发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Recent Declines in Labor's Share in US Income: A Preliminary Neoclassical Account 最近美国劳动收入占比的下降:新古典主义的初步解释
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-06-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2622613
Robert Z. Lawrence
{"title":"Recent Declines in Labor's Share in US Income: A Preliminary Neoclassical Account","authors":"Robert Z. Lawrence","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2622613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2622613","url":null,"abstract":"As shown in the 1930s by Hicks and Robinson the elasticity of substitution (`sigma`) is a key parameter that captures whether capital and labor are gross complements or substitutes. Establishing the magnitude of `sigma` is vital, not only for explaining changes in the distribution of income between factors but also for undertaking policy measures to influence it. Several papers have explained the recent decline in labor's share in income by claiming that `sigma` is greater than one and that there has been capital deepening. This paper presents evidence that refutes these claims. It shows that despite a rise in measured capital-labor ratios, labor-augmenting technical change in the US has been sufficiently rapid that effective capital-labor ratios have actually fallen in the sectors and industries that account for the largest portion of the declining labor share in income since 1980. In combination with estimates that corroborate the consensus in the literature that σ is less than 1, these declines in the effective capital ratio can account for much of the recent fall in labor's share in US income at both the aggregate and industry level. Paradoxically, these results also suggest that increased capital formation would raise labor's share in income.","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133979024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 132
Taxation of Labour Income and the Skilled-Unskilled Wage Inequality 劳动收入征税和熟练工人与非熟练工人的工资不平等
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-02-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2391078
S. Anwar, Sizhong Sun
{"title":"Taxation of Labour Income and the Skilled-Unskilled Wage Inequality","authors":"S. Anwar, Sizhong Sun","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2391078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2391078","url":null,"abstract":"Using a simple general equilibrium model of a small open economy that produces (i) an industrial good, (ii) an agricultural good, and (iii) a sector specific intermediate good, under competitive conditions, this paper examines the impact of a tax on labour on skilled-unskilled wage inequality. It is shown that, when all goods are traded, a tax on labour in the industrial sector increases skilled-unskilled wage inequality. On the other hand, a tax on labour in the intermediate good sector has the opposite effect. However, when the intermediate good is non-traded, the impact of a tax on labour in either of the two sectors is negative. Furthermore, irrespective of whether or not the intermediate good is traded, a tax on labour in the agricultural sector increases skilled-skilled wage inequality.","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124410771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
How Income Inequality Affects Government Redistribution: The Median Voter Versus the Elites 收入不平等如何影响政府再分配:中间选民与精英选民
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-02-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2562131
T. Hungerford
{"title":"How Income Inequality Affects Government Redistribution: The Median Voter Versus the Elites","authors":"T. Hungerford","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2562131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2562131","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the link between income inequality and redistribution. Specifically, how inequality of market incomes affects (1) the size of the tax and transfer system, and (2) the redistributive effect of the tax and transfer system. Two models of government decision-making — the median voter model and the elites model — suggest there is a relationship between inequality and redistribution and the models predict a different relationship between the two. Panel data from 15 countries over 29 years is used to estimate the relation between inequality and redistribution. The results are consistent with the elites model — a higher concentration of income at the top of the income distribution leads to a lower redistributive effect of the tax and transfer system.","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126603402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Inequality and the Financial Accumulation Process: A Computational Economic Analysis of Income and Wealth Dynamics 不平等和金融积累过程:收入和财富动态的计算经济分析
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-01-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2557883
Y. Biondi, Simone Righi
{"title":"Inequality and the Financial Accumulation Process: A Computational Economic Analysis of Income and Wealth Dynamics","authors":"Y. Biondi, Simone Righi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2557883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2557883","url":null,"abstract":"Our computational economic analysis investigates the relationship between inequality and the financial accumulation process in the study of income and wealth distributions. Extending the baseline model by Levy et al., we characterise the economic process trough featured return structures generating alternative stylised evolutions of income and wealth through historical time. First we explore the limited heuristic contribution of one and two factors models comprising one single stock (capital wealth) and one single flow factor (labour) as pure drivers of income and wealth generation and allocation over time. Then we introduce heuristic models of taxation and financial market pricing in line with the baseline approach. Our computational economic analysis corroborates that the financial accumulation process featuring compound returns plays a significant role as socioeconomic source of inequality, while institutional configurations play a significant role in framing and shaping the aggregate economic process that evolves over socioeconomic space and time.An updated version is available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2628536","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117107040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Demand Composition and Income Distribution 需求构成与收入分配
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781498323888.001.A001
D. Pothier, Damien Puy
