BioTech最新文献

{"title":"Advances in Betalain Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering for Sustainable Natural Pigment Production.","authors":"Saravanan Monisha, Marimuthu Kanchana, Aiyar Balasubramanian, Rajendran K Selvakesavan","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030056","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Betalains are water-soluble pigments containing nitrogen, and they exist naturally in the plants of the order Caryophyllales. They have gained increasing attention in recent years because of their intense colours, antioxidant activity, and safety, thus making them suitable replacements for artificial dyes. The increasing interest in natural pigments has led to intensified research on betalain biosynthesis and optimization of pigment production. Nonetheless, their application in industry faces limitations, such as their low natural occurrence, sensitivity to environmental conditions, and instability during manufacturing and storage. Unlike previous reviews that primarily focused on betalain chemistry, biosynthesis pathways, or biological activity, the present review highlights recent developments in the engineering of the biosynthesis pathways, synthetic biology, elicitation approaches, omics-based pathway identification, and nanobiotechnology for betalain pigments. Special attention is paid to the comparison of plant, plant cell, yeast, and bacterial production systems, as well as recent advancements towards industrial production of betalain pigments and bottlenecks in the commercialization of sustainable betalain bio-factories.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AAV Vector Toolkit for the Delivery and Expression of the Artificial microRNA in the Murine Heart.","authors":"Ivan I Galkin, Viktoriia V Skopenkova, Maria Y Shubina, Anna V Polikarpova, Svetlana G Vassilieva, Irina M Savchenko, Olga S Lebedeva, Daria V Goliusova, Margarita Y Sharikova, Vladimir V Gureev, Tatiana N Malorodova, Alexey V Deikin, Tatiana V Egorova, Maryana V Bardina","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030055","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-mediated gene transfer is an emerging treatment strategy for severe cardiac disorders with genetic etiology. We refined the AAV toolkit to achieve efficient and selective expression of the therapeutic transgene in mouse hearts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using vectors with a reporter transgene, we evaluated AAV administration routes, AAV serotype tropism to the myocardium, and cardiospecific promoters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We showed that systemic AAV administration provides potent delivery and uniform transduction of cardiac tissue, outperforming localized injection techniques. The MyoAAV 2A capsid variant enabled an improved heart-to-liver transduction ratio compared to the parental AAV9 serotype. Screening a panel of cardiac and pan-muscular promoters in vitro and in vivo verified the superiority of the cardiac troponin T (cTnT) promoter for robust heart-specific transgene expression. Finally, we demonstrated that the cumulative properties of systemic AAV delivery, the MyoAAV 2A serotype, and the cTnT promoter allowed for efficient cardiac synthesis of the therapeutic transgene-an artificial miRNA designed for the gene suppression strategy of FLNC-related cardiomyopathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings establish an effective AAV approach for transgene transfer into the mouse heart and promote the development of gene therapy for cardiac disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular Matrix-Based and Extracellular Matrix-Bioinspired Scaffolds for Extracellular Vesicle Delivery in Dental Pulp Regeneration: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Nevena Cvetic, Anđelka Zivaljevic, Kristina Krstic, Suzana Zivanovic, Milos Papic, Natalija Arsenijevic, Miona Glisic, Tamara Milunovic, Renata Petrovic, Milica Popovic","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030054","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vital pulp therapy aims to preserve pulp vitality by stimulating reparative processes. However, conventional approaches often result in incomplete tissue regeneration. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising cell-free therapeutic agents because of their ability to regulate angiogenesis, odontogenesis, and immune responses through the transfer of bioactive molecules. Despite their significant regenerative potential, the clinical application of EVs remains limited by rapid clearance, insufficient local retention, and uncontrolled release following administration. To address these challenges, various extracellular matrix (ECM)-based and ECM-bioinspired scaffolds have been developed as delivery platforms. These scaffolds can provide structural support and enable controlled, localized release of EVs. This narrative review critically evaluates the current evidence regarding scaffold systems as EV delivery platforms for dental pulp regeneration, comparing their biological performance, methodological quality, and translational potential. Across the available studies, scaffold-assisted EV delivery consistently enhanced angiogenesis, odontogenic differentiation, mineralization, and immunomodulation; however, the evidence remains preclinical and is characterized by substantial heterogeneity regarding EV source, isolation and characterization methods, scaffold composition, experimental