Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin最新文献

{"title":"THE EMBANKMENTS OF THE LARGEST CITIES OF THE URALS AND THE VOLGA REGION, AND THEIR ABILITY TO ENHANCE THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT","authors":"S. Merkushev","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2019-1-41-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2019-1-41-55","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122571252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRANSFORMATION OF THE TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE OF THE CONFESSIONAL SPACE OF RUSSIA IN THE XX – THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY","authors":"A. Manakov","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2019-2-13-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2019-2-13-24","url":null,"abstract":"Изучение конфессионального пространства России с помощью географических методов является достаточно редкой темой научных исследований. Целью статьи является анализ изменений в территориальной структуре конфессионального пространства России с конца XIX в. по настоящее время. Исследование опирается на итоги переписей населения 1897, 2010 гг. и социологического опроса населения, проведенного в 2012 г. В ходе исследования в территориальной структуре конфессионального пространства было предложено выделить четыре основных компонента, укладывающиеся в концепцию «центр–периферия». В целом в конфессиональном пространстве России рассмотрено три конфессиональных плиты. Вопервых, это православная плита, которая охватывает всю территорию страны и включает все четыре компонента «центр–периферийной» структуры. Второй и третьей являются мусульманская и буддийская плиты, которые заходят в пределы России лишь своими окраинными частями, но в пределах страны каждая из них располагает двумя «малыми» ядрами. Сделан вывод о том, что за прошедшее время произошло укрепление двух мусульманских и двух буддийских «малых» ядер, несмотря на некоторое сужение их ареалов. К л ю ч е в ы е с л о в а : религия, конфессиональное пространство, Россия, потенциальный конфессиональный состав населения.","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122591643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODELING THE EFFECTS OF LAND USE TRANSFORMATION USING ECOSYSTEM SERVICE ASSESSMENT","authors":"Anton Nazarenko","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2021-1-173-186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2021-1-173-186","url":null,"abstract":"The study analyzes the possibilities of using cost estimates of ecosystem services to assess the effects of transformations in land use. The consequences of transformations were assessed by comparing the value of basic ecosystem services for different patterns of the land use structure, taking into account the fact that the volume of ecosystem services provided is limited by the ecosystem sustainability limits. To estimate ecosystem services, the methodology developed by the author was used. It is based on the indicators of agricultural land productivity and their value terms. The assessment was carried out for the Zarinsky district of Altai Krai, located at the junction of the West Siberian and Altai-Sayan physicogeographical countries. The study has revealed that the greatest value of basic ecosystem services in the region with agricultural specialization can be achieved by optimizing the agricultural load – reducing the share of arable land and increasing the share of forage land in the total area. It is proposed to implement this by involving plots of fallow lands in circulation: some of the plots are proposed to be used for reforestation, while others – for haying and grazing. This will balance the need to maximize agricultural production, while not reducing the sustainability of the ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125403028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EPHEMERAI WATER BODIES AS A SPECIAL GROUP OF LAKE-LIKE RESERVOIRS","authors":"S. G. Zakharov","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2019-1-56-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2019-1-56-62","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"353 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121625348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CENTRAL PLACE SYSTEMS: FORMATION OF THE POPULATION AND SPATIAL STRUCTURES","authors":"R. Dmitriev","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2021-4-6-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2021-4-6-17","url":null,"abstract":"The study is methodological in nature and aims to present the sequence of analysis of the population and spatial structures of a central place system. For the distribution of settlements by levels of the hierarchy, we use reference tables reflecting the contribution of each central place to the accumulated value of the K-parameter. It is postulated that, at each stage of a system’s evolution, there is only one variant of the hierarchy of central places by population size and the only variant of their location in the lattice: in the process of research they are determined using the equations and principles of central place theory, rather than being given ‘from above’. The process of determining the morphological structure is based on the principle of local predetermination, according to which at any moment of time a central place system has an optimal locally predetermined spatial structure which does not necessarily coincide with that in general theoretical terms. It is concluded that any settlement system can be stable provided that it