2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies最新文献

{"title":"Design and Application of Autonomous Underwater Acoustic Recorder","authors":"Ming-Hao Chiu, Chau-Chang Wang, Jin-Yuan Liu, Chia-Wei Chang","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370949","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this work is to design and fabricate a autonomous acoustic recording system which is low cost, reconfigurable and portable for acoustic research. In the commercial market, some off-the-shelf audio systems are taken as a core unit and modified into underwater acoustic logger. Generally, these consuming products have some built-in filters and compression algorithms such that the recorded signals have some unknown distortion. It is not recoverable either. Our system consists of four components, i.e., a PC-104 single-board computer (Celeron 1G), a 12-bit A/D converter (PCM-3718HO), an 20/40 dB amplifier (provided by APL, University of Washington) and power management circuit board. Currently, the throughput of data stream attains to 69 kHz. Six scalable A/D channels are available to share the total bandwidth. A C program with multiple threads is developed to control the I/O's, digitize the underwater acoustic signals and stream data to the hard disk continuously. At present, two ITC-6050C hydrophones are connected to the system. One hydrophone is sampled with zero gain,the other is sampled with zero and 20 dB gain. Running on 35.2 AH, 16 V lithium cells,the system can operate about 4.5 hours before the depletion of power. The system was tested with compressed air nozzle jetting noise (broad-band white noise) to calibrate the hydrophones in the experimental sink. In order to verify its performance, this system works with an autonomously recording unit Bioprobe simultaneously for comparison. We can verify whether the results are coincided with each other. Further, A field test was conducted in shallow bay area. A fishing boat (37 tons, 6-cylinder diesel engine) traveling at constant speed was used as the sound source, and ran both parallel and perpendicular to shore. Bubble noise generated by the ship propeller propagated in the very shallow water waveguide (5 to 13 meters).Thus, these cases show results for both range-independent and range-dependent scenarios. The source track were recorded by using a GPS recorder on the boat, data processing resulted in range-frequency plot shows that the interference pattern reported in the literature was captured. Aided by numerical simulations, it is able to investigate the phenomenon of propagation of sound for wedge with lossy bottom. This system, connected with multiple hydrophones, will be applied in the research for target detection, environmental measurement and monitor, the harbor protection, and so on.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127029494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian Terrain-Based Underwater Navigation Using an Improved State-Space Model","authors":"K. B. Ånonsen, O. Hallingstad, O. Hagen","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370773","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on terrain aided underwater navigation as a means of aiding an inertial navigation system. It is assumed that a prior map is present and Bayesian methods are used to estimate the position of the vehicle. Traditionally this has been done using a crude low-dimensional model in the Bayesian filters. An improved state-space model is introduced, implemented in a particle filter/sequential Monte Carlo filter and tested on real AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle) data. Compared to conventional filter models, the new model yields smoother, slightly more accurate results, though problems with overconfidence occur.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"85 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126139256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimated beam pattern and echolocation characteristics of clicks recorded from a free-ranging Ganges river dolphin","authors":"Tamaki Ural, R. Bahl, Harpmi Sugimatsu, Junichi Kojim, Tomoki Inout, T. Fukuchi, S. Behera, A. Pattnaik, Muntaz Khan, S. Kar, C. Kar","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370756","url":null,"abstract":"Recordings of bio-sonar clicks from a free-ranging Ganges river dolphin (Platanista gangetica) in Budhabalanga river in Orissa, India have been made for the first time in April 2006. A high frequency multi-hydrophone 3.2 meter long array composed of three hydrophones forming an equispaced linear array and another two hydrophones in conjunction with the central hydrophone forming a small SSBL triangular array in a plane perpendicular to the array axis was used. The array structure was deployed both in horizontal and vertical configurations. The click sounds of the dolphin received on each hydrophone were sampled at a rate of 500 kHz per channel and recorded over a period of 2 days. An estimate of the dolphin's 3-D location was made using the relative delays of the click signal at the hydrophones. From these sampled click data, the sonar beam pattern of the animal (in both horizontal plane and vertical plane) has been estimated using difference of ASL (apparent source level of the dolphin) and the absolute angles of the dolphin location between the central hydrophone and the other two peripheral hydrophones for the \"on axis clicks\". The dolphin made several \"runs\" towards the array during the observation period. The variation of ASL with the range of the dolphin during its approach towards the array showed a systematic trend of reduction in ASL as the range reduced. This suggests that the animal was echolocating on the array as a possible target. The results also suggest that the animal can exercise control of the transmit signal level.