Environmental Advances最新文献

{"title":"Non-target screening analysis of hazardous noxious substances using gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry","authors":"Chun Yang,&nbsp;Gong Zhang,&nbsp;Keval Shah,&nbsp;Lauren Brown,&nbsp;Zeyu Yang,&nbsp;Bruce Hollebone,&nbsp;Patrick Lambert,&nbsp;Vanessa Beaulac","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The forensic investigation of hazardous noxious substances (HNS) is paramount for an effective response to chemical spill emergencies and other accidents. Analyzing unknown emergency samples poses a challenge due to the limited availability of background information, making the selection of appropriate sample preparation and analytical methodologies difficult. The utilization of high-resolution mass spectrometers (HRMS) in screening both target and non-target substances proves instrumental in revealing hazardous substances that may be overlooked alongside the intended analytes. In this study, a gas chromatography-quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC-QTOF-MS) was employed to identify numerous organic compounds in an indoor dust sample. The compounds detected encompassed normal alkanes, fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated), alcohols, phenols, sterols, drugs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, flame retardants (such as polybrominated biphenyl ethers, PBDEs), plasticizers (such as phthalates and phosphates), among others. Notably, concentrations of n-alkanes, fatty acids, and phthalates were relatively high, while PAHs and pesticides were present at trace levels. The application of GC-QTOF-MS provides a swift and confirmative approach for analyzing target, suspect, and non-target compounds in both routine and emergency scenarios. This methodology proves invaluable in enhancing our capability to comprehensively assess and address chemical incidents, ensuring a more thorough and accurate response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote sensing-based agricultural drought mapping in Northern Jordan using Landsat and MODIS data","authors":"Obada Badarneh ,&nbsp;Khaled Hazaymeh ,&nbsp;Ali Almagbile ,&nbsp;Sattam Al Shogoor","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring agricultural drought in a semi-arid environment is critical, especially during the growing season, as it negatively impacts vegetation health and crop yield. This study aimed to monitor the spatiotemporal variation of agricultural drought in Northern Jordan using Landsat-8 and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data. The Spatio-Temporal Image Fusion Model (STI-FM) was used to produce synthetic Landsat images with a high spatiotemporal resolution (30 m / 8 days) by utilizing a pair of successive MODIS images at two points in time (time-1 and time-2) and one Landsat-8 image at time-1. Agricultural drought was mapped and monitored using spectral indices namely, Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), Temperature Condition Index (TCI), and Vegetation Health Index (VHI). Additionally, the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) -based meteorological rainfall data was used to validate the accuracy of the drought maps. The results revealed significant spatiotemporal variations in drought conditions, with April 2020 showing the least dry conditions, while 2019 was identified as the driest year. Validation through SPI indicated high accuracy, with kappa values ranging from 0.70 to 0.85 and overall accuracy ranging from 80 % to 92 %. Furthermore, the STI-FM data fusion algorithm effectively generated high-resolution Landsat-8 images, demonstrating a strong correlation between original and synthetic images for the red and NIR spectral bands (0.93 and 0.84, respectively). These findings highlight the effectiveness of integrating STI-FM with spectral indices and SPI for accurate and high-resolution agricultural drought monitoring, which can support improved water resource management and agricultural planning in semi-arid regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An insight into the toxicological impacts of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on human health: A review","authors":"Shikha Awasthi ,&nbsp;Ankur Srivastava ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar ,&nbsp;Sarvesh Kumar Pandey ,&nbsp;Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hadi Dehghani ,&nbsp;Khalid Ansari","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have gained significant attention due to their unique mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. These exciting properties of CNTs make them productive in various applications, from electronics to optics to therapeutics. However, concerns about the potential toxicity of carbon nanotubes have also been raised, prompting extensive research to understand their effects on human health and the environment. Several studies have investigated the toxicity of carbon nanotubes, and the results vary depending on factors such as size, shape, surface chemistry, and the route of exposure. This review highlights the toxicological aspects of CNTs with a special focus on the major consequences of CNT toxicity. The study unfolds the prospects on how the toxicity of CNTs causes adverse effects on the central nervous system, kidney, spleen, eye, cardiac, etc., and thus can influence numerous applications covering from clinical to environmental. Moreover, the report offers an imperative deliberation over the curing or remedies of CNT toxicity, which can provide collective insights for the researchers. Thus, this review report provides the developments, implications, and different approaches to CNT toxicity so that the readers can clearly understand the wide-ranging forecasts of CNT toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phi6 virus transmission in Arctic outdoor air and the effects of solar UV radiation on virus and host viability","authors":"Rasmus Malmgren ,&nbsp;Svetlana Sofieva-Rios ,&nbsp;Kaisa Lakkala ,&nbsp;Eija Asmi ,&nbsp;Yan Sun ,&nbsp;Michael Todt ,&nbsp;Paavo Heikkilä ,&nbsp;Dennis Bamford ,&nbsp;Martin Romantschuk ,&nbsp;Nina Atanasova","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Virus seasonality is affected by many environmental factors. UV radiation is a less studied but potentially important factor in virus outdoor aerosol transmission. Virus aerosol transmission in an Arctic environment was simulated by nebulizing Phi6 outdoors to study longer range (0-75 m) transmission. Aerosolized viruses were collected using host-containing agar plates, Biosamplers and filter collectors. Additionally, the effects of long-term exposure to solar UV radiation were studied on Phi6 and its host bacteria <em>Pseudomonas phaseolicola.