is due to the high volatility of the cost of fossil fuels which the 100 % RE system would shield the country from. Finally, electric vehicles through smart charging and vehicle-to-grid can greatly reduce the cost of electricity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144813916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: A pillar of Sustainable Development – Insights from SDEWES 2020 社论：可持续发展的支柱——来自SDEWES 2020的见解

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100196

Brian Vad Mathiesen, Nanna Finne Skovrup

引用次数: 0

Advancing Smart Energy Systems — Insights from the 9th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems (Aalborg, 2023) 推进智能能源系统——来自第九届智能能源系统国际会议（奥尔堡，2023）的见解

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100194

Brian Vad Mathiesen, Nanna Finne Skovrup

引用次数: 0

Geopolitical risk index for guiding international sustainable energy trade 指导国际可持续能源贸易的地缘政治风险指数

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100200

Tansu Galimova, Chieh-en Chou, Dominik Keiner, Christian Breyer

{"title":"Geopolitical risk index for guiding international sustainable energy trade","authors":"Tansu Galimova, Chieh-en Chou, Dominik Keiner, Christian Breyer","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global fossil fuel markets are volatile, influenced by supply chain disruptions and geopolitical instability. As renewable energy capacities expand and emission reduction efforts intensify, more resilient and equitable trading structures are critical to avoid reproducing similar fossil fuel market vulnerabilities. This study supports informed decision-making in electricity-based fuel trade by developing a Geopolitical Risk Index tailored to the energy sector. The index was constructed through a structured selection and evaluation of existing risk indicators. Relevant indices were identified via literature review and selected based on predefined criteria. Selected indices were categorised into four dimensions: resilience, institutional quality, conflicts, and business conditions. The resulting index provides a quantitative tool for assessing geopolitical risks and evaluating energy trade partnerships. Applied to green e-fuel trade, the index assesses traded volumes and costs based on country-specific production potentials, demand, and risk scores. Results indicate that the European Nordics, Singapore, New Zealand, and Canada are the most geopolitically reliable partners, while conflict-prone nations score lowest. Excluding high-risk partners increases import costs by only 1.7% but reduces supply risks. Without considering risks, Brazil, Yemen, and several sub-Saharan countries dominate exports. Applying risk scores eliminates Yemen and increases export shares from Brazil, Namibia, Angola, and Peru. The index correlates with Moody's sovereign ratings, suggesting it captures broader factors influencing both credit worthiness and trade reliability. Incorporating the Geopolitical Risk Index into energy trade planning can help governments and investors reduce exposure to unstable regions, enhance supply security, and promote a more resilient and sustainable global energy system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systematic approach to analyse methodologies for renewables-based district heating potential assessments – A categorisation and literature review 基于可再生能源的区域供热潜力评估的系统分析方法-分类和文献综述

IF 5

Smart Energy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.segy.2025.100201

Mohammad Saeid Atabaki , Giulia Spirito , Luis Sánchez-García , Urban Persson

{"title":"A systematic approach to analyse methodologies for renewables-based district heating potential assessments – A categorisation and literature review","authors":"Mohammad Saeid Atabaki , Giulia Spirito , Luis Sánchez-García , Urban Persson","doi":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segy.2025.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>District heating systems (DHS) serve as promising infrastructures to harness renewable energy for space heating and domestic hot water purposes. However, the manner in which the potential of renewable energy sources (RES) is assessed varies across sources. This study aims to synthesise knowledge on methodologies for evaluating the integration of various RES into DHS. Key aspects scrutinised in the methodologies include the dimensions addressed, the spatial approaches used, the tools and methods applied, and the overall process followed. A structured literature review process was conducted, reaching 260 documents for full-text review, encompassing scientific publications, national comprehensive assessments, and project reports. The focus has been put on six RES: heat sources for heat pumps (HPs), solar thermal, geothermal heat, biomass, power-2-heat (P2H), and surplus heat. The review highlights surplus heat as the most frequently studied source (35%). Moreover, it shows that from a technological point of view, HPs constitute an indispensable element in integrating most RES (except biomass), particularly in next-generation DHS where reduced supply temperatures enhance HP efficiency. From a methodological perspective, it is observed that spatial mapping is increasingly utilised to deal with the dispersed nature of heat sources and demands. The findings also accentuate the necessity of sector coupling to provide a holistic analysis, given either the inherent interlinkages between the DH sector and others (e.g., in P2H), the derivation of heat from other sectors (e.g., surplus heat), or the multifunctionality of certain heat sources (e.g., geothermal and biomass).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34738,"journal":{"name":"Smart Energy","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100201"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0