Environmental Advances最新文献

{"title":"Source apportionment of PM2.5 and PM10 pollutants near an urban roadside site using positive matrix factorization","authors":"Shahid Anwar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Shameer ,&nbsp;Hussain Alawadhi ,&nbsp;Nasser M Hamdan","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents results from a comprehensive study of source apportionment of particulate matter (PM) of size PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ near a busy highway in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Source apportionment was carried out using US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Positive Matrix Factorization model. Furthermore, backward trajectory analysis and Potential Source Contribution Function were used to assess air mass transport pathways and identify potential source regions, respectively. The results revealed six major sources for PM_2.5, including traffic, sea salt, fugitive dust, secondary aerosols, heavy oil combustion and mineral dust. For PM₁₀, four major sources were identified, including secondary aerosols, traffic, sea salt and mineral dust. Traffic emissions were found to be significant contributors to both PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ pollution, along with natural sources like sea salt and mineral dust. Backward trajectory analysis indicated the influence of different wind regimes on air mass transport, with contributions from regions like Arabian Gulf, Arabian Sea, Oman and Iran. The Conditional Bivariate Probability Function analysis further explained the impact of local traffic emissions and other sources on PM pollution under varying wind conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000917/pdfft?md5=8980fbb019dfe4189cbc8f1d19e009a7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000917-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the effect of cavitation on particles in leaching processes: implications to battery recycling","authors":"Chiara Canciani,&nbsp;Elia Colleoni,&nbsp;Varaha P. Sarvothaman,&nbsp;Paolo Guida,&nbsp;William L. Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Along with the transition to cleaner energy production methods, closing the processing loop on batteries is becoming one of the significant issues to tackle in this decade. The most promising recycling technique consists in the leaching of crushed cathode material, <em>i.e</em>. the dissolution of the solid battery material in an acid solution, to recover valuable metals from spent batteries. To lower process time and to use green organic solvents, ultrasonically enhanced leaching is a valid alternative to conventional processing. The mechanism of action of ultrasound during leaching is still unclear, and yet to be directly observed on solid particles. Therefore, this work aims to shed light on the underlying phenomena in the ultrasonically enhanced leaching process, by directly observing leached material. In particular, the focus is placed on the combined effect of ultrasound and acetic acid on NMC particles. Residual material from conventional and ultrasonically enhanced leaching was analyzed with inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Conventional and ultrasonically enhanced leaching techniques were thus compared in terms of leaching efficiency, particle size distribution and morphological changes, demonstrating the beneficial effect of ultrasonic cavitation on mass transfer. Additionally, the NMC particles were exposed to ultrasound in water, to confirm that standalone ultrasonic cavitation does not lead to particles breakage. The understanding of the effect of ultrasound enables their targeted application in leaching processes and allows a deeper understanding of ultrasound in heterogeneous systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000887/pdfft?md5=9f7eaa7f355779c406c3372d338577d5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000887-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling seasonal nitrate contamination dynamics in cropland sub-watersheds: A geo-morphological analysis of the bilate agricultural watershed","authors":"Bereket Geberselassie Assa ,&nbsp;Anirudh Bhowmick ,&nbsp;Bisrat Elias Cholo","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cropland sub-watershed surface and groundwater contamination are pressing issues for water management. This study examines the impact of sediment transport indices (STI) on nitrate concentration in downstream water bodies. The research highlights rainfall's significant role in predicting seasonal nitrate levels. Employing GIS-SWPT tools and hydro-geomorphologic analysis, cropland sub-watersheds, particularly sub-watersheds one and three, are prioritized for their high contribution to downstream surface and groundwater nitrate contamination, with prioritization values of 105.58 and 180.63, respectively. Statistical analysis, conducted using Python's scikit-learn library, validated the findings of the study, with the model's F-statistic of 79.63 and a corresponding p-value of 0.0147 underscoring its overall significance. However, while STI alone showed a prioritization parametric correlation coefficient of 