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128937874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologically-Inspired Adaptive Pectoral-Like Fin Control System For CFD Parameterized AUV","authors":"M. S. Naik, S.N. Singh, R. Mittal","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370745","url":null,"abstract":"This paper treats the question of adaptive control of a biorobotic autonomous underwater vehicle (BAUV) in the yaw plane using biologically-inspired pectoral-like fins. The fins are assumed to be oscillating harmonically with a combined linear (sway) and angular (yaw) motion. The bias (mean) angle of the angular motion of the fin is used as a control input. Oscillatory fins produce periodic time-varying control forces and moments. It is assumed that the physical parameters, the hydrodynamic coefficients, and the fin force and moment are not known to the designer. Using a discrete-time state variable representation of the BAUV, an adaptive sampled data control system for the trajectory control of the yaw angle using state feedback is derived. The parameter adaptation law is based on the normalized gradient scheme. In the closed-loop system, time-varying yaw angle reference trajectories are tracked and all the signals in the closed-loop system remain bounded. Simulation results for the set point control and sinusoidal trajectory tracking are presented, which show that the control system accomplishes precise trajectory control in spite of the parameter uncertainties, and the inter sample segments of the yaw angle trajectory remain close to the discrete-time reference trajectory.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126826354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of an Underwater Glider with Fore and Aft Buoyancy Engines","authors":"Jeff Tung, Ming-Feng Guo, Jenhwa Guo, F. Chiu, S. Cheng","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370770","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we discuss design issues in applying buoyancy engines as the device to vary net buoyancy and to alternate the position of the center of gravity of a glider. The buoyancy engines arrangement contains two tanks located at the fore and end aft part of the hull. Buoyancy engines considered here are those of piston-type. Forces equations which model buoyancy, gravity, and hydrodynamic forces in gliding are derived. Performances of different sizes of buoyancy engines are compared. Operational constrains considering the power consumption of buoyancy engines are also specified. Gliders with rectangular wings of various shape and wing location are then examined in terms of the energy cost for gliding controlled by buoyancy engines.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130689676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Integrated In Situ Analyzer for Quantitative Analysis of Microbial ATP in Aquatic Environments","authors":"T. Fukuba, N. Fukuzawa, L. S. Glutz, A. Miyaji, T. Fujii","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370802","url":null,"abstract":"An integrated and miniaturized device for in situ quantitative analysis of microbial ATP was developed in this study. The device can perform extracellular ATP elimination, cell lysis and ATP quantification in a microfluidic chip. A pattern of a microchannel has been optimized to measure luminescence caused by luciferin-luciferase reaction. As a result of evaluation of the developed microfluidic device, 10 nM to 100 muM of ATP was successfully quantified. Environmental samples and bacterial culture media were also analyzed by the microfluidic device. Towards in situ calibration of the ATP quantitative analysis device, a prototype of caged ATP based online calibration component was also fabricated and evaluated.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130295684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of diver detection and sensor integration for wharf surveillance software","authors":"F. Maeda, A. Asada, K. Kuramoto, Y. Kurashige, M. Nanri, Y. Kawashima, R. Imai, K. Hantani","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370842","url":null,"abstract":"The underwater security sonar system is the port surveillance system which surveys over harbors and ships in order to protect harbor facilities such as wharfs, oil refineries, airports and vehicles, from the terrorism attack under or on the sea. For our surveillance system, it is required to develop the software which can perform \"automatic detection of doubtful target\" by processing the signal of sonars, and which can provide the high surveillance performance and usability by integrating the information of the sensors. For this purpose, we developed the algorithm for auto-detection and tracking of doubtful target. Also, we developed the algorithm for data acquisition and image processing specialized for the infrared camera for this system.