{"title":"A study on reducing training time of BCI system based on an SSVEP dynamic model","authors":"Xu Han, Shangen Zhang, Xiaorong Gao","doi":"10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737318","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) based brain-computer interface (BCI), the lengthy training time was always an obstacle to practical application. In this paper, we explored a novel method to reduce the training cost by replacing the traditional sinusoidal template or signal template with a dynamic SSVEP model and conducting a sampling training strategy. To evaluate the method, the training time and the recognition accuracy under two conditions (sine/cosine template and dynamic model template) were compared on four different algorithms. The results showed that the dynamic model based template outstripped the sinusoidal template; and for signal template-based algorithms, our proposed method reduced the training time significantly while kept the decrease of performance within an insignificant range.","PeriodicalId":345970,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121874278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neural manifolds: from basic science to practical improvements in brain-computer intefaces","authors":"S. Chase","doi":"10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737339","url":null,"abstract":"Intracortical brain-computer interfaces hold the potential to improve the quality of life for patients living with motor control disorders. However, a critical barrier to the successful clinical translation of these devices is recording instability, which, if unmitigated, can quickly cause control to deteriorate. Recent findings have indicated that high-dimensional neural population activity resides in a low-dimensional “neural manifold”. Here I will introduce the concept of neural manifolds and briefly recap recent findings showing that neural manifolds constrain the types of brain-computer interface mappings that can be easily learned. Finally, I will show how these neural manifolds can be leveraged to mitigate the effects of neural recording instability, enabling stable control in the presence of even severe recording instabilities.","PeriodicalId":345970,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126606211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hramov, V. Maksimenko, M. Zhuravlev, A. Pisarchik
{"title":"Immediate effect of neurofeedback in passive BCI for alertness control","authors":"A. Hramov, V. Maksimenko, M. Zhuravlev, A. Pisarchik","doi":"10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737325","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a passive brain-computer interface (BCI) which uses neurofeedback to maintain a high level of attention during the accomplishment of a prolonged task. The attention degree is estimated from EEG signals using methods of nonlinear and statistical time-frequency analyses. We find that the feedback increases the duration of the maximum interval during which the subject maintains substantial attention (150±40 s with feedback versus 100±20 s without feedback). However, the mean degree of attention during this interval is 27% lower than without feedback. The obtained result evidences that the cognitive reserve is limited, and therefore, to maintain high performance for a prolonged time, the brain operates in a “safe-mode” regime.","PeriodicalId":345970,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127138785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EZSL-GAN: EEG-based Zero-Shot Learning approach using a Generative Adversarial Network","authors":"Sunhee Hwang, Kibeom Hong, G. Son, H. Byun","doi":"10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737322","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies show that deep neural network can be effective for learning EEG-based classification network. In particular, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) show competitive performance to learn the sequential information of the EEG signals. However, none of the previous approaches considers recognizing the unknown EEG signals which have never been seen in the training dataset. In this paper, we first propose a new scheme for Zero-Shot EEG signal classification. Our EZSL-GAN has three parts. The first part is an EEG encoder network that generates 128-dim of EEG features using a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The second part is a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) that can tackle the problem for recognizing unknown EEG labels with a knowledge base. The third part is a simple classification network to learn unseen EEG signals from the fake EEG features which are generated from the learned Generator. We evaluate our method on the EEG dataset evoked from 40 classes visual object stimuli. The experimental results show that our EEG encoder achieves an accuracy of 95.89%. Furthermore, our Zero-Shot EEG classification method reached an accuracy of 39.65% for the ten untrained EEG classes. Our experiments demonstrate that unseen EEG labels can be recognized by the knowledge base.","PeriodicalId":345970,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121057859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Testing performance of multicolour checkerboard flickers against their greyscale versions for SSVEP-based BCI","authors":"A. Szalowski, D. Picovici","doi":"10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737261","url":null,"abstract":"This paper utilizes an iOS application specifically developed for this research. The application generates multicolour checkerboard flickers of preset sizes using primary and secondary colours