models, and outcome assessment. Current findings support the feasibility of scaffold-assisted EV delivery for regenerative endodontics, but important challenges remain, including standardization of EV production and characterization, scalable manufacturing, regulatory approval, and demonstration of long-term safety and functional pulp-dentin complex regeneration. Further well-designed translational and clinical studies will be essential before routine clinical implementation can be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA-seq Co-Expression Analysis Reveals a Midgut-Associated Digestive Gene Module in <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>.","authors":"Bairon J Matabanchoy Pejendino, Vicente E Mallama Cadena, María C Díaz Rodríguez, Claudia Salazar Gonzalez, Pedro A Velasquez-Vasconez","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030053","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> is one of the most destructive polyphagous pests, yet the transcriptional organization underlying its digestive capacity remains poorly resolved. Here, we compiled 579 publicly available RNA-seq libraries representing 54 independent experiments and quantified transcript abundance across tissues and developmental stages. This complete dataset was used to support broader tissue-level expression profiling. After metadata harmonization and quality filtering, a subset of 130 biologically comparable libraries from five tissue/developmental categories was retained for weighted gene co-expression network analysis. WGCNA identified four biologically informative modules, among which the turquoise module was positively associated with fourth- and fifth-instar larval midgut samples. Independent expression profiling revealed strong midgut-biased expression of several trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like serine proteases, although only a subset of these genes was assigned to the turquoise module. Descriptive functional annotation of this module identified 202 co-expressed loci, including digestive enzymes, nutrient transporters, detoxification-related proteins, epithelial components and putative transcriptional or signaling-associated genes. Phylogenetic analyses and manual inspection of genomic locations further showed that several digestive protease genes occur in local clusters and have closely related counterparts in <i>H. zea</i>, suggesting partial conservation of local genomic organization. Collectively, these results describe a midgut-associated co-expression module containing genes associated with digestive, absorptive and protective functions and provide candidate genes for future functional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Patent Landscape and Technological Trends in Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) Laboratories Technologies.","authors":"Milca de J Silva, Roni D Vinhas, Helena S da Hora, Saada L C Fernandez, Hayna Malta-Santos, Hugo Saba, Camila D F Ribeiro, Marilda de S Gonçalves, Bruna A S Machado","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030052","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) laboratories are essential for handling high-risk pathogens and strengthening global health security. This study presents a patent landscape analysis of BSL-3-related technologies using the Derwent World Patents Index (DWPI) to identify technological trends, geographic distribution, patent classifications, and temporal evolution. Patent documents associated with laboratory infrastructure, ventilation systems, containment devices, and biosafety procedures were screened and analyzed. A total of 58 patent documents filed between 2009 and 2024 met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that China and the United States are the leading contributors to BSL-3 patent development, reflecting continued investments in biosafety and biosecurity infrastructure. The most frequent International Patent Classification (IPC) categories were C12M (microbiological devices), E04H (specialized construction infrastructure), and F24F (ventilation and air control systems), highlighting the multidisciplinary nature of innovations in laboratory containment and safety. The temporal trends revealed increases in patent activity following major public health emergencies, including SARS, Ebola, and particularly the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, a significant increase in patent expirations is expected by 2029, creating opportunities for technology transfer, open innovation, and broader access to critical biosafety technologies. These findings emphasize the strategic importance of continued investment in BSL-3 technologies, especially in developing countries with growing biosafety demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stabilizing Nanoemulsions with Blended Biosurfactants: Role of Sophorolipids and Lecithin in Emulsion Performance.","authors":"Yew Seng Leow, Dayang Radiah Awang Biak, Nur Syakina Jamali, Huey Fang Teh, Norhafizah Abdullah","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030051","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sophorolipids (SLs) produced from <i>Starmerella bombicola</i> using four different secondary substrates such as refined, bleached, and deodorized palm olein (RBD PO), RBD palm kernel olein (RBD PKO), RBD coconut olein (RBD CO) and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) waste are reported. Their interfacial characteristics at medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil-water interface and ability to form nano/submicron emulsions were studied. The effects of SLs from different sources, SL concentrations and blend ratios of SLs and soybean lecithin on characteristics of emulsions produced by ultrasonication were examined. Initially, emulsion formed using SLs coded (from F2 to F5) showed large droplets (d₃₂ > 1000 nm) and poor stability. They were then blended with soybean lecithin at a ratio of 3:1 to produce emulsions coded F6 to F9 with smaller droplets (d₃₂ < 400 nm) and great stability over a range of temperatures (from 40 °C to 90 °C) and pH values (from 3 to 9). However, highly acidic (pH 2) and low ionic strength (1 mM NaCl) processing caused the separation of the emulsions. These emulsions also displayed potential antimicrobial activities towards <i>Bacillus cereus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, as well as cytotoxic effects against the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2). These results illustrated that stable emulsions required a mixture of SLs and soybean lecithin.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-Generation Metabolic Engineering of Capsaicinoids Biosynthesis in Chilli Pepper: Bridging Genomic Insights to Biotechnological Applications.","authors":"Thumadath Palayullaparambil Ajeesh Krishna, Deepa Harikrishnan, Mathew Veena, Theivanayagam Maharajan, M James, Minisha Udhayakumar, Parimala Gnana Soundari Arockiam Jeyasundar, Sherrie Jesulyn David, Ramar Dineshkumar, Reshma Rajan, Periyasamy Rathinapriya","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030050","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chilli peppers (<i>Capsicum</i> species) have been widely used around the world because of their economic value and distinctive sensory characteristics. They contain abundant functional metabolites, especially a group of vanillylamide compounds belonging to the family of capsaicinoids, which have been exploited for medicinal, nutritional, agricultural, and cosmetic uses. The demand for capsaicinoid molecules is increasing day by day due to their high economic value and wide range of applications. Therefore, increasing bioactive metabolites, especially capsaicinoids in chilli peppers, is a major priority in the current scenario. Multi-omics approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have substantially contributed to understanding the complex regulatory networks governing capsaicinoid biosynthesis. Key structural genes, transcription factors, and signaling pathways involved in the phenylpropanoid and branched-chain fatty acid pathways have been identified, providing valuable targets for metabolic engineering in chilli pepper. Despite these advances, the integration of genetic modification approaches for the targeted enhancement of capsaicinoid production remains limited in chilli pepper. Recent developments in biotechnology, particularly CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome-editing, enable the precise genetic modification of metabolic pathways and regulatory networks in plants. Therefore, it can contribute to the precise modification of key genes involved in the capsaicinoid biosynthesis pathway, offering potential strategies to enhance the capsaicinoid content in chilli pepper. However, CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing in chilli pepper is still in its early stages. There are currently no reports available on the successful enhancement of capsaicinoid content in chilli peppers through CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing. To date, no comprehensive review has evaluated the CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome-editing approaches for capsaicinoid metabolic engineering in chilli pepper. This review critically evaluates the recent advances in CRISPR/Cas-mediated metabolic engineering in chilli peppers, with particular emphasis on regulatory genes involved in capsaicinoid biosynthesis. Furthermore, multi-omics approaches are expected to complement these strategies by enabling the identification of key regulatory genes, the optimization of genome-editing targets, and the prediction of metabolic outcomes for enhanced capsaicinoid production. Overall, this review provides insights into improving capsaicinoid accumulation in chilli peppers through advanced genome-editing technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Characterization Techniques Applied to Microalgae-Fungal Pellets: Unraveling the Mechanisms of Adhesion and Stability Focused on Nutrient Recovery/Recycling and Bioprocess Diversification.","authors":"João Victor Oliveira Nascimento da Silva, Carlos Eduardo de Farias Silva, Tomás Agustín Rearte, Eleni Kougia, Giorgos Markou, Albanise Enide da Silva","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030049","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microalgae-fungal pellets have been studied as a versatile and robust biotechnological platform, offering significant advantages for microalgal biomass harvesting, wastewater treatment, biofuels production and/or obtaining of value-added products. This review presents an integrated analysis of the mechanisms governing the formation, stability, and functionality of these systems, combining physicochemical, biological, and mathematical modelling approaches and aims to describe the current state of the art and main research needs. The aggregation process is strongly influenced by the