JoulePub Date : 2025-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.12.002
Deokjae Choi , Donghoon Shin , Chongwen Li , Yuan Liu , Abdulaziz S.R. Bati , Dana E. Kachman , Yi Yang , Jiachen Li , Yoon Jung Lee , Muzhi Li , Saivineeth Penukula , Da Bin Kim , Heejong Shin , Chiung-Han Chen , So Min Park , Cheng Liu , Aidan Maxwell , Haoyue Wan , Nicholas Rolston , Edward H. Sargent , Bin Chen
{"title":"Carboxyl-functionalized perovskite enables ALD growth of a compact and uniform ion migration barrier","authors":"Deokjae Choi , Donghoon Shin , Chongwen Li , Yuan Liu , Abdulaziz S.R. Bati , Dana E. Kachman , Yi Yang , Jiachen Li , Yoon Jung Lee , Muzhi Li , Saivineeth Penukula , Da Bin Kim , Heejong Shin , Chiung-Han Chen , So Min Park , Cheng Liu , Aidan Maxwell , Haoyue Wan , Nicholas Rolston , Edward H. Sargent , Bin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixed-halide wide-band-gap perovskites are critical components of highly efficient tandem cells, but their operating stability is limited by halide migration. Metal oxides deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been shown to block halide migration; however, previously pursued methods result in inhomogeneous nucleation and growth. We hypothesized that functionalizing the perovskite surface with ALD-active carboxyl groups could promote nucleation and enable higher-temperature metal oxide growth. We find that 5-ammonium valeric acid iodide (5-AVAI) facilitates the formation of a compact and uniform aluminum oxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) layer and allows growth at 100°C compared with the previous limit of 75°C. We demonstrate that halide migration into the C<sub>60</sub> electron transport layer is reduced by a factor of 10 compared with the reference case. Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-capped perovskite solar cells with a band gap of 1.78 eV retain 90% of their initial power conversion efficiency after 1,000 h of continuous operation under 1-sun illumination at 55°C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 101801"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142937597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2025-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.101807
Chengyi Hu , Zixiao Zhao , Wanli Wang , Weijie Zou , Shengjun Liu , Xiaoliang Fang , Xiangyu Su , Nanfeng Zheng
{"title":"In situ electrochemical regeneration of permanganate ion for sustainable oxidation reactions","authors":"Chengyi Hu , Zixiao Zhao , Wanli Wang , Weijie Zou , Shengjun Liu , Xiaoliang Fang , Xiangyu Su , Nanfeng Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.101807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.101807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous stoichiometric oxidants have been employed for the oxidative production of high-end fine chemicals. However, regeneration of these oxidants often suffers from high energy consumption and complex separation. Here, we report an <em>in situ</em> electrochemical approach for the regeneration of a widely used oxidant, permanganate (MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>), by coupling electrochemical and chemical reactions in an integrated system. Using electrosynthesis of 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (DTD), a commercial electrolyte additive in Li-ion batteries, as a representative example, the electrochemically generated MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> shows remarkable performance as a redox mediator for catalyzing ethylene sulfite oxidation to produce DTD. By employing pulsed voltammetry, electrosynthesis of DTD can be performed in a single-pass continuous flow electrolyzer with 85% yield and 72% Faradaic efficiency. The practicality of the developed method is demonstrated with a wide substrate scope, robust anode stability, and scaling capability to achieve a DTD production capacity of 500 g/h in a 1-m<sup>2</sup> electrolyzer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 101807"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142991173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2025-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.101810
Peter Benedek , Yamile E. Cornejo-Carrillo , Alden H. O’Rafferty , Valerie A. Niemann , Sang-Won Lee , Eric J. McShane , Matteo Cargnello , Adam C. Nielander , Thomas F. Jaramillo