</em> Phi6 remained infectious in aerosols for at least 50 m outdoors, however, potential for longer transmission distance still exists. Exposure to solar UV radiation did not significantly affect Phi6 viability, however, a decreasing trend was seen over an 8 h exposure time. Potential UV radiation related damages were found in the host bacteria's genome, but not in Phi6. This study shows that some viruses can remain infectious and travel for relatively long distances outdoors. Solar UV radiation was found to have minimal or no effect on Phi6 aerosol transmission at these distances, however, Phi6 is known to be resilient against UV radiation. Further studies are required with longer distance collection to understand the full potential of virus aerosol transmission outdoors. Additionally, other model viruses should be experimented with to understand how different viruses remain infectious in aerosols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An update on adverse health effects from exposure to PM2.5","authors":"Sarawut Sangkham ,&nbsp;Worradorn Phairuang ,&nbsp;Samendra P. Sherchan ,&nbsp;Nattapon Pansakun ,&nbsp;Narongsuk Munkong ,&nbsp;Kritsada Sarndhong ,&nbsp;Md. Aminul Islam ,&nbsp;Pornpun Sakunkoo","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) on public health has become a global concern due to the mortality and morbidity it entails. Pathophysiological and epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between PM_2.5 and respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. The underlying mechanisms through which PM_2.5 adversely affects human health include the induction of oxidative stress, cytokine release, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, altered gene expression, immune toxicity, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis. These outcomes drive the initiation and progression of various diseases. Notably, exposure to PM_2.5 containing chemical compounds may translocate and induce unbalanced intracellular functions at the genetic and epigenetic levels, leading to mutations, carcinogenesis, and multiple diseases. This review aims to summarise and discuss recent updates on the mechanisms linking PM_2.5 exposure to adverse health, highlighting the critical connection between PM_2.5 and health outcomes, with the hope of raising awareness and promoting measures to reduce PM_2.5 levels worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation pathways of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl compounds: Removal in water and soil using fungi and plant-based remediation","authors":"Oladayo Amed Idris,&nbsp;Mariana Erasmus","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many known purification systems have failed in the removal of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), and there is no known natural degradation process. PFAS are a group of synthetic fluoroorganic compounds that have a unique dual nature of both lipophobic and hydrophobic, as well as high-energy chemical bonds that make them pervasive in the environment. Currently, these compounds receive less attention; however, they pose serious health problems. Studies have shown PFAS's dispersion pathways, health concerns, and suggestions for their removal in soil and water, but there is still limited information on the natural or subjective degradation of the compounds. Several technologies, such as phytoremediation, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and photolysis, have been demonstrated to remove PFAS. However, these techniques come with their challenges and drawbacks, especially in the complete removal of the compounds. Thus, this overview described the pathways and mechanisms of some PFAS, including biotransformation pathways of 6:2 FTOH, biotransformation and degradation pathways of 8:2 FTOH, and fragmentation pathways for PFOA, PFOS, and 8:2 FTOH, degraded by the <em>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</em> fungus. Furthermore, this study suggests that the integration of plants and fungi into constructed wetland technology holds promise for effective PFAS removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of residential hot water heater type and water stagnation on drinking water quality within a full-scale premise plumbing system","authors":"Helen Y Buse ,&nbsp;Josh Steenbock ,&nbsp;Sara Okum ,&nbsp;Nicole Sojda ,&nbsp;Sharon Kidney ,&nbsp;Johnny Brossart ,&nbsp;Dave Elstun ,&nbsp;Eric Weaver ,&nbsp;Sue Witt","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Premise plumbing systems (PPSs), which are connected to the main drinking water distribution system via service lines, are a primary source for human exposure to chemical and microbial contaminants through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. To understand the occurrence and distribution of drinking water contaminants in these systems, this study utilized a full-scale PPS and monitored operational parameters and water quality changes for 26 weeks. The PPS contained natural gas- and electric-powered instantaneous and tank hot water heaters (HWHs), each supplying separate sinks and a single shower stall. Total water, gas, and electric usage was monitored daily. Over 400 water samples were collected at 11 timepoints across a 26-week period. Samples represented 4 types: Supply, Hot, Cold, and Shower water, with either stagnant (after an 8-hour period of no water usage), 10-15 second, and/or 5–10-minute flushed samples collected. Lower heterotrophic plate count (HPC) levels were observed in Shower and Hot water samples compared to those in the Supply Line, with most Hot water samples displaying decreases in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels post flushing. Water quality differences were also observed between Hot water samples supplied by instantaneous and tank HWHs, such as temperature, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), conductivity, chlorine levels, and US regulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Spearman