complementarity of the surface properties of microalgae and filamentous fungi, including electrostatic interactions, production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), and modifications in surface roughness. Recent advances in multiscale characterization techniques, such as confocal microscopy, micro-computed tomography, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, have allowed a more precise elucidation of the internal architecture and surface chemistry of the pellets. In parallel, biological characterization through enzymatic assays, oxidative stress biomarkers, and photosynthetic activity analyses has provided relevant information on the metabolic responses and functional resilience of the consortium. Additionally, the incorporation of mathematical flocculation models can contribute to the prediction of pellet growth, density, and stability, supporting process optimization and application. The understanding of these interaction phenomena is important for the design of high-yield and efficient systems, including their development and validation, to expand the use of microalgae-fungal pellets in bioprocesses, as evidenced by this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of Stale Bread and Sunflower Spent Oil via Solid State Fermentation Using Food-Grade Filamentous Fungi.","authors":"Vahid Abbasi, Francisca P Martínez-Antequera, Hadel Al-Roubai, Rahmo Abukar, Amir Mahboubi Soufiani","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030048","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global food waste management necessitates circular bioeconomy solutions to transform organic residues into high-value nutrients to address nutritional demands. This study investigated the valorization of two abundant waste streams, stale bread and sunflower oil through solid state fermentation using food-grade filamentous fungi. Three strains, <i>Neurospora intermedia</i>, <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> and <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> were evaluated for the bioconversion of stale bread. Oil supplementation levels of 10, 20 and 30% (g/100 g dry matter) using both fresh and spent sunflower oil were tested to assess changes in proximate composition, characterizing fungal growth dynamics and mycelial development. Furthermore, modifications in fatty acid profiles and hydrolytic enzyme activities were analyzed to determine species responses to oil source and concentration. The results demonstrated that <i>N. intermedia</i> achieved peak protein levels of 36% (g/100 g) alongside efficient starch catabolism, while 10% fresh oil supplementation induced a significant protein increase (26%) in <i>A. oryzae</i>. Regarding lipid accumulation, 10% spent oil supported higher fat content in <i>R. oryzae</i> (19%) compared to fresh oil (17%). PUFA/SFA ratio reached its maximum in <i>A. oryzae</i> with the highest of 5.91 ± 0.56 under 10% fresh oil. Enzymatic analysis identified <i>A. oryzae</i> as the most efficient lipase producer, reaching a maximum activity of approximately 0.10 U/g at 10% spent oil supplementation. Conversely, <i>R. oryzae</i> lipase activity peaked at 20% supplementation (0.08 U/g), reflecting its high capacity for lipid accumulation. These findings establish a potent bioprocess for upcycling mixed food wastes into enhanced functional ingredients for sustainable food and feed systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The \"Green Gold\" May Have a Chance Towards Sustainability: <i>Persea americana</i> In Vitro Callus Cultures.","authors":"Vanessa Dalla Costa, Raffaella Filippini","doi":"10.3390/biotech15030047","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biotech15030047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Superfoods have gained increasing attention for their nutritional and functional properties, with avocado (<i>Persea americana</i> Mill.) among the most prominent examples owing to its health-promoting compounds. However, avocado cultivation is associated with several challenges, including high water demand, environmental impact, seasonal variability, and post-harvest losses. To address these limitations, in vitro plant cell cultures represent a sustainable and controlled alternative for producing avocado-derived material. In this study, avocado var. Hass callus cultures were established and evaluated as a potential source of functional metabolites. Colourimetric assays performed at different growth stages identified 14-day-old callus as the most enriched in phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity; this material was therefore selected for further analyses. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS profiling revealed a phenolic-rich composition, including flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, galloyl derivatives and phenylpropanoid-related compounds, consistent with vegetative plant tissues. Nutritional analysis showed high moisture content and low lipid levels, differing in composition from the avocado pulp, along with a high content of attention-grabbing nutrients, such as protein and fibre. Overall, although further studies are required to confirm compound identity and assess safety for future applications, avocado calli represent a promising sustainable platform for the production of value-added bioactive compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":34490,"journal":{"name":"BioTech","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}