Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina最新文献

{"title":"Cardiovascular system damage in children with COVID-19","authors":"I.Yu. Seriakova, S.O. Kramarov, V.V. Yevtushenko, N.S. Kyrytsia, V.O. Shadrin, O.O. Voronov, I.V. Shpak, L.O. Palatna, L.R. Kurakova, A.M. Tsymbalenko","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.133.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.133.6","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of the E-selectin marker in relation to manifestations of damage to the cardiovascular system in children with COVID-19. Materials and methods. We conducted a cohort, observational, retrospective study involving 88 patients aged 1 month to 18 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction. The children were hospitalized in Kyiv City Children’s Clinical Infectious Disease Hospital. We divided the examined cohort into two groups according to the course of the disease - the main group, which included 42 patients with a complicated course of COVID-19, and the control group - 46 patients with an uncomplicated course of the disease. In the study, we took into account the data of ECG, patient complaints and clinical symptoms. During the comprehensive examination of the patients on the first day of their stay in the hospital, the blood serum of the patients was collected for the purpose of its further examination for the level of E-selectin by enzyme immunoassay. Statistical, analytical methods and the method of empirical research were used in the research. To calculate the obtained results, we used the statistical program “Statistical software EZR v. 1.54”. Results. In patients of the control group, E-selectin was observed at the level of 12.02±1.7 ng/ml, while in the children of the main one, the indicator was higher, it was 15.04±1.9 ng/ml (p=0.034). According to the assessment of the prognostic value, we found that an increase in the level of E-selectin above 10 ng/ml is associated with a significant increase in the risk of the appearance of clinical symptoms of the cardiovascular system in children with COVID-19 (p<0.05). We also noted a tendency for the marker to grow with objective changes on the ECG. Conclusions. We discovered the diagnostic and prognostic value of the E-selectin marker in children with COVID-19 regarding the manifestations of damage to the cardiovascular system in children with COVID-19. An increase in the level of E-selectin above 10 ng/ml is associated with a significant increase in the risk of the appearance of clinical symptoms of damage to the cardiovascular system (p<0.05) and objective changes during instrumental examination (p<0.1). The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. Written consent from patients was not required, as the study is retrospective and uses data from routine medical records. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity of teenagers in conditions of social restriction","authors":"L.I. Rak, V.L. Kashina-Yarmak, A.V. Yeshchenko","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.133.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.133.39","url":null,"abstract":"A decrease in active movement is the cause of many diseases of modern man. The majority of schoolchildren in Ukraine (70.6% of boys and 83.0% of girls, 2016) did not follow recommendations for physical activity (PA). During the quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic, children’s PA was limited in many countries of the world. Increasing motor activity is one of the powerful means of preventing a number of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Purpose - to determine the levels of PA of adolescents in the conditions of quarantine restrictions in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic; to establish the types of activities that ensure sufficient and low motor activity; to indicate ways of increasing it in adolescence. Materials and methods. The analysis of 138 questionnaires of teenagers aged 10-18 from spring 2020 to February 2022 was carried out: 68 girls and 70 boys. PA of adolescents was assessed using the International Adapted Physical Activity Questionnaire. All types of РA during the week (sports sections, active games, morning exercise, hiking, physical education classes) and the time spent on each type were taken into account. A total score of up to 7 points corresponded to low РA, from 7 to 8.9 to moderate, more than 9 to high РA. Results. 50.1% of teenagers had low FA, 22.4% middle, and 27.5% high. In the group of teenagers with low РA, only a third had motor games in the fresh air and morning exercises, 62% of them attended physical education classes and 18% - a sports section. Children with average РA in 35% of cases attended the section, 84% - physical education classes, and every second one did morning exercises and had active games. High РA consisted of a combination of sports (82%) and physical education lessons (87%), active games (66%) and morning exercises (68%). Almost all teenagers, regardless of the level of РA, had walks, but for every third person with low РA, their duration did not exceed 30 minutes. With average and high РA, the duration of walks in most people was more than 40 minutes. Conclusions. A more important task for educators, parents, doctors and the state as a whole is to increase the motivation of teenagers to physical culture and expand health and sports areas, their adaptation in periods of social restrictions. To achieve optimal РА, both the variety of types of activity and their duration are important. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical-instrumental, cytological and inflammatory markers of airway remodeling in children with bronchial asthma","authors":"O.K. Koloskova, S.I. Tarnavska, К.P. Burynіuk-Hlovіak, O.O. Shakhova, M.O. Pytlyk-Yashchenko","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.133.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.133.72","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - to investigate the clinical-instrumental, cytological and inflammatory characteristics of the disease in children with bronchial asthma, taking into account the content of the remodeling marker matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the sputum to optimize the timely detection of structural remodeling of the bronchi. Materials and methods. A cohort of 99 children with BA was examined by the method of random sampling in the conditions of the Pulmonary Allergology Department of the RMCE CRCCH. All children underwent a complex clinical and paraclinical examination with the determination of the cytological composition of sputum, the determination of bronchial hyperreactivity and their hypersensitivity in a sample with serial dilution of histamine, the study of the concentration of metabolites of nitrogen monoxide in peripheral blood and condensate of pulmonary expiratory air. Two clinical groups were formed. The Group I included 55 patients in whom the content of MMP-9 in the sputum supernatant did not reach the level of 5.4 ng/ml, and the II group was formed by 44 patients with MMP-9 content ≥5.4 ng/ml. The main clinical characteristics of the observation groups were comparable. Results. It was established that the risk of a clinically more severe exacerbation of the disease is twice as high in children with an increased content of MMP-9 in the sputum (relative risk - 1.4, odds ratio - 2.0) with the preservation of this trend during 5 days of inpatient treatment. The work also shows that in patients with an increased content of MMP-9 in sputum, the concentration of FeNO more than 22.0 μmol/l occurs twice as often as in the first clinical group (pφ<0.05). This finding reflects the association of the processes of allergic inflammation of the respiratory tract and their remodeling. The results of the PC20H bronchoprovocation test indicate statistically significantly lower levels of the provocation dose and provocation concentration of histamine, which corresponds to significant bronchial hypersensitivity, the chances of which increase against the background of the accumulation of MMP-9 in sputum: 27.7 times for PC20H (FEV1) <3.7mg/ml and 48.8 times for PD20H (FEV1) <0.8mg. Conclusions. An increase in the content of MMP-9 in the supernatant fluid of sputum was associated with a more severe course of exacerbations of bronchial asthma in children, an increase in the content of metabolites of nitrogen monoxide in the blood and lung expiratory air, more pronounced signs of bronchial hypersensitivity. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonspecific aortoarteritis (Takayasu’s disease): a clinical case in pediatric practice","authors":"H.M. Dutchak, O.B. Synoverska, Yu.I. Alekseeva, O.Y. Tsaruk, O.V. Kuzenko","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.133.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.133.115","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents modern data on a relatively rare and life-threatening disease - non-specific aortoarteritis (Takayasu's disease) and its features in childhood. This disease belongs to the group of systemic vasculitis, which is based on non-specific non-infectious inflammation of the aorta and its branches, which leads to deformation of the vascular lumen and secondary tissue ischemia. Damage to vital organs in this disease leads to the development of severe complications and the risk of sudden death. Purpose - to cite a case of Takayasu's disease from our own practice, taking into account the rarity of the disease, lack of awareness and clinical vigilance of pediatricians and family doctors regarding this pathology. A clinical case of non-specific aortoarteritis in a 17-year-old patient who was examined and treated at the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Children's Hospital was considered. Features of clinical symptoms, laboratory biomarkers, methods of visualization the level of lesions of main vessels are given. Information on methods of treatment of this patient according to the updated recommendations of the European Antirheumatic League (EULAR, 2018) is provided. Conclusions. Nonspecific aortoarteritis is a rare, difficult to diagnose and insufficiently studied autoimmune disease. Late diagnosis significantly increases the risk of a child's sudden death. Modern non-invasive imaging methods are crucial for making a diagnosis, assessing the extent of the disease and choosing treatment tactics. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The informed consent of the child's parents and the patient was obtained for the description of the clinical case. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic complications in the debut of systemic lupus erythematosus in children","authors":"T.V. Pochynok, T.I. Lutai, N.I. Gorobets","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.133.