{"title":"Temperature-dependent solid electrolyte interphase reactions drive performance in lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction to ammonia","authors":"Peter Benedek , Yamile E. Cornejo-Carrillo , Alden H. O’Rafferty , Valerie A. Niemann , Sang-Won Lee , Eric J. McShane , Matteo Cargnello , Adam C. Nielander , Thomas F. Jaramillo","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.101810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.101810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a vital component to control mass transport and selectivity in the lithium-mediated reduction of N<sub>2</sub> to NH<sub>3</sub> (Li-N<sub>2</sub>R). Finding strategies that generate the optimal SEI, a complex network of organic and inorganic species, can potentially improve Li-N<sub>2</sub>R performance. Here, we unravel structure-property relationships of the SEI by correlating its composition with the NH<sub>3</sub> Faradaic efficiency (FE<sub>NH3</sub>). By modifying the reaction temperature, we alter electrolyte decomposition reactions and observe changes in the SEI that explain FE<sub>NH3</sub> trends between electrolyte solvents. We quantify a complex reaction environment at elevated temperatures where SEI formation is counteracted by etching reactions. This trade-off leads to temporal fluctuations of FE<sub>NH3</sub>, but the maximal FE<sub>NH3</sub> can reach up to 40%, the highest value reported for batch cells at ambient pressure thus far. Our work underscores the potential of novel electrolytes that steer SEI selectivity and, ultimately, improve Li-N<sub>2</sub>R performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 101810"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2025-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.101882
Xiangjiu Guan , Shaohua Shen
{"title":"Simplified photocatalyst sheets unlock scalable water splitting","authors":"Xiangjiu Guan , Shaohua Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.101882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.101882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As reported recently in <em>Chem Catalysis</em>, Domen and coworkers developed a facile filtration method for preparing photocatalyst sheets, achieving a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency of 0.4% while also being capable of operating at atmospheric pressure, which opens a new way of fabricating efficient photocatalyst sheets for commercial-scale solar hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 101882"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2025-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.101811
Weiyin Chen , Jin-Sung Park , Choah Kwon , Christian O. Plaza-Rivera , Chia-Wei Hsu , Jason Khoi Phong , Landon James Kilgallon , Daniel Wang , Tao Dai , So Yeon Kim , Guanzhou Zhu , Yifan Gao , Zhichu Ren , Zhen Zhang , Hyojun Lim , Yang Shao-Horn , Jeremiah A. Johnson , Ju Li
{"title":"Hybrid solvating electrolytes for practical sodium-metal batteries","authors":"Weiyin Chen , Jin-Sung Park , Choah Kwon , Christian O. Plaza-Rivera , Chia-Wei Hsu , Jason Khoi Phong , Landon James Kilgallon , Daniel Wang , Tao Dai , So Yeon Kim , Guanzhou Zhu , Yifan Gao , Zhichu Ren , Zhen Zhang , Hyojun Lim , Yang Shao-Horn , Jeremiah A. Johnson , Ju Li","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.101811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.101811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium-metal batteries could be competitive against Li-metal batteries, but their applications depend on the stability of electrolytes against sodium-metal anodes and cathodes simultaneously. Here, we propose hybrid solvating electrolytes (HSEs), composed of both strongly and weakly solvating solvents of sodium salts, to tune the solubility, solvation structure, and electrochemical decomposition properties. Fifty HSEs are prepared using the pre-screened candidate molecules, validating the mixture selection requirements and correlations between salt/solvent types and their mixture-dependent performance, including oxidative stability, Coulombic efficiency, and cycling overpotential. A model hybrid solvent formed by mixing weakly solvating N,N-dimethyltrifluoromethane sulfonamide (DMTMSA) with strongly solvating tetrahydrofuran (THF) demonstrates strong beyond-rule-of-mixture effects, showing extraordinarily stable cycling performance against Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> and Na<sub>0.44</sub>MnO<sub>2</sub> cathodes and Na-metal anode. Spectroscopic analysis and molecular dynamics simulations reflect the corresponding change in ion-dipole interaction and solvation structures. The strong-weak hybrid solvating principle for electrolyte design enables practical alkali-metal batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 101811"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.101881
Tae H. Cho, Yuxin Chen, Daniel W. Liao, Eric Kazyak, Daniel Penley, Manoj K. Jangid, Neