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Age determination and the importance of teeth in forensic odontology: A retrospective review 年龄测定和牙齿在法医牙科学中的重要性:回顾性回顾
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2017-08-19 DOI: 10.18099/ijetv.v3i1.8794
G. Sam
{"title":"Age determination and the importance of teeth in forensic odontology: A retrospective review","authors":"G. Sam","doi":"10.18099/ijetv.v3i1.8794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v3i1.8794","url":null,"abstract":"Because of illegal immigrations, particularly after the so called Arab spring and the growing incidence of natural and man-made disasters which regrettably was very common in the last three to four decades, age determination has gained increasing importance in legal medicine. Forensic odontology is a branch of dentistry which deals with the proper handling and examination of dental evidence and the proper evaluation and presentation of dental findings in the interest of justice. There are various methods are used in Dentistry as an Evidence in Forensic Identification. Dental maturity, have a very imperative position in the assessment of age in children and adolescents forensic examinations. As time passes, with the increase in human greed and aspirations to conquer more and more nations in the false name of ‘removal of the dictators’ and the ‘forceful imposition of imported western democracy’ that has produced devastating results in the middle east and ultimately resulting in illegal mass immigration occurring towards Europe, eventually resulting in increase of crime and other legal and illegal activities, Forensic odontology as a branch in dentistry will continue to play its important role in legal medicine.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126820891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical ethics and law in health care system 医疗卫生系统中的临床伦理与法律
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2017-08-19 DOI: 10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8793
Abhinav Gorea
{"title":"Clinical ethics and law in health care system","authors":"Abhinav Gorea","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8793","url":null,"abstract":"Different situations arise while treating the patients when there are ethical dilemmas to give one or other type of treatment or not to do anything. Sometimes doctors and nurses consider that what is good for the patient must be done because the patient does not understand the situation and consequences. This may lead to complete cure and patient usually goes back to home happily but sometimes a complication may occur and the patient may sue the health care providers. When such situations are analyzed then principles of ethics and law are considered to see if any of these have been violated or not to reach the conclusion. In this study principles of law and ethics of treatment have been discussed to reach the right conclusion; which will be helpful in situations where there are ethical dilemmas during the treatment.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124215367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification from bite marks in a sexual assault case involving multiple assailants by DNA profiling 在一起涉及多名攻击者的性侵案件中，通过咬痕进行DNA鉴定
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2017-08-19 DOI: 10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8797
Rajinderpal Singh, Pankaj Mahla, R. K. Gorea, Sarabjeet Singh, Y. Sharma
{"title":"Identification from bite marks in a sexual assault case involving multiple assailants by DNA profiling","authors":"Rajinderpal Singh, Pankaj Mahla, R. K. Gorea, Sarabjeet Singh, Y. Sharma","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8797","url":null,"abstract":"Bite mark evidence is often introduced as being close to DNA in terms of accuracy. Bite marks are generally found at the scene of violent crime murders, sexual assaults and are an extremely difficult process to collect the bite marks/saliva sample very lightly, otherwise, only victim profile will be generated. On examination of victim's right breast, a patterned injury was discovered and determined to be from adult male’s teeth. Evidence was collected by the forensic doctor according to established techniques including recovery of saliva from the bite mark area despite the body. DNA analysis by PCR using polymorphic STR markers revealed a DNA profile of mixed origin. With the advent of more sensitive typing methodologies, fingernails clipping for foreign DNA, as well as swabs collected from the area on the victim's body (kissed, licked, genital area, bitten area from breast and lips), are analyzed. In addition, finger swabs for nail scrapping in the case of digital penetration could also be collected from the suspect for DNA analysis, findings new repeats of DNA. Generally, Victim’s DNA profile, a genotype contribution from the perpetrator was identified as a minor component. Thus the DNA typing results from the bite mark correlated with the DNA typing results obtained from other biological trace evidence identified from the victim's genital samples. The bite mark and the DNA evidence were used to screen suspects and played an important role in obtaining resolution of this case. In this study DNA profiled from the breast swab from bitten area, finger swabs, and a control sample of assailants were obtained for all STR loci using AmpflSTR Identifier kit.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132808229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social media and the medical profession 社交媒体和医疗行业
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2017-08-19 DOI: 10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8790
R. K. Gorea
{"title":"Social media and the medical profession","authors":"R. K. Gorea","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8790","url":null,"abstract":"Social media is now increasingly being used by various professionals to enhance the professional outcome and solve the day to day problems and enrich their knowledge but the medical fraternity is lagging behind in this race. Medical professionals are using social media for private use but for professional use, trend is of hesitant use. There are two groups on the social media, one is of consumers and other is of providers and medical professionals best fit in the second category due to their knowledge, experience, and expertise but newly registered doctors fall into the first category. Limited use of social media is due to ignorance and fear of legal problems. \u0000\u0000Objective and purpose of this paper are to make medical professionals aware about the potentials, advantages, disadvantages, ethical issues, limitations, challenges and precautions about using the social media so that medical professionals can use the social media in a better and safe way.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114505650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complete blood count, cholinesterase, and renal function of organophosphate sprayers in Kulonprogo 库隆普罗戈中有机磷喷雾器的全血细胞计数、胆碱酯酶和肾功能
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2017-08-19 DOI: 10.18099/ijetv.v3i1.8791
I. A. Wiraagni
{"title":"Complete blood count, cholinesterase, and renal function of organophosphate sprayers in Kulonprogo","authors":"I. A. Wiraagni","doi":"10.18099/ijetv.v3i1.8791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v3i1.8791","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are several risks to health associated with pesticide use. The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) can minimize pesticide exposure to farmers. The aim of this study was to determine the basic characteristics of farmers, blood parameters (complete blood count, cholinesterase, and creatinine), patterns of pesticide use, and the use of PPE. \u0000Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study, with total sampling method. The data were taken from all farmers in Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Case group was organophosphate sprayers that have sprayed organophosphate for more than 1 year.\u0000Results: In case of group, there were 36 farmers (31 male and 5 female), while in control group, there were 11 persons (4 male and 7 female). The mean blood cholinesterase level in the exposed group was 7.8 ± 2.01Ku/L and in the control group 8.7± 1.56 Ku/L. The mean of exposed group blood urea nitrogen: 12.08±3.88 mmol/L and control Group: 11.4±3.11 mmol/L. The mean of blood creatinine was within normal limits (case group: 0.9 ± 0.17mg/dl and control group: 0.7 ± 0.19 mg/dl), but there were significant differences between them (p : 0.015).\u0000Conclusions: The results of a complete blood count, cholinesterase, and renal function in the organophosphate sprayers In Kulonprogro were within normal limits. There was an increase of creatinine levels on exposed group significantly, although still within normal limit. They have sufficient rest period for farmers (1 month) in every planting season. It is necessary to educate farmers about the importance of using PPE and management of acute pesticide poisoning.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130268004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study to assess the physical changes seen in old age in Punjab region (India) 印度旁遮普地区老年人身体变化评估研究
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2017-08-19 DOI: 10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8792
Pardeep Singh, Davinder Kaur, R. K. Gorea, S. Oberai
{"title":"Study to assess the physical changes seen in old age in Punjab region (India)","authors":"Pardeep Singh, Davinder Kaur, R. K. Gorea, S. Oberai","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8792","url":null,"abstract":"in the present study, various physical changes that occur in old aged persons like arcus senilis, a cataract of eyes, presbyacusis, wrinkles on the skin of face and memory (intact or not) were studied. Old aged persons need special attention according to the physical change that has occurred, so they need tender care both psychological as well as physical care. regular mood and memory check-ups should be encouraged for all older adults, just as we now encourage regular physicals (1). The speed, at which people age, as well as how aging affects their outlook on life, varies from person to person (the speed at which people age, as well as how aging affects their outlook on life, varies from person to person).","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126685538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stud guns, firearm injuries 螺柱枪，火器伤害
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2017-08-19 DOI: 10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8796
Hatem M.Abd El Gawad