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132284462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cable-Based Geophysical Measurement And Monitoring Systems, New Possibilities For Tsunami Early-Warnings","authors":"G. Schmitz, W. Rutzen, W. Jokat","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370807","url":null,"abstract":"The disastrous tsunami off Sumatra in December 2004 showed how vulnerable today's industrial infrastructure is, and that almost no risk management for populations living at the coastlines exists. Historically, most governments have continuously ignored the possible destruction caused by earthquakes and their consequences (fire, destruction of infrastructure). Today, only a few mega cities have a seismological network to monitor seismicity on the fault systems they lie on or near. Science has made little progress in the past in understanding the tectonic processes leading to earthquakes and earthquake predictions remain a distant hope. This is a direct consequence of the lack of onshore infrastructure capable of recording the changes in important physical parameters before, during and after an earthquake. The situation is even worse for the offshore parts of large transform fault systems, or even more important for subduction zones. These zones are the tectonically most active regions of the world, and represent an underestimated threat to coastal countries bordering the Pacific, the eastern Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean. Few or no reasonable precautions have been taken to monitor the seismicity of these regions in real time, and thus the risk of them is very poorly understood. Modern marine fiber-optic cables are the best way of networking offshore monitoring arrays. Geophysical sensors can be directly integrated or placed in a special casing. Furthermore, the deployment of such cables even a few decimeters below the seafloor to lower the ambient noise is a standard procedure in industry. For seismicity studies, seismometers, geophones and hydrophones will be the preferred instrumentation. In order to locate the position of an earthquake, such sensors have to be arranged at the end or in extra junctions of the cable in a specific and known manner. Furthermore, miniaturized sensors can be integrated into the cable at certain locations. From recent studies, it is known that the seismicity along offshore tectonic structures is several magnitudes higher than can be detected with onshore instruments. Thus, given present knowledge, the relevance of and risk from marine fault/subduction systems is likely to be underestimated. Similar arguments count for active submarine volcanoes. Here, large landslides can produce local tsunamis. Depending on its layout, a cable system can also serve as a tsunami early warning system along subduction zones, submarine volcanoes or other geological structures with the advantage that all waveforms/sensor information are available to decision makers in real time. To sum up, the impact of such submarine observatories on science would be significant providing the capability to predict problems where -for example- offshore constructions are planned. These observatories might allow a more detailed insight into the dynamics of subduction zones. This insight might provide, after some time, a fresh look at the risk for some ","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130075910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Speed Acoustic Network with 2MHz Carrier Frequency for Seafloor Geodetic Observation Robot System","authors":"Han Jun, A. Asada, Y. Yagita","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370945","url":null,"abstract":"A new and effective seafloor geodetic observing robot network system, which consists of several submarine stations situated in regions susceptible to interplate earthquakes, has been proposed and is under construction in Japan. In this system high bit rate and low error rate are required when uploading mass observed geodetic data from AUV to its dock without cable connection. We proposed an acoustic network system aimed to realize a transmission bit rate of 500 kilobits per second (Kbps). As the first step, to verify the feasibility of the proposed system, a prototype acoustic network system with 100 kilo bit per second (kbps) high rate and pair to pair protocol (PPP) implementation was developed using Phase Shift Keying (PSK). At that time, a serial line was used for data transmission from the dock to AUV because only one set of acoustic transmitter and receiver was available from our budget. Now not only a new set of two way acoustic communication hardware has been developed, but also the carrier frequency has been raised to 2 MHz from 500 kHz used in the old system. Presently we are trying to achieve 500 kbps high bit rate communication.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130926830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric Study on Random Internal Waves in a Two-Fluid System","authors":"Chi-Min Liu","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370839","url":null,"abstract":"A parametric study on random internal waves in a two-fluid system is carried out in this paper. Based on the existing study provided by the author, the second-order theory for the interaction of arbitrary two linear waves is adopted to examine its influence on wave profiles. Two modes of wave motion are investigated: the surface (fast) mode and the internal (slow) mode. On the basis of present results, one is able to analyze and predict random internal waves theoretically by using mathematical and statistical methods, for example, the Fourier analysis techniques. Present study can be potentially and widely applied to underwater technology, geoscience, ocean engineering, wave statistics, and even chemical engineering.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131456199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}