0.5077, suggesting other external factors also contribute to nitrate loading, a strong relationship between STI and nitrate concentration was revealed (R² of 0.993). This integrated approach enhances understanding of how geomorphologic parameters of cropland sub-watersheds influence water quality downstream. By clarifying the complex interactions between sediment transport and nitrate concentration, evidence-based strategies can be developed to mitigate surface and groundwater nitrate pollution. This research provides valuable insights into cropland sub-watershed pollution dynamics and informs targeted management interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000905/pdfft?md5=427f241329a3313892c5479d11dcb78b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000905-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on utilization potential of functionalized biochar for the removal of antibiotics from water","authors":"Bablu Alawa ,&nbsp;Surya Singh ,&nbsp;Sankar Chakma ,&nbsp;Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ,&nbsp;Vishal Diwan","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globally, water resources are facing serious threat owing to the increasing concentration of various emerging contaminants. Indiscriminately discarded and/or excreted antibiotics and their residues are one such emerging contaminants. Since long-term persistence of these residues in environment is responsible for developing antimicrobial (antibacterial) resistance in the organisms, their removal from water / wastewater is essential. Hence, scientists are attempting to evolve novel methods to encounter antibiotics and their residues in water. One such method is the adsorption of antibiotics onto a suitable matrix thereby reducing their concentration in water. Biochar has been proven to act as a suitable adsorbent for various contaminants; however, their removal efficiency remains a concern. Therefore, functionalization of biochar using various physical and chemical modifications, was developed as a technique that can help in efficient removal of antibiotics. Functionalization has been seen to improve the physical and chemical properties of biochar; such as, pore volume, pore diameter, surface morphology, surface functional groups, polarity, porosity <em>etc</em>. In this review, functionalized biochars have been explored to understand their efficacy and mechanism for the removal of antibiotics and their residues. The discussion includes biochar functionalization methods, impact of property modifications on the removal of antibiotic residues, and their removal mechanism. In addition, cost-effectiveness, economy of the adsorption process, and its environmental effects have also been dealt with.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000899/pdfft?md5=7ed9a23ba746c67f353df9d91a20d604&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000899-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141949900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of green microbiology for microplastic remediation: Current progress and future perspectives","authors":"Adenike Akinsemolu ,&nbsp;Helen Onyeaka","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nearly two decades ago, the term “microplastics” was coined and used for the first time to refer to tiny fragments of plastic. Since then, microplastics have been found in aquatic and terrestrial environments, the atmosphere, and inside the bodies of animals and human beings, including human lungs. The plastic particles’ contribution to environmental pollution is extensive, accounting for millions of metric tons of waste in the oceans and on land. As the world grapples with extensive microplastic pollution, significant progress is being made in preventing and addressing it. To this end, green microbiology has emerged as a potential approach for microplastic remediation. This article evaluates research on the viability of the use of microorganisms for this purpose, highlighting some microorganisms that have been used successfully in the remediation of microplastics, the mechanisms employed for this purpose, and the link of their use for microplastic remediation to sustainability. Finally, this article builds on current knowledge to identify potential future directions for research on the use of microorganisms for microplastic remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000875/pdfft?md5=d5a55718cb454a99e73957c099dfd059&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000875-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141729695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology for the quantification of the absorption potential of greenhouse - and pollutant gases by climbing plants used in façade greening; a case study on ivy (Hedera helix)","authors":"Minka Aduse-Poku ,&nbsp;Franz Rohrer ,&nbsp;Benjamin Winter ,&nbsp;Hans G. Edelmann","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How much do specific climbing plants contribute to the cleansing or absorption of harmful greenhouse and pollutant gases; often regarded as the main environmental threat in cities due to their adverse effects on human health? One of the main hurdles in the quantification