Advances in Applied Energy最新文献

{"title":"Implications of a Paris-proof scenario for future supply of weather-dependent variable renewable energy in Europe","authors":"Jing Hu ,&nbsp;Vinzenz Koning ,&nbsp;Thomas Bosshard ,&nbsp;Robert Harmsen ,&nbsp;Wina Crijns-Graus ,&nbsp;Ernst Worrell ,&nbsp;Machteld van den Broek","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To meet the European Union's 2050 climate neutrality target, future electricity generation is expected to largely rely on variable renewable energy (VRE). VRE supply, being dependant on weather, is susceptible to changing climate conditions. Based on spatiotemporally explicit climate data under a Paris-proof climate scenario and a comprehensive energy conversion model, this study assesses the projected changes of European VRE supply from the perspective of average production, production variability, spatiotemporal complementarity, and risk of concurrent renewable energy droughts.</p><p>For the period 2045–2055, we find a minor reduction in average wind and solar production for most of Europe compared to the period 1990–2010. At the country level, the impact of climate change on average VRE production is rather limited in magnitude (within <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> for wind and <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> for solar). The projected mid-term changes in other aspects of VRE supply are also relatively small. This suggests climate-related impacts on European VRE supply are less of a concern if the Paris-proof emission reduction pathway is strictly followed.</p><p>Based on spectral analysis, we identify strong seasonal wind-solar complementarities (with an anticorrelation between -0.6 and -0.9) at the cross-regional level. This reduces the demand for seasonal storage but requires coordinated cross-border efforts to develop a pan-European transmission infrastructure.</p><p>The risk of concurrent renewable energy droughts between a country and the rest of Europe remains non-negligible, even under the copperplate assumption. Central Western European countries and Poland are most vulnerable to such risk, suggesting the need for the planning of adequate flexibility resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43997392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conditions for profitable operation of P2X energy hubs to meet local demand with energy market access","authors":"Yi Wan ,&nbsp;Tom Kober ,&nbsp;Tilman Schildhauer ,&nbsp;Thomas J. Schmidt ,&nbsp;Russell McKenna ,&nbsp;Martin Densing","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper analyzes the operation of an energy hub on a community level with an integrated P2X facility and with access to energy markets. In our case, P2X allows converting power to hydrogen, heat, methane, or back to power. We consider the energy hub as a large prosumer who can be both a producer and consumer in the markets with the novelty that P2X technology is available. We investigate how such a P2X energy hub trades optimally in the electricity market and satisfies local energy demand under the assumption of a long-term strong climate scenario in year 2050. For numerical analysis, a case study of a mountain village in Switzerland is used. One of the main contributions of this paper is to quantify key conditions for profitable operations of such a P2X energy hub. In particular, the analysis includes impacts of influencing factors on profits and operational patterns in terms of different degrees of self-sufficiency and different availability of local renewable resources. Moreover, the access to real-time wholesale market electricity price signals and a future retail hydrogen market is assessed. The key factors for the successful operation of a P2X energy hub are identified to be sufficient local renewable resources and access to a retail market of hydrogen. The results also show that the P2X operation leads to an increased deployment of local renewables, especially in the case of low initial deployment; on the other hand, seasonal storage plays a subordinated role. Additionally, P2X lowers for the community the wholesale electricity market trading volumes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49749591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOM.D: Taking advantage of microclimate data for urban building energy modeling","authors":"Thomas R. Dougherty,&nbsp;Rishee K. Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urban Building Energy Modeling (UBEM) provides a framework for decarbonization decision-making on an urban scale. However, existing UBEM systems routinely neglect microclimate effects on building energy consumption, potentially leading to major sources of error. In this work, we attempt to address these sources of error by proposing the large scale collection of remote sensing and climate modeling data to improve the capabilities of existing systems. We explore situations when remote sensing might be most valuable, particularly when high quality weather station data might not be available. We show that lack of access to weather station data is unlikely to be driving existing errors in energy models, as most buildings are likely to be close enough to collect high quality data. We also highlight the significance of Landsat8’s thermal instrumentation to capture pertinent temperatures for the buildings through feature importance visualizations. Our analysis then characterizes the seasonal benefits of microclimate data for energy prediction. Landsat8 is found to provide a potential benefit of an 8% reduction in electricity prediction error in the spring and summertime of New York City. In contrast, NOAA RTMA may provide a benefit of a 2.5% reduction in natural gas prediction error in the winter and spring. Finally, we explore the potential of remote sensing to enhance the quality of energy predictions at a neighborhood level. We show that benefits for individual buildings translates to the regional level, as we can achieve improved predictions for groups of buildings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42294621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building energy simulation and its application for building performance optimization: A review of methods, tools, and case studies","authors":"Yiqun Pan ,&nbsp;Mingya Zhu ,&nbsp;Yan Lv ,&nbsp;Yikun Yang ,&nbsp;Yumin Liang ,&nbsp;Ruxin Yin ,&nbsp;Yiting Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Jia ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Zeng ,&nbsp;Seng Huang ,&nbsp;Danlin Hou ,&nbsp;Lei Xu ,&nbsp;Rongxin Yin ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As one of the most important and advanced technology for carbon-mitigation in the building