tests indicated very strong to perfect negative correlations between DBPs, ORP, and free chlorine in Hot and Shower water samples. Principal component analysis revealed distinct clustering of Cold and Hot water samples, supplied either by instantaneous or tank HWH samples, which were driven by differences in temperature, HPC/ATP, DBPs, conductivity, and disinfectant residual. These differences were also impacted by water stagnation as observed by the separate clustering of respective stagnant and flushed HWH samples. Collectively, HWH system and water age (i.e., stagnation) and type strongly influenced chemical and microbial water quality and furthers the understanding of the impacts PPS design and engineering parameters have on water quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of green microbiology for microplastic remediation: Current progress and future perspectives","authors":"Adenike Akinsemolu ,&nbsp;Helen Onyeaka","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nearly two decades ago, the term “microplastics” was coined and used for the first time to refer to tiny fragments of plastic. Since then, microplastics have been found in aquatic and terrestrial environments, the atmosphere, and inside the bodies of animals and human beings, including human lungs. The plastic particles’ contribution to environmental pollution is extensive, accounting for millions of metric tons of waste in the oceans and on land. As the world grapples with extensive microplastic pollution, significant progress is being made in preventing and addressing it. To this end, green microbiology has emerged as a potential approach for microplastic remediation. This article evaluates research on the viability of the use of microorganisms for this purpose, highlighting some microorganisms that have been used successfully in the remediation of microplastics, the mechanisms employed for this purpose, and the link of their use for microplastic remediation to sustainability. Finally, this article builds on current knowledge to identify potential future directions for research on the use of microorganisms for microplastic remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000875/pdfft?md5=d5a55718cb454a99e73957c099dfd059&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000875-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141729695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of microplastics pollution in important commercial coastal seafood of Central Java, Indonesia","authors":"Inneke Hantoro ,&nbsp;Ansje J. Löhr ,&nbsp;Frank G.A.J. Van Belleghem ,&nbsp;Budi Widianarko ,&nbsp;Ad M.J. Ragas","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The contamination levels and characteristics of microplastics (MPs) were assessed in commercial seafood from the coastal region of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. This study covers milkfish (<em>Chanos chanos</em>), blood cockles (<em>Anadara granosa</em>) and green mussels (<em>Perna viridis</em>). Green mussels had the highest abundance (70.7 ± 48.0 particles/individual), followed by blood cockles (18.3 ± 7.3 particles/individual) and milkfish (5.9 ± 4.3 particles/individual). Fragments dominated in seafood samples (37–87.6 %), except for milkfish, which was mainly dominated by fibres (65,5 %). MPs in the 50-100 µm size range were primarily found in bivalve samples (34–40 %), while larger particles (100-1000 µm) were abundant in milkfish (53.1 %). Most MPs detected were grey in blood cockles (51 %), brown in green mussels (50 %), and black and brown in milkfish (33 %). Regarding polymer types, rubber (12–14 %), styrene copolymers (9–13 %), and cellulose (4–25 %) dominated MPs in milkfish and green mussels. The three most important polymers in blood cockles were cellulose (40 %), polyamide (20 %), and polyethylene (11 %). These findings confirm that MPs contaminate our daily diet, implying that further research is needed into the potential health risks of ingested MPs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000929/pdfft?md5=f9de12c00a03fa157e3172ecf51e23a4&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000929-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical distribution of microplastics in urban farmland soils. A case of Mabibo Bonde la Mchicha farm, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","authors":"Emmanuel T. Kato,&nbsp;Zainab J. Katima,&nbsp;Rwaichi J.A. Minja","doi":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rise of microplastics (MPs) is a global concern jeopardizing environmental safety. Initial studies have extensively concentrated on aquatic ecosystems, leaving their presence in terrestrial environments unknown. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate the vertical distribution of MPs in farmland soils of Mabibo Bonde la Mchicha Farm (MBMF), Dar es Salaam. 39 soil samples collected from MBMF were investigated using a Stereomicroscope and QATR-S FTIR. Results herein showed that MPs were found in all soil samples in different depths up to 15 cm deep, ranging from 4.8 to 82.2 items g^-1 dry weight (DW). There was a statistically significant difference in MP abundance in depths between 0–5, 5–10 and 10–15 cm layers (P = 0.033) at ὰ = 0.05. The observations were revealed by the observed colors, in which white (36.5 %) was the most frequently observed, followed by blue (21.4 %), brown (20.2 %), black (12.8 %) and red (9 %). Fibers (49.7 %), fragments (32.9 %) and films (17.3 %) were the dominant shapes. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were the dominant polymers observed constituting 33 % each, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 11 %, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) 8 %, polyester (PES) 7 %, polyamide (PA) 7 % and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 1 %. It can be inferred that PE and PP exhibited greater vertical mobility. However, PA and PVC were only observed in the topsoil layer. This study reveals MPs' occurrence and vertical transfer in urban farmland soils of MBMF in Dar es Salaam.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34473,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765724000760/pdfft?md5=4b246b54b39815e3e4e3bfafb04da885&pid=1-s2.0-S2666765724000760-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141407267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}