{"title":"Fractional-ordered Adams–Bashforth–Moulton (FABM) method for PIηDλ controllers’ numerical simulations for Direct Current (DC) motors in Electric Vehicles (EVs)","authors":"Aashima Bangia , Rashmi Bhardwaj","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The model for the speed control in the Direct Current (DC) motors by developing different simulating models based upon Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers with fractional-ordered Adams–Bashforth–Moulton (ABM) method has been developed. With the aim of more efficient insights, a general closed loop in PID type controllers have been constructed alongwith their implementation. PID control system consists of rule-set essential to monitor the different parameters of the environment. The control of mechanisms through Fractional-order controls (FOC) in real life applications require techniques that would build controllers; tune parameters for accurate and precise monitoring. It is known that PID controllers are sensitive to uncertainties which arise from imprecise knowledge of the kinematics and dynamics therefore an adaptive fractional PID (AFPID) controller has been proposed to use the robustness of fractional-ordered controller. In previous works, FPID controller parameters are constant during control process but in this study these parameters will be updated online with an adequate adaptation mechanism to have better results. Outcomes found to be consistent between represent a step towards understanding the relation between chaotic phenomena and fractional calculus. It has been observed that the <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><msup><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> control dynamics can boost the controllers’ performance by increase of tuning knobs. In addition, the initialization and execution time have decreased substantially from 2.64 to 0.87 secs and 0.5 to 0.15 secs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mathematical modeling and strategy for optimal control of diphtheria","authors":"Hicham Gourram , Mohamed Baroudi , Issam Sahib , Abderrahim Labzai , Khalid Herradi , Mohamed Belam","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research introduces a novel approach to combating diphtheria by presenting a comprehensive optimal control strategy focused on awareness campaigns to avoid direct contact with infected individuals and promote vaccinations. These campaigns highlight the severe complications of diphtheria, such as acute respiratory issues, myocarditis, and neurological paralysis. Additionally, the campaigns emphasize the negative impacts of an unbalanced lifestyle and environmental factors, as well as the importance of timely treatment and psychological support. The model aims to improve control strategies by reducing the number of infected individuals <span><math><mrow><mi>I</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and exposed individuals <span><math><mrow><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, as well as asymptomatic carriers <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, which we have integrated into the model as an aspect that has been relatively unexplored in diphtheria transmission. The optimal controls are meticulously determined using Pontryagin’s maximum principle. The resulting optimality system is solved iteratively, ensuring precision and clarity in the results. Extensive numerical simulations rigorously support and confirm the theoretical analysis using MATLAB, providing concrete evidence of the strategy’s effectiveness. The broader implications and potential applications of this optimal control strategy extend to other infectious diseases, enhancing its relevance and utility in public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new class of third-order iterative methods for multiple roots and their geometric construction","authors":"Carlos E. Cadenas R. , Jorge L. Perera O.","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work aims to provide a class of third-order iterative methods for solving univariate nonlinear equations with multiple roots when the multiplicity is unknown. To obtain the class of methods mentioned above, a univariate nonlinear equation is used that has the same roots as the original equation. However, the roots of this equivalent equation are simple; that is, they have multiplicity one. Therefore, Gander’s theorem can be used to construct a new class of methods. Then the geometric construction of the elements of said class is done, which satisfies the osculance condition. In addition, some families of methods belonging to said class are presented, as well as their geometric construction. Finally, numerical examples are presented where the behavior of some methods belonging to the families within the method class is observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The superiority of feasible solutions-moth flame optimizer using valve point loading","authors":"Mohammad Khurshed Alam , Herwan Sulaiman , Asma Ferdowsi , Md Shaoran Sayem , Md Mahfuzer Akter Ringku , Md. Foysal","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optimal power flow (OPF) problem deals with large-scale, nonlinear, and non-convex optimization challenges, often accompanied by stringent constraints. Apart from the primary operational objectives of an energy system, ensuring load bus voltages remain within acceptable ranges is essential for providing high-quality consumer services. The Moth-Flame Optimizer (MFO) method is inspired by the unique night flight characteristics of moths. Moths, much like butterflies, undergo two distinct life stages: larval and mature. They have evolved