corresponds to the theoretical optimum for a set of interacting different-parameter levels, and not for an equal-parameter lattice as a whole: the optimal state is the equilibrium state of not the entire system but individual levels of the hierarchy.","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121736937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF POLDER LANDS IN THE KALININGRAD REGION","authors":"Y. Spirin, S. Zotov","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2022-3-137-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2022-3-137-152","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable development of the Kaliningrad region in the period of modern challenges can be considered a fundamental direction in the region’s development strategy. In this matter, special attention should be paid to the unique natural landscape objects common to the area – polder lands. The purpose of the work is to formulate and study the geoecological aspects of sustainable development of polder lands in the Kaliningrad region. The main research method was conjugated analysis of hydrological, hydrochemical, and geoecological information. The paper provides description of polder lands as complex natural and economic systems. The key hydrological parameters were calculated; the regularities and features of changes in the water regime of the main watercourses of the Slavsky district were revealed. Based on field studies, new sets of hydrochemical characteristics were obtained for four hydrological seasons over 2020–2021 at the control and background monitoring points; the chemical composition and the level of pollution of small watercourses were found. Spatial differentiation of the geoecological state of the basins of small watercourses in the Slavsky district was determined according to 13 criteria, divided into interrelated groups: anthropogenic load, water quality, the territory’s ability to self-purify, and transit capacity. A system of measures was developed to improve the geoecological state of polder lands based on closed biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in agricultural production and the system of spatially distributed biological treatment of watercourses by higher aquatic and woody vegetation.","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121886444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF PARALLEL-BRAIDED CHANNEL REACHES","authors":"R. Chalov, K. M. Berkovitch, S. N. Ruleva, A. Zavadskiy, P. Golovlev, Georgiy B. Golubcov","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2020-4-110-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2020-4-110-125","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides a comprehensive assessment of channel formation conditions and hydrological-morphological characteristics, and also considers the features of the channel changes regime of parallel-braided channel reaches, being the most complex and diverse in morphodynamics. The general condition for their development is a large width of channels (respectively, the maximum value of the criterion of the flow quasi-uniformity suggested by I.F. Karasev). In such channels, the flow is divided into two branches, between which, in the middle of the channel, occurs accumulation of sediments and formation of mid-channel bars and islands. At the same time, parallel-braided channels are the result of other channel types (non-meandering) development due to certain changes in determining factors: increased water content and sediment runoff, overgrowth of channel bars, as a result of which mid-channel bars turn into islands, and anthropogenic impacts on rivers. On sandy floodplain rivers, parallel-braided reaches are typical for low-stable and unstable channels in the absence of the directed influence from bedrock banks on the flow and when effective water discharge passes over the floodplain edge. The islands in such braided reaches are mostly small. On rivers with incised channels, they are either similar in morphology and the channel changes regime to wide floodplain unstable channels, differing from the latter in large islands with elongated shape, or form sculptural islands and are very stable. In any variety, parallel-braided channels are very individual in their channel changes regime and there are no universal channel control schemes for them.","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129907287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE RIVER’S SEDIMENT IN THE NORTH-WEST RUSSIAN FEDERATION","authors":"M. Shmakova","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2021-2-65-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2021-2-65-74","url":null,"abstract":"Large forested areas, small slopes of catchments, the presence of lakes and swamps, the karstification of the basin, and a large share of underground river feeding contribute to a decrease in the amount of sediment runoff in the rivers located in the North-West of Russia. The distribution of sediment runoff during the year is determined by the flow regime of the river. The maximum values of the monthly solid runoff modules of all the studied rivers are observed at high water in March – May, usually reaching the peak in April, which is typical for the north-western region. Moreover, the passage of the maximum for the northern rivers (Pasha, Oyat and Tikhvinka) mainly falls on April – May; for rivers flowing in the southern part of the region – on March – April. The minimum values of the annual runoff modulus in the low-water period are extremely insignificant, especially in winter, and for some years they are close to zero. This is quite understandable due to the significant contribution of soil erosion to the formation of solid runoff of watercourses, with the most intensive processes of soil erosion occurring during the period of active snowmelt and floods. A steady increase in air temperature and precipitation layers for the North-West of the Russian Federation in the last thirty years in comparison with the previous climatic period has led to an increase in the river runoff for the studied watercourses. At the same time, according to the observations for the selected climatic periods, there is a decrease in the annual solid runoff. This can be explained by socio-economic changes – a significant decrease in agricultural activity in the region. In addition, taking into account the increase in the water content of the rivers, the decrease in the solid runoff can be explained by the redistribution of the intra-annual course of meteorological values that occurred as a result of climatic changes.","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126706174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLIMATOLOGY OF DRY AND WET HEAT AND COLD WAVES OF DIFFERENT INTENSITY","authors":"S. Morozova, Viktor N. Abannikov, Elena A. Polianskaia, M. Alimpieva","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2022-4-80-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2022-4-80-89","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the results of a statistical analysis of increases and decreases in the average daily air temperature, presented as waves of heat and cold. By a wave of heat (cold) we mean a change in the average daily air temperature by three degrees or more that lasted for at least two days. If a wave of heat (cold) was interrupted by one day of cooling (warming) or isothermy, such cases were considered a single wave. All waves were divided into dry and wet. A wave was considered wet if there was precipitation on at least one day during the development of this wave. We calculated the frequency of occurrence, duration of dry and wet waves, and the number of days with precipitation for each wave. The analysis was carried out for waves of different intensities. On average, the number of warm and cold waves per year is the same. Approximately the same number of warm and cold waves occur in winter and summer. In spring, heat waves prevail over cold waves, while in autumn the trend is opposite. The average duration of a wave is 4 days. The more intense the wave, the longer its duration. The majority of waves are wet. Precipitation accompanies 85% of heat waves and 75% of cold waves. Precipitation falls on about half the days of the wave’s duration. Cold waves are quite often interrupted by one-day increases in the average daily temperature. It is during these days that precipitation is observed. Synoptic analysis has shown that such cases of one-day ‘interruption’ of cold waves are associated with active processes of cyclogenesis on cold fronts. Wave formation at the cold front stimulates precipitation.","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124548759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UPDATED APPROACHES TO ZONING AND DIVISION INTO TOURIST DISTRICTS FOR THE PURPOSES OF SPATIAL PLANNING AND DESIGN OF TOURIST ACTIVITIES","authors":"E. Kropinova, A. Mitrofanova","doi":"10.17072/2079-7877-2022-4-135-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2022-4-135-148","url":null,"abstract":"Recreational zoning and division into tourist districts are important tools used to solve various practical problems of territorial planning and tourism development. Changing approaches to the organization and planning of tourism entails the introduction of new principles underlying the division of a recreational territory in addition to the existing classical approaches. The expansion of the range of tools for zoning and division of tourist areas is becoming a vital task in connection with the increased role of domestic tourism in the Russian Federation and the strategic objectives set by the state for the regions with regard to the development of promising types of tourism and the formation of tourist and recreational clusters. The article provides an analysis of modern approaches to zoning of a territory with tourist specialization. The purpose of the study was to show the diversity of geographical methods that can be used in territorial organization of the tourism sector, from classical works to modern studies. The possibilities of each of the considered methods are presented. A comparative analysis of the methods of recreational zoning and division according to the basic principles of the recreational territory division has been carried out. As the most promising and requested methods, we propose resource and cluster approaches to zoning based on the features of homogeneity and coherence as well as on the territorial development degree and development dynamics. The paper provides examples of recreational zoning and division for the Kaliningrad region. Special attention is paid to the regional tourist and recreational cluster, for which zoning was carried out based on the level of intensification of relations between the actors. The paper provides a forecast with regard to further development and geographic expansion of the regional tourist cluster in the Kaliningrad region on the basis of its diversification and deepening in terms of the formation dynamics and development prospects.","PeriodicalId":345845,"journal":{"name":"Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127909664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}