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.133.102","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune multisystem disease that is more severe in children than in adults. The mortality of patients with SLE without treatment reaches 95.3% during the first 5 years from the onset of the disease. SLE develops more often in women. The ratio between girls and boys affected by SLE in prepubertal age is approximately 4.5:1 - 5:1, and in pubertal age - 9:1 - 10:1. Purpose - to show, on the basis of clinical observation, the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment in the debut of SLE in children. Clinical case. A 16-year-old child was treated in the children’s department of Road Hospital No. 1 with a diagnosis of «acute glomerulonephritis with leading incomplete nephrotic syndrome, hematuria, hypertension, tubulointerstitial component; a period of extensive clinical manifestations, with impaired kidney function. Postazotemic anemia. Secondary myelosuppression». She was admitted with complaints of swelling of the legs and face, changes in urine tests (proteinuria 1.65 g/day, leukocyturia 45-50 in the field of vision, erythrocyturia 35-40-50 in the field of vision). She considered herself sick when she noticed swelling of the ankle joints. Three weeks before admission to the hospital, she suffered acute pharyngitis (negative antistreptolysin O titer). Allergological history is not burdensome. At 6 years old - chicken pox. The child was prescribed corticosteroid therapy (prednisolone 50 mg/day), against the background of which, in the 4th week, the creatinine level normalized, but hypoproteinemia, elevated cholesterol, and proteinuria persisted, which indicated the lack of effect from CS therapy. Cytostatic therapy was started (leukeran - 8 mg/day (3 weeks); 4 mg/day - 3 weeks). Despite complex therapy, the child developed complete nephrotic syndrome, kidney failure six months later. During the examination of the patient, antinuclear antibodies with a titer &gt;80 were detected, which gave rise to the calculation of additional criteria points (17 points) in accordance with the diagnostic criteria for SLE proposed by the European Antirheumatic League (EULAR) and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), 2019. A diagnosis was made: SLE. Lupus nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, period of extensive clinical manifestations. Arterial hypertension; anemia I st. severity; azotemia; 2-3 degree of activity of the pathological process. Conclusions. SLE in children is difficult to diagnose, especially in the absence of clinical polymorphism and systemic lesions. It is advisable to use the criteria proposed by EULAR and ACR, 2019, which are the most sensitive and specific in diagnosis. Treatment of patients with LN is individualized; the use of different treatment schemes depends on the severity of the pathological process. Early diagnosis of kidney damage in SLE using the criteria proposed by EULAR and ACR, 2019, and biopsy will contribute to the timely determination of the tactics and strategy of the child’s management, a","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities of verification of community-acquired pneumonia in children by changes in multiparametric polarization-phase microscopy of polycrystalline membranes of pulmonary expiratory condensate","authors":"R.V. Tkachuk, O.K. Koloskova, M.N. Garas, Т.М. Bilous, V.I. Antoniichuk","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.133.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.133.24","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of early diagnosis and selection of target treatment of pneumonia in children during the years of the COVID-19 pandemic became acute, in particular, with regard to predicting the risk of severe disease, which prompted the search for new non-invasive diagnostic methods for verifying inflammation of the lung parenchyma. Purpose - to increase the effectiveness of the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia in children based on the analysis of the diagnostic value of the method of multiparameter polarization-phase microscopy of polycrystalline membranes of pulmonary expiratory condensate in the aspect of differential diagnosis in relation to patients with infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Materials and methods. In the Chernivtsi Regional Pediatric Hospital, 98 children with infectious inflammatory respiratory diseases were examined, in particular, 64 patients with pneumonia and 34 children suffering from infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Biological material was collected from patients on the first day of hospitalization. The investigation of the laser-polarimetric images structure of pulmonary expiratory condensate was carried out in the traditional arrangement of the Stokes polarimeter. A universal analytical statistical approach was used for each two-dimensional distribution of the polarization azimuth values of the polycrystalline membranes of pulmonary expiratory condensate, namely, the determination of a set of statistical moments of the 1st to 4th orders (mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis). The obtained results were analyzed using methods of clinical epidemiology. Results. Polarization azimuth indexes and histograms of their values were determined for images of pulmonary expiratory samples of both groups of children. The comparative analysis of the obtained data confirmed that both samples are characterized by optical heterogeneity as an increase in the sensitivity of polarization mapping of lung expiratory samples. An increase in the optical anisotropy of polycrystalline membranes of lung expiratory condensate from patients with pneumonia was also revealed. The obtained indexes of all statistical moments for the purpose of pneumonia verifying had high sensitivity exceeding 98% and sufficient specificity. Conclusions. Sufficient diagnostic value of the method of multi-parameter polarization-phase microscopy of pulmonary expiratory air, which can be used in the verification of inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma in children relative to patients with infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, has been established. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135469724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of the rs754635 variant of the cholecystokinin gene in the development of obesity in children","authors":"A. Nikulina","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.133.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.133.17","url":null,"abstract":"So far, the possible influence of single nucleotide variants (SNV) of the cholecystokinin (CCK) gene on the likelihood of developing obesity and metabolic disorders in children has not been demonstrated. The aim of the study SNV associations of the CSK gene to predict the probability of obesity and personalize the development trajectory of various metabolic disorders associated with obesity in children. Materials and methods. 252 obese children aged 6-18 years were examined. The main group (n=152) was represented by children with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). The control group (n=100) consolidated of children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Whole genome sequencing (CeGat, Germany) was performed in 31 children of the main and 21 children of the control group. Serum levels of interleukin-1β were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) method, interleukin-6 - by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Synevo, Ukraine. Results. The G allele of SNV rs754635 of the CCK gene was significantly more frequent among children with both MHO (t=10.93; p<0.05) and MUO (t=12.96; p<0.05) compared to healthy individuals. The G allele of SNV rs754635 of the CCK gene was associated with basal hyperglycemia (r=0.44) and impaired carbohydrate tolerance (r=0.33) in the MHO phenotype and with the atherogenicity index of the lipid spectrum (r=0.40) and was inversely correlated with the level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (r=-0.58) in children with MUO phenotype, p<0.05. Conclusions. The G allele SNV rs754635 of the CCK gene is associated with obesity and the development of metabolic disorders. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. Informed consent of parents or their guardians was obtained for conducting research. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of the psychological state of internally displaced school-age children and adolescents in war conditions","authors":"G. Danylenko, L. Strashok, T. Sydorenko, M. Isakova, E. Zavelya, M. Vodolazhskyi","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.132.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.132.51","url":null,"abstract":"Since the war escalated on February 24th, 2022, 1,148 children have been killed or injured, and nearly 5.9 million have become internally displaced persons (IDPs) according to UNICEF. The state of health of children who are IDPs requires the close attention of doctors and psychologists. Purpose - to investigate the psychological and psycho-emotional state of schoolchildren and adolescents who are IDPs in the conditions of war in order to substantiate the strategy and tactics of the use of health-preserving technology. Materials and methods. Psychological and psycho-emotional state of 1017 school-age children and adolescents who are IDPs aged 11-17 years and their parents (n=1231) who lived in Lviv and the Lviv region at the time of the study. In May 2022 anonymous questionnaire was conducted for them. The questionnaires were developed by the executors of the scientific research work «To study the age and gender characteristics of the predictors of the transformation of behavioral risk factors for the health of adolescents in the conditions of war». Results. It was found that 53.9% of children were forced to be separated from their families, 21.3% were under shelling; 5.8±0.7% experienced the death of their relatives; 11.4±1.0% suffered from hunger, lack of drinking water and cold. One in three children felt helpless and despair, and one in five had panic attacks. At the same time, 85% of children believed that the horrors of war would end and everything would be fine. 23% of children experienced dizziness, headaches, heart palpitations, and abdominal pain when there was no reason for it. 26.5% of children sought medical help. Conclusions. Almost a third of all interviewees had a constant feeling of anxiety, a fifth had panic attacks, a sense of danger, insecurity. Children had increased negative emotions compared to pre-war times. One third of the children’s mental health has deteriorated, but almost none of them have sought psychological support from specialists. Feelings of dizziness, headache, rapid heartbeat, abdominal pain, when there was no reason for this, were identified in every fifth child, which can be the basis for the formation of psychosomatic pathology. The factor that stabilized the psycho-emotional state of both children and their parents was the belief that the horrors of the war will end and everything will be fine, and almost 85% of the respondents answered this way. This indirectly indicates a sufficient potential for viability. The organization of a multidisciplinary team consisting of psychologists, doctors, and teachers is an actual form of medical and psychological assistance to school-age children and adolescents who are IDPs. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was decl","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43775349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of antibodies to SARS-COV-2 in children and adolescents: a single-center study","authors":"N. Shlyakhova, L. Rak, N. Shevchenko, T. Holovko","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.132.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.132.62","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the fact that children with COVID-19 are usually asymptomatic or mild, infection with SARS-CoV-2 is more likely to lead to the development of an antibody response. Understanding humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2, including in children, is critical for future public health and vaccination strategies. Children with chronic diseases deserve special attention. Purpose - to study the prevalence of positive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents who were in paediatric hospital without signs of viral disease to develop future healthcare strategies. Materials and methods. In 32 children aged 6-17 years (14 (43.8%) boys and 16 (56.2%) girls) quantitative determination of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in blood serum was carried out by enzyme immunoassay using commercial SARS-CoV-2 S1RBD IgG Ab ELISA (TECAN, IBL International GmbH, Germany). Results. The majority (n=27, 84.4%) of children had a positive level of class G antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. 7 (25.9%) children had a positive PCR test in their anamnesis, 6 (18.8%) persons provided information about the infection transmitted by family members. Clinical manifestations characteristic of SARS-CoV-19 were present in 2 (7.4%) children. Parents of 18 (66.7%) children claimed that their children had no symptoms of COVID-19, while family members of 6 (33.3%) children had cases of the disease. All children (n=6, 18.8%) who were vaccinated with two doses of Comirnaty® vaccine had positive IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were absent in 5 (15.4%) people, all of them were patients with type 1 diabetes. Conclusions. The study of the prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 provides important information about circulating antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents, in particular those with chronic diseases. The obtained results showed the predominant seropositivity of children, which is formed regardless of the clinical manifestations of the disease. A high level of antibodies under the conditions of revaccination confirms the benefit of revaccination of children to strengthen memory formation. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43802655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of NF-kB in the mechanisms of inflammation of the stomach’s mucosa in children","authors":"V. Bobrova","doi":"10.15574/sp.2023.132.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.132.23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. One of the important and unresolved issues of pediatric gastroenterology remains study of inflammation mechanisms of the stomach’s mucosa, as well as factors that regulate inflammatory reactions. Nowadays, there are many studies devoted to the research of the nuclear role of factor kappa B (NF-kB) in the regulation of the level of gene expression that control proliferation, cell apoptosis, angiogenesis, and determine the nature and expressiveness of the inflammatory process in adults. However, there are no conclusion regardless the role of NF-kB in the regulation of the mechanisms of inflammation development in the stomach’s mucosa of chronic gastritis (CG) in children. Purpose - to study the level of NF-κB activity depending on the degree of gastric mucosa inflammation of chronic gastritis in children. Materials and methods. We observed 76 children aged 8-16 years with verified chronic gastritis. To verify the diagnosis, all children underwent a morphological examination of the stomach’s mucosa in the fundal and antral departments of the stomach. An indirect streptavidin-peroxidase method of protection using polyclonal antibodies to NF-kB was used for immunohistochemical research. Results. On the basis of the morphological study of gastric biopsies, we discovered inflammatory changes based of lymphocytic infiltration, microcirculatory disorders of the stomach’s mucosa with the subsequent development of stroma lamina propria fibrosis. During the immunohistochemical study of gastric biopsies, a high level of NF-kB expression was noted in the cytoplasm with a pronounced degree of inflammation, atrophy, and lymphocytic infiltration of the stomach’s mucosa. Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the morphological signs of the formation of an early chronic inflammatory process in gastritis in children. The transcription factor NF-kB determines the level of inflammatory activity and plays a leading role in the mechanism of development of chronic gastritis in children. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.","PeriodicalId":34724,"journal":{"name":"Suchasna pediatriia Ukrayina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46026986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}