the ability to navigate at night using a technique called transverse orientation. This article presents a methodology for determining the optimal energy transmission system configuration by integrating power producers. The MFO, Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Success-history-based Parameter Adaptation Technique of Differential Evolution - Superiority of Feasible Solutions (SHADE-SF), and Superiority of Feasible Solutions-Moth Flame Optimizer (SF-MFO) algorithms are applied to address the OPF problem with two objective functions: (1) reducing energy production costs and (2) minimizing power losses. The efficiency of MFO, SF-MFO, SHADE-SF, and GWO for the OPF challenge is evaluated using IEEE 30-feeder and IEEE 57-feeder systems. Based on the collected data, SF-MFO demonstrated the best performance across all simulated instances. For instance, the electricity production costs generated by SF-MFO are $845.521/hr and $25,908.325/hr for the IEEE 30-feeder and IEEE 57-feeder systems, respectively. This represents a cost savings of 0.37 % and 0.36 % per hour, respectively, compared to the lowest values obtained by other comparative methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust model-based control and stability analysis of PMSM drive with DC-link voltage and parameter variations","authors":"Majid Mehrasa , Hamidreza Gholinezhadomran , Pouya Tarassodi , Eduardo M.G. Rodrigues , Hossein Salehfar","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To ensure a stable operation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive under both DC link voltage and parameter variations, a robust control technique based on a new dynamic model that includes both drive’s and motor’s specifications is proposed in this paper. In the proposed controller, the first component of the drive’s control law consists of the d-component error of the stator current, and the second one is shaped based on the error in the square value of q-component of the stator current. To further deal with the dynamic alterations of the drive system, compensators are designed to reduce the adverse effects of rotor angular frequency variations and the difference between electrical and load torque errors. Another compensator based on the drive’s output power error is also placed at the q-component of the proposed control law. Moreover, a general operation curve (GOC) for the stator current is introduced to further assess the operation of the PMSM. In the next step, a comprehensive stability analysis verifying the stable operation of both d- and q-components of the stator current is performed using two closed-loop descriptions of the proposed control strategy. Several simulation results in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment are provided to verify the validity of the proposed control technique under various dynamic scenarios. It is worth mentioning that comparative results show that the proposed control technique compared to conventional PI controller has enabled the PMSM speed and torque to reach its 50% and 95% of their desirable values with respectively 42.9% and 28.6% less time. Also, the PMSM speed and torque responses due to proposed control technique have 75% less undershoot compared to conventional PI controller.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666720724000997/pdfft?md5=567ae07bd96928418e96a307086f6add&pid=1-s2.0-S2666720724000997-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimum control model of Malicious news spread on Social networks having Hidden accounts","authors":"Ankur Jain , Joydip Dhar","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extremists are increasingly using social media to recruit and radicalize other users and increase their money. Terrorists can use popular social networks accounts and perform their activities in a hidden way. So, it is crucial to create a fruitful mechanism for controlling the spread of misinformation. Otherwise, a large number of people can mislead by this terrorist activity by joining them. Here, we propose malicious news spreading model incorporating hidden attackers of a social network. A threshold is defined for deciding the extinction of malicious news from a social network. Here, we show the importance of network alertness and activity of cybersecurity agencies in the modified model. Moreover, we obtained the optimal values of the control parameters for emergencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666720724000985/pdfft?md5=297cf7c209c0ab6b9b941e12a8ebe1ce&pid=1-s2.0-S2666720724000985-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trapezoidal neutrosophic teaching learning-based optimization in enhancing accuracy of diabetes prognosis","authors":"Nivedita , Seema Agrawal , Tarun Kumar , Kapil Kumar , M.K. Sharma , Vishnu Narayan Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes is one of chronic diseases in which blood glucose (sugar) level soar up high where human body are incapable to absorb it properly. It is important to have an appropriate diagnosis for proper management and treatment. The aim of this manuscript is to provide a more accurate diabetes prediction model through the new adaptive Trapezoidal Neutrosophic Teaching Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) method. In order to address the inherent uncertainties and imprecisions in medical data, the suggested model makes use of the resilience of Trapezoidal Neutrosophic sets. The Trapezoidal Neutrosophic set theory provides a suitable basis for developing rule/knowledge-based systems in the medical field. The present investigation makes use of the dataset acquired from the Pima Indians Diabetes Database (PIDD) website, which has an extensive global collection of diabetes datasets. The performance of our model is evaluated against several existing methodologies, including Intuitionistic Neuro-Fuzzy System (INFS) Structure, Fuzzy Logic based Diabetes Diagnosis System (FLDDS), Fuzzy Verdict Mechanism (FVM) for Diabetes Decision, (Fuzzy Expert System) FES, and Hierarchical Neuro-Fuzzy Binary space partitioning System (HNFB-1). Quantitative analysis validates that proposed methodology achieves an exceptional predictive accuracy of 99.89 %, which is substantially higher than the comparative methodologies, namely INFS Structure (88.76 %), FLDDS (87.2 %), FVM for Diabetes Decision (85.03 %), FES (81.7 %), and HNFB-1 (78.26 %). These enhancements demonstrate show how well the suggested model works to lower diagnostic errors and increase dependability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Necessary or sufficient condition for Alexandroff topological spaces to be cordial graphic","authors":"A. Divya , K. Ramya , D. Sasikala","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we explore the property of being a cordial graphic and establish that it corresponds to an Alexandroff topological space. We analyze how the characteristics of cordial graphs align with the principles of Alexandroff topology and provide insights into their topological structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666720724000973/pdfft?md5=310cf5c5b78bef3ba541fc8c90cb528b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666720724000973-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Chazuka , C.W. Chukwu , D. Mathebula , E. Mudimu
{"title":"Strategic approaches to mitigating Hookworm infection: An optimal control and cost-effectiveness analysis","authors":"Z. Chazuka , C.W. Chukwu , D. Mathebula , E. Mudimu","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human hookworm infection remains a serious threat to public health, particularly in highly endemic regions. The high mortality rate associated with this infection emphasizes the urgent need for effective control measures and intervention strategies to curb its spread. A nonlinear deterministic hookworm model with saturated incidence is investigated in this paper. The model exhibits a unique disease-free and endemic equilibria, and the reproduction number is computed and explained. Sensitivity analysis shows that increasing the transmission rate, <span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span> the hatching rate, <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>, the number of eggs excreted within the environment, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span> and the rate of excretion of the eggs, <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span> significantly increases the reproduction number. Based on this analysis, we extend the model to consider optimal control in the presence of three time-dependent controls namely: sanitation, preventative chemotherapy, and shoe-wearing. We define an objective function to be minimized and the conditions necessary for the optimal control are established and proved using Pontryagin’s maximum principle. We present a one-way analysis of variance to evaluate the impact of constant implementation of the control measures on the number of infected individuals. Numerical simulations also show that hookworm infection can be contained in the presence of all control measures. However, a cost-effectiveness analysis shows that combining shoe-wearing control with preventative chemotherapy is the most cost-effective measure for controlling hookworm infection. The results presented hold substantial implications for public health policy, especially in low-income regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictive analytics in customer behavior: Anticipating trends and preferences","authors":"Hamed GhorbanTanhaei, Payam Boozary, Sogand Sheykhan, Maryam Rabiee, Farzam Rahmani, Iman Hosseini","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rico.2024.100462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to effectively manage their customers, businesses need to thoroughly analyze the costs and advantages associated with various alternative expenditures and investments and determine the most effective way to allocate resources to marketing and sales activities over time. Those in charge of making decisions will reap the benefits of decision support models that estimate the value of the customer portfolio and tie expenses to customers' purchasing behavior. In the current work, various machine learning algorithms such as Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RT), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and gradient boosting are used to predict customer behavior. The evaluation criteria considered in the work include precision, recall, F1-Score, and ROC-AUC. The accuracy values obtained for DT, RT, LR, SVM, and gradient boosting are 0.787, 0.806, 0.826, 0.826, and 0.823, respectively. The results emphasize RT and LR's good performance, while the values of 0.620, 1, 0.766, and 0.878 for the precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC score outperform the rest. The novelty of this work lies in employing a comprehensive set of machine learning algorithms to predict customer behavior, with a particular emphasis on the superior performance of RF and LR models, as demonstrated by their high precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC values.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666720724000924/pdfft?md5=b23f40ed16806706eca508f6e023a657&pid=1-s2.0-S2666720724000924-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}