{"title":"Stud guns, firearm injuries","authors":"Hatem M.Abd El Gawad","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V3I1.8796","url":null,"abstract":"Wounds caused by stud guns are not infrequent in construction companies. Reported deaths following stud gun injuries are hardly met with in forensic literature. Also, the pathophysiological mechanism involved in the production of such type of wounds is not very clear. The article presents two reported cases of accidental fatal and stud gun injuries of chest together with a brief review of this type of industrial tool and its ammunition so that we can shed light on the wounding mechanism. The importance of careful post-mortem examination, and detailed investigation of the scene, to reconstruct the event, and to determine the manner of death are included.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122429887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age estimation from the fusion of distal end of fibula epiphysis 腓骨骨骺远端融合的年龄估计
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2016-12-28 DOI: 10.18099/IJETV.V2I02.6855
Pardeep Singh, Davinder Kaur, R. K. Gorea, S. Oberai, A. Kapila
{"title":"Age estimation from the fusion of distal end of fibula epiphysis","authors":"Pardeep Singh, Davinder Kaur, R. K. Gorea, S. Oberai, A. Kapila","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V2I02.6855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V2I02.6855","url":null,"abstract":"The range of variation in epiphyseal fusion for the distal end of fibula epiphysis in Punjab, India populations has been studied in the present study. This study evaluates epiphyseal fusion of the distal fibula in 100 young individuals, 50 males, and 50 females with age range from 16-17 years to 24-25 years. Radiographs were performed at Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India with 10 cases from each age group in both males and females. Both AP and lateral views of X-ray were taken. Results indicate that complete fusion in males occur at the age of 18-19 age group and in females occurs at 16-17 year age group in the distal end of the fibula. Earliest union for males and females occur at 16 years.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123298855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethics In Orthodontics: A Retrospective review 正畸伦理学:回顾性回顾
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2016-12-28 DOI: 10.18099/IJETV.V2I02.6856
G. Sam, Ziyad Alaskar, Mohammed Ali Elqomsan, M. A. AlAteeg
{"title":"Ethics In Orthodontics: A Retrospective review","authors":"G. Sam, Ziyad Alaskar, Mohammed Ali Elqomsan, M. A. AlAteeg","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V2I02.6856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V2I02.6856","url":null,"abstract":"When treating a patient in an orthodontic clinic, significant ethical issues may arise unfolding to the best interests of the patient and decision making for them. The case of a patient with a cleft lip and palate whose parents failed to bring her in for medically indicated orthodontic care is offered. Ethical features of the case are discussed, including the need to benefit the patient, avoid harm, and respect the preferences of the parents. Ethical codes of the American Dental Association and American Medical Association are referenced. Ethical dilemmas include the variance between the orthodontist's commitment to the patient and the need to value the parental autonomy. Parental independence is respected up until the point at which significant harm to a patient may result. The orthodontist's primary ethical responsibility is to the patient and not to anybody else. The orthodontist providing medically indicated care should involve the craniofacial team or hospital social worker when parental decision making is in the query.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128264042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is the manner of suicide predetermined? – Gastric contents can reveal the truth 自杀的方式是预先确定的吗?-胃内容物可以揭示真相
The International Journal of Ethics Pub Date : 2016-12-28 DOI: 10.18099/ijetv.v2i02.6854
S. Chattopadhyay, A. Mazumdar, R. Gangopadhyay
{"title":"Is the manner of suicide predetermined? – Gastric contents can reveal the truth","authors":"S. Chattopadhyay, A. Mazumdar, R. Gangopadhyay","doi":"10.18099/ijetv.v2i02.6854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v2i02.6854","url":null,"abstract":"Suicidal deaths have been reported from across the world in different communities, religion, and socio-economic groups. In the developing countries, irrespective of the reason for such deaths the manners of suicide are usually by means of poisoning, hanging, burn or drowning. Rarely gunshot injuries or fall from height are resorted to. The present study aims to determine the different methods opted for suicide in a rural setting in West Bengal. Out of the 134 cases studied over a period of 2 years, hanging was the most common method among both sexes followed by poisoning. In the majority of the cases of hanging food was detected in the stomach while in cases of poisoning it was found only in 39.1% cases. This indicated the knowledge of the victims that food might interfere with the actions of poison and hence to avoid it before consumption of the toxic substance. The presence or absence of the gastric contents also points out towards the predetermined mindset of the deceased with regards to the choice of the method of suicide.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128836287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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