of Red-Green-Blue (RGB) additive colour science and allows investigating colour’s impact on brain signals through visual stimulation. Using an iOS tablet equipped with 12.9” screen, all multicolour checkerboards were tested against their greyscale counterparts in order to determine the impact of colour information on the amplitude of generated brain signals using Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) paradigm. The raw brain signals were captured using Emotiv EPOC headset. The results confirm a significant signal gain from the use of colour flickers compared to greyscale flickers.","PeriodicalId":345970,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125167999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transparent electroencephalography? : Exploring ear-EEG for long-term, mobile electrophysiology","authors":"S. Debener, M. Bleichner","doi":"10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737309","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) is the most frequently used technology for brain-computer interface (BCI) and neurofeedback (NFB) applications, however it suffers from various limitations. Among others, the placement of electrodes on the scalp is distracting, time-consuming, uncomfortable, and it does not ensure good signal quality over extended periods of time. Moreover, the use of bulky amplifiers and wired connections to recording computers reduces the portability and mobility of BCI and NFB applications. In order to overcome these limitations, flex-printed disposable electrode arrays have been developed. The cEEGrid is a convenient-to-use array composed of 10 electrodes located around the ear. Results from several validation studies will be presented here, supporting the claim that around the ear EEG acquisition provides sufficient information to support BCI applications. When compared to cap-EEG, ear-EEG provides less spatial information but it facilitates long-term EEG acquisition in natural environments and thereby promises new avenues for EEG-BCI.","PeriodicalId":345970,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125549271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Choi, Soo-In Choi, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Hyung-Tak Lee, Yun-Sung Lee, Seong-Uk Kim, Han-Jeong Hwang
{"title":"Biometrics Based on Single-Trial EEG","authors":"G. Choi, Soo-In Choi, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Hyung-Tak Lee, Yun-Sung Lee, Seong-Uk Kim, Han-Jeong Hwang","doi":"10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737254","url":null,"abstract":"The biometrics based on resting state electroencephalography (EEG) is better than other EEG-based authentication protocols in terms of usability because it does not require any external stimuli and has a relatively short authentication time. Most of previous resting state EEG-based authentication systems have used a relatively long EEG data (e.g., > 1 min) measured once, and they were segmented to create many trials (e.g., > 100). In this case, however, it is difficult to reflect real-authentication situations in which a user repetitively uses an authentication system in different time points. Therefore, we propose to use single trials repetitively measured for short time (10 s). In the experiment, resting state EEGs were measured while fifteen subjects opened and closed their eyes 30 times for 10 s each. The measured EEG data were divided into three conditions, which are eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC), and difference between EC and EO (Diff). We extracted power spectral density (PSD) ranging from 3 to 20 Hz as features for classification, with which a binary classification based on a 5×5-fold cross-validation was performed for each subject using linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The mean authentication accuracies of EC, EO, and Diff were 97.05 ± 5.4, 92.5 ± 8.2, and 85.3 ± 7.0 %, respectively, demonstrating the feasibility of single-trial-based EEG authentication. EC could be an optimal condition for developing a resting-state EEG authentication system based on single trial.","PeriodicalId":345970,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114228878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dong-Kyun Han, Min-Ho Lee, J. Williamson, Seong-Whan Lee
{"title":"The Effect of Neurofeedback Training in Virtual and Real Environments based on BCI","authors":"Dong-Kyun Han, Min-Ho Lee, J. Williamson, Seong-Whan Lee","doi":"10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWW-BCI.2019.8737323","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated the effect of real-time neurofeedback systems by adjusting the speed of a racing car and report the difference in effect between virtual and real environments. Thirty participants were divided into two conditions of the neurofeedback system (i.e., racing in real track and virtual game). For the performance evaluation, the band power of resting state EEG data and cognitive tests (Stroop and Digit span) were evaluated before and after the neurofeedback training. In the result, a significant increase of band power in the alpha frequency range (8–13Hz) as well as the test score were observed in both the virtual and real environments. Furthermore, neurofeedback in the virtual environment showed enhanced training effects compared to the real environment. We conclude that the performance of the neurofeedback training can be profoundly effected by the system environment as various factors (e.g., motivation, reward) are involved in the performance.","PeriodicalId":345970,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134465630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}