{"title":"Demand Composition and Income Distribution","authors":"D. Pothier, Damien Puy","doi":"10.5089/9781498323888.001.A001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781498323888.001.A001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights how changes in the composition of demand affect income dispersionin the short run. We first document how the share of aggregate spending dedicated tolabour-intensive goods and services shrinks (expands) during downturns (booms), andargue that this contributes to the observed pro-cyclicality of employment and output inlabour-intensive industries. Using a two-sector general equilibrium model, we then assesshow this demand composition channel influences the cyclical properties of the incomedistribution. Consistent with empirical evidence, we find income inequality to be countercyclicaldue to changes in the level of employment and (to a lesser extent) relative factorprices. The model also shows that wealth redistribution policies can potentially involve atrade-off between equality and output, depending on how they affect the composition ofaggregate demand.","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"CATV-4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132727360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Efficiency Based Measures of Inequality 基于效率的不平等衡量
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-11-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2458917
Costel Andonie, Christoph Kuzmics, Brian W. Rogers
{"title":"Efficiency Based Measures of Inequality","authors":"Costel Andonie, Christoph Kuzmics, Brian W. Rogers","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2458917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2458917","url":null,"abstract":"How should we make value judgments about wealth inequality? Harsanyi (1953) proposes to take an individual who evaluates her well-being by expected utility and ask her to evaluate the wealth possibilities ex-ante (i.e. before she finds her place in society, i.e., under the \"veil of ignorance\" of Rawls (1971)) assuming that she will be allocated any one of the possible wealth levels with equal probability. We propose a different notion of how wealth levels are allocated, based on a competition or contest. We find that inequality can be captured through the equilibrium properties of such a game. We connect the inequality measures so derived to existing measures of inequality, and demonstrate the conditions under which they satisfy the received key axioms of inequality measures (anonymity, homogeneity and the Pigou-Dalton transfer principle). Our approach also provides a natural way to discuss the tradeoff between greater total wealth and greater inequality.","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128821854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Making the Most of Capital in the 21st Century 充分利用21世纪的资本
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-06-01 DOI: 10.3386/W20232
P. Lindert
{"title":"Making the Most of Capital in the 21st Century","authors":"P. Lindert","doi":"10.3386/W20232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W20232","url":null,"abstract":"Thomas Piketty's monumental Capital in the Twenty-First Century has transported us to a higher understanding of historical movements in inequality. This essay ranks the promise of different paths that scholars can usefully follow from the point to which his book has guided us. The main path to follow is the income inequality history so well paved by Piketty and his team, supported by the book's history of twentieth-century shocks and political responses. Less promising is the book's emphasis on wealth, capital, and the rate of return. Following the income route to better inequality predictions requires merging his team's history of top income shares with the history of inequality movements within the lower 90 percent. It also invites a merger with other scholarship that has shown positive growth effects of the kind of democracy Piketty calls for.","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122159017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
Nonlinearity and Cross-Country Dependence of Income Inequality 收入不平等的非线性和跨国依赖性
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-05-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2438361
Tuomas Malinen, Leena Kalliovirta
{"title":"Nonlinearity and Cross-Country Dependence of Income Inequality","authors":"Tuomas Malinen, Leena Kalliovirta","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2438361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2438361","url":null,"abstract":"We use top income data and the newly developed regime switching Gaussian mixture vector autoregressive model to explain the dynamics of income inequality in developed economies during the last 100 years. Our results indicate that the process of income inequality consists of two equilibriums identifiable by high inequality, high variance and low inequality, low variance. Our results also show that income inequality in the US is the driver of changes in income inequality in other developed economies.","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126679684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Capital Gains Lock-In and Governance Choices 资本收益锁定和治理选择
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2291827
Stephen G. Dimmock, W. Gerken, Z. Ivkovich, Scott J. Weisbenner
{"title":"Capital Gains Lock-In and Governance Choices","authors":"Stephen G. Dimmock, W. Gerken, Z. Ivkovich, Scott J. Weisbenner","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2291827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2291827","url":null,"abstract":"Differences in accrued gains and investors’ tax-sensitivity induce variation in a capital gains lock-in effect across mutual funds even for the same stock at the same time. Exploiting this variation, we show this effect influences funds’ governance decisions: higher capital gains decrease the likelihood a fund exits prior to contentious votes and increase the likelihood a fund votes against management. Consistent with tax motivation, these findings are concentrated among funds with tax-sensitive investors. Further, high aggregate capital gains across funds holding a stock predict a higher likelihood management loses a vote and a lower likelihood a contentious vote is proposed.","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"12 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113940969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 46
Post-1970 Trends in Within-Country Inequality and Poverty: Rich and Middle Income Countries 1970年后国家内部不平等和贫困的趋势:富裕和中等收入国家
PSN: Income Inequality (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59428-0.00009-6
Salvatore Morelli, T. Smeeding, Jeffrey Thompson
{"title":"Post-1970 Trends in Within-Country Inequality and Poverty: Rich and Middle Income Countries","authors":"Salvatore Morelli, T. Smeeding, Jeffrey Thompson","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-444-59428-0.00009-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59428-0.00009-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":346888,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Income Inequality (Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121290575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 92
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：604180095
Book学术官方微信