sector, building performance simulation (BPS) has played an increasingly important role with the powerful support of building energy modelling (BEM) technology for energy-efficient designs, operations, and retrofitting of buildings. Owing to its deep integration of multi-disciplinary approaches, the researchers, as well as tool developers and practitioners, are facing opportunities and challenges during the application of BEM at multiple scales and stages, e.g., building/system/community levels and planning/design/operation stages. By reviewing recent studies, this paper aims to provide a clear picture of how BEM performs in solving different research questions on varied scales of building phase and spatial resolution, with a focus on the objectives and frameworks, modelling methods and tools, applicability and transferability. To guide future applications of BEM for performance-driven building energy management, we classified the current research trends and future research opportunities into five topics that span through different stages and levels: (1) Simulation for performance-driven design for new building and retrofit design, (2) Model-based operational performance optimization, (3) Integrated simulation using data measurements for digital twin, (4) Building simulation supporting urban energy planning, and (5) Modelling of building-to-grid interaction for demand response. Additionally, future research recommendations are discussed, covering potential applications of BEM through integration with occupancy and behaviour modelling, integration with machine learning, quantification of model uncertainties, and linking to building monitoring systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43565590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decarbonizing all-electric communities via carbon-responsive control of behind-the-meter resources","authors":"Jing Wang,&nbsp;Rawad El Kontar,&nbsp;Xin Jin,&nbsp;Jennifer King","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The progression of electrification in the building and transportation sectors brings new opportunities for energy decarbonization. With higher dependence on the grid power supply, the variation of the grid carbon emission intensity can be utilized to reduce the carbon emissions from the two sectors. Existing coordinated control methods for buildings with distributed energy resources (DERs) either consider electricity price or renewable energy generation as the input signal, or adopt optimization in the decision-making, which is difficult to implement in the real-world environment. This paper aims to propose and validate an easy-to-deploy rule-based carbon responsive control framework that facilitates coordination between all-electric buildings and electric vehicles (EVs). The signals of the grid carbon emission intensity and the local photovoltaics (PV) generation are used for shifting the controllable loads. Extensive simulations were conducted using a model of an all-electric mixed-use community in a cold climate to validate the control performance with metrics such as emissions, energy consumption, peak demand, and EV end-of-day state-of-charge (SOC). Our study identifies that 4.5% to 27.1% of annual emission reduction can be achieved with limited impact on energy costs, peak demand, and thermal comfort. Additionally, up to 32.7% of EV emission reduction can be obtained if the EV owners reduce the target SOC by less than 21.2%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49182033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting demand: Reduction in necessary storage capacity through tracking of renewable energy generation","authors":"Dylan Wald ,&nbsp;Kathryn Johnson ,&nbsp;Jennifer King ,&nbsp;Joshua Comden ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Bay ,&nbsp;Rohit Chintala ,&nbsp;Sanjana Vijayshankar ,&nbsp;Deepthi Vaidhynathan","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Renewable energy (RE) generation systems are rapidly being deployed on the grid. In parallel, electrified devices are quickly being added to the grid, introducing additional electric loads and increased load flexibility. While increased deployment of RE generation contributes to decarbonization of the grid, it is inherently variable and unpredictable, introducing uncertainty and potential instability in the grid. One way to mitigate this problem is to deploy utility-scale storage. However, in many cases the deployment of utility-scale battery storage systems remain unfeasible due to their cost. Instead, utilizing the increased amounts of data and flexibility from electrified devices on the grid, advanced control can be applied to shift the demand to match RE generation, significantly reducing the capacity of required utility-scale battery storage. This work introduces the novel forecast-aided predictive control (FAPC) algorithm to optimize this load shifting in the presence of forecasts. Extending upon an existing coordinated control framework, the FAPC algorithm introduces a new electric vehicle charging control algorithm that has the capability to incorporate forecasted information in its control loop. This enables FAPC to better track a realistic RE generation signal in a fully correlated simulation environment. Results show that FAPC effectively shifts demand to track a RE generation signal under different weather and operating conditions. It is found that FAPC significantly reduces the required capacity of the battery storage system compared to a baseline control case.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48921976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building electrification and carbon emissions: Integrated energy management considering the dynamics of the electricity mix and pricing","authors":"Shiyu Yang ,&nbsp;H． Oliver Gao ,&nbsp;Fengqi You","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrification and distributed energy resources (DERs) are vital for reducing the building sector's carbon footprint. However, conventional reactive control is insufficient in addressing many current building-operation-related challenges, impeding building decarbonization. To reduce building carbon emissions, it is essential to consider dynamic grid electricity mix and incorporate the coordination between DERs and building energy systems in building control. This study develops a novel model predictive control (MPC)-based integrated energy management framework for buildings with multiple DERs considering dynamic grid electricity mix and pricing. A linear, integrated high-fidelity model encompassing adaptive thermal comfort, building thermodynamics, humidity, space conditioning, water heating, renewable energy, electric energy storage, and electric vehicle, is developed. An MPC controller is developed based on this model. To demonstrate the applicability, the developed framework is applied to a single-family home with an energy management system through whole-year simulations considering three climate zones: warm, mixed, and cold. In the simulations, the framework reduces the whole-building electricity costs and carbon emissions by 11.9% - 38.3% and 7.2% - 25.1%, respectively, compared to conventional control. Furthermore, the framework can reduce percent discomfort time from 25.7% - 47.4% to nearly 0%, compared to conventional control. The framework also can shift 86.4% - 100% of peak loads to off-peak periods, while conventional control cannot achieve such performance. The case study results also suggest that pursuing cost savings is possible in tandem with carbon emission reduction to achieve co-benefits (e.g., simultaneous 37.7% and 21.9% reductions in electricity costs and carbon emissions, respectively) with the proposed framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43273495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GIScience can facilitate the development of solar cities for energy transition","authors":"Rui Zhu ,&nbsp;Mei-Po Kwan ,&nbsp;A.T.D. Perera ,&nbsp;Hongchao Fan ,&nbsp;Bisheng Yang ,&nbsp;Biyu Chen ,&nbsp;Min Chen ,&nbsp;Zhen Qian ,&nbsp;Haoran Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaohu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinxin Yang ,&nbsp;Paolo Santi ,&nbsp;Carlo Ratti ,&nbsp;Wenting Li ,&nbsp;Jinyue Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The energy transition is increasingly being discussed and implemented to cope with the growing environmental crisis. However, great challenges remain for effectively harvesting and utilizing solar energy in cities related to time and location-dependant supply and demand, which needs more accurate forecasting- and an in-depth understanding of the electricity production and dynamic balancing of the flexible energy supplies concerning the electricity market. To tackle this problem, this article discusses the development of solar cities over the past few decades and proposes a refined and enriched concept of a sustainable solar city with six integrated modules, namely, land surface solar irradiation, three-dimensional (3D) urban surfaces, spatiotemporal solar distribution on 3D urban surfaces, solar photovoltaic (PV) planning, solar PV penetration into different urban systems, and the consequent socio-economic and environmental impacts. In this context, Geographical Information Science (GIScience) demonstrates its potent capability in building the conceptualized solar city with a dynamic balance between power supply and demand over time and space, which includes the production of multi-sourced spatiotemporal big data, the development of spatiotemporal data modelling, analysing and optimization, and geo-visualization. To facilitate the development of such a solar city, this article from the GIScience perspective discusses the achievements and challenges of (i) the development of spatiotemporal big data used for solar farming, (ii) the estimation of solar PV potential on 3D urban surfaces, (iii) the penetration of distributed PV systems in digital cities that contains the effects of urban morphology on solar accessibility, optimization of PV systems for dynamic balancing between supply and demand, and PV penetration represented by the solar charging of urban mobility, and (iv) the interaction between PV systems and urban thermal environment. We suggest that GIScience is the foundation, while further development of GIS models is required to achieve the proposed sustainable solar city.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44009694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency and optimal load capacity of E-Fuel-Based energy storage systems","authors":"Christos Tsiklios,&nbsp;Steffen Schneider,&nbsp;Matthias Hermesmann,&nbsp;Thomas E. Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work evaluates the effectiveness of chemical-based solutions for storing large amounts of renewable electricity. Four “Power-to-X-to-Power” pathways are examined, comprising hydrogen, methane, methanol, and ammonia as energy carriers. The pathways are assessed using a model scenario, where they are produced with electricity from an onshore wind farm, stored in suitable facilities, and then reconverted to electricity to meet the energy demand of a chemical site. An energy management and storage capacity estimation tool is used to calculate the annual load coverage resulting from each pathway. All four pathways offer a significant increase in load coverage compared to a scenario without storage solution (<span><math><mrow><mn>56.19</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>). The hydrogen-based pathway has the highest load coverage (<span><math><mrow><mn>71.88</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>) and round-trip efficiency (<span><math><mrow><mn>36.93</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>)</mo><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span> followed by the ammonia-based (<span><math><mrow><mn>69.62</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>31.37</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>), methanol-based (<span><math><mrow><mn>67.85</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>27.00</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>)</mo><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span> and methane-based (<span><math><mrow><mn>67.64</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>26.47</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>, respectively) pathways. The substantially larger storage capacity required for gaseous energy carriers to ensure a steady supply to the consumer could be a decisive factor. The hydrogen pathway requires a storage volume up to 10.93 times larger than ammonia and 16.87 times larger than methanol. Notably, ammonia and methanol, whose load coverages are only 2.26 and 4.03 percentage points lower than that of hydrogen, offer the possibility of implementing site-specific storage solutions, avoiding potential bottlenecks due to limited pipeline and cavern capacities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47919038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Toward a fundamental understanding of flow-based market coupling for cross-border electricity trading” [ADAPEN 2 (2021) 100027]","authors":"David Schönheit ,&nbsp;Michiel Kenis ,&nbsp;Lisa Lorenz ,&nbsp;Dominik Möst ,&nbsp;Erik Delarue ,&nbsp;Kenneth Bruninx","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44689302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}