of such ecosystem services is associated with the difficulty to obtain and design systems that provide detailed information on the interaction between various gases and the plant in question. To tackle these questions, two highly precise and accurate instruments, namely a mid-infrared laser absorption spectrometer (TDL) and a cavity-ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) were used to monitor the fate of gases when exposed to façade climbing plants like ivy. In a laboratory setting, a relaxation type of experiment was used consisting of a reaction chamber equipped with plant species and continuously flushed by synthetic air. This setup was used to determine the timescales of decay after short injections of the above-mentioned gases. After these injections, all gases followed simple exponential decay curves. N₂O, a non-reactive (inert) tropospheric gas, was used as a reference to which all other gases were compared and thereby quantified. This paper focuses on the detailed description of methods and processes to analyse the gas-absorptive behaviour of plants when exposed to gaseous pollutants. For demonstration purposes, quantified absorption features of nitrogen oxide (NO₂) are presented for ivy of the variety <em>Hedera helix</em> “Plattensee”. Results of this method of quantification showed that - as compared to N₂O (control), - NO₂ had a reduced residence time (time scale) of 100 s, while N₂O resulted in a 600 s residence time (indicating no interference with the plant). This is equivalent to a 0.3 cm/s deposition velocity/ absorption rate of NO₂ under light conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000863/pdfft?md5=0097c9dc6b93c81daceee15d03a348dd&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000863-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of spunbond nonwoven microplastics on dye wastewater treatment via hydrogen peroxide–based catalyst–assisted advanced oxidation processes","authors":"Supitsara Raksaman ,&nbsp;Chunya Kloysuwan ,&nbsp;Anurak Khrueakham ,&nbsp;Sermpong Sairiam","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing prevalence of microplastics (MPs) in textile wastewater poses significant challenges for treatment processes. This study evaluates the impact of MPs on the decolorization of Reactive Red 239 (RR239) dye using hydrogen peroxide–based advanced oxidation processes, specifically UV/H₂O₂, H₂O₂/Fe²⁺ (Fenton) and H₂O₂/Fe²⁺/UV (photo–Fenton). UV/H₂O₂ oxidation exhibited superior decolorization efficiency compared to both Fenton and photo–Fenton processes. The optimal decolorization efficiency for RR239 was achieved at 94.1% at pH 3 in the Fenton process with H₂O₂ and Fe²⁺ concentrations of 2.5 mg/L and 12.5 mg/L, respectively. For UV/H₂O₂ oxidation, complete decolorization was achieved in 60 min at an optimal UV light intensity of 11 W and H₂O₂ of 75 mg/L at neutral pH. The presence of spunbond nonwoven MPs in RR239 wastewater significantly inhibited decolorization efficiency and kinetic rate constants. The pseudo–second–order rate constant (<em>K_app</em>) for the Fenton process without MPs was 0.0101 M^–1 min^–1, whereas the presence of MPs reduced the <em>K</em>_<em>app</em> to a range of 0.0026 to 0.0034 M^–1 min^–1. The UV/H₂O₂ process maintained a <em>K_app</em> of 0.1301 min^–1 as pseudo–first–order regardless of MP content but was affected by MP size. MPs in the size range of 200–500 µm improved decolorization efficiency, while larger MPs (500–1000 µm) reduced it. The results highlight the necessity of separating MPs to maintain high decolorization efficiency in dye wastewater treatment processes. The findings suggest that optimizing these parameters can enhance the efficacy of advanced oxidation processes in treating dye wastewater containing MPs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000851/pdfft?md5=4a6135cf15b3e4a9d93dd5bcbc257500&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000851-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical properties of microplastics affecting the aquatic biota: A review","authors":"Naiara Casagrande ,&nbsp;Francesca Verones ,&nbsp;Paula Sobral ,&nbsp;Graça Martinho","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The physical properties of microplastics, such as size, type, polymer and chemical composition, affect their level of toxicity once ingested by aquatic species. Therefore, to be able to produce environmental relevant ecotoxicity data, laboratory tests should take these properties into consideration as well as in the calculation of effect factors for the Life Cycle Assessment methodology. In this study, we reviewed papers estimating ecotoxicity of microplastics ingested by species under laboratory conditions as well as data on microplastics ingested by species sampled from the field. This aims to identify the physical property of the plastics ingested and the influence on levels of ecotoxicity. Afterwards, our paper shows a mismatch between the physical properties ingested by the species sampled in the field and those tested for toxicity in laboratory studies. Regarding types, laboratory studies commonly expose aquatic species to regularly shaped particles such as microbeads and pellets (representing 72 %). For effect factors in LCA context, microbeads represent 88 % in number of datapoints. In contrast to this, irregularly shaped particles (e.g. fibres and fragments) are more frequently reported in the field, representing 85 % of the ingested microplastics. At the same time, regarding size, most of the laboratory studies examine microplastics and there is a lack of toxicity data for nano sized particles. A mismatch is also reported on the polymers; Polypropylene, Polyethylene and Polyester represented a total of 45 % of the samples detected in the field, while Polyethylene and Polystyrene represent 69 % in ecotoxicity studies and 78 % in effect factors. These mismatches shows that physical properties prevalent ingested by the species still lack data on levels of ecotoxicity as well as in number of data points in the LCA context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266676572400084X/pdfft?md5=faba8a27fd1c22ee437ae0857feaf2a5&pid=1-s2.0-S266676572400084X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141605917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeochemistry and human health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution of groundwater in Tarkwa, a mining community in Ghana","authors":"Harry Amonoo Gwira ,&nbsp;Richard Osae ,&nbsp;Christopher Abasiya ,&nbsp;Michael Yaw Peasah ,&nbsp;Felix Owusu ,&nbsp;Seyram Kofi Loh ,&nbsp;Ayittey Kojo ,&nbsp;Philip Aidoo ,&nbsp;Ebenezer Aboagye Agyare","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study investigated the geochemical characterization and contamination of groundwater quality in Tarkwa, a mining community in Ghana. Total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, total dissolved solids, total hardness, heavy metals, and cyanide (CN) were all assessed in 74 groundwater samples. Other parameters assessed included pH, electrical conductivity, carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, and pH. Using the method recommended by the USEPA, a health risk assessment was carried out. Among the parameters which exceeded their WHO recommended threshold were pH (4.9–7.7), Conductivity (150–1082 µS/Cm), Turbidity (1.4–139.5 NTU), Magnesium (1.9–395.5 mg/L), Nitrate (4.5 mg/L–760 mg/L), phosphate (2.3–80 mg/L), Sulphate (10–855.6 mg/L), CN (1.6–16 mg/L), As (0.001–0.015 mg/L), Hg (0.001–0.005 mg/L), Cd (ND-0.009 mg/L), Mn (0.004–1.38 mg/L), Ni (0.002–0.118 mg/L). The study also showed that the groundwater in Tarkwa is naturally hard, making Ca and Mg ions the main ions determining the chemistry of the water. Similar to this, the most significant factors affecting water chemistry were rock dominance and precipitation dominance. Due to high levels of CN, As, and Cd, health risk evaluation revealed that prolonged intake of groundwater from Tarkwa is linked to both carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health risk. Children were shown to be more vulnerable to both carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health risks than adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000838/pdfft?md5=947a4dd8aa466097cef9f7925af6273b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000838-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field study on the integration of a hydrogen-producing microbiome in restoring Phellinus noxius-affected rhizosphere","authors":"Chang-Lung Han ,&nbsp;Chieh-Chen Huang ,&nbsp;Jiunn-Jyi Lay","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology (NKUST), a mesophilic anaerobic bioreactor system produces a hydrogen-producing microbiome (HMb) containing beneficial bacteria such as <em>Bacillus</em> sp. This HMb, known for degrading cellulose and remediating soil, is being tested in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, to treat tree root rot caused by <em>Phellinus noxius</em> (<em>P. noxius</em>). The study aims to evaluate HMb's effectiveness in restoring the rhizosphere, enhancing soil health, and increasing tree resistance by assessing soil bioactivity and microbial diversity.</p><p>Field experiments showed that HMb treatment improved tree health by 24 % at the highest health level but reduced it by 20 % at the next level. Post-treatment soil organic matter (SOM) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) levels remained stable, indicating minimal impact on soil fertility. HMb also lowered soil pH in some plots, potentially suppressing pathogens and enhancing nutrient absorption. The study found that HMb increased microbial diversity in the rhizosphere, particularly <em>Acidobacteria</em> and <em>Proteobacteria</em>, which inhibited fungal growth. However, HMb had no significant impact on <em>P. noxius</em> populations. Overall, HMb treatment shows promise in enhancing plant health by improving microbial diversity and soil conditions, but further research is needed to understand its full impact on pathogen suppression and soil health restoration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000826/pdfft?md5=fa46d219446f9533cc12ac7a5f4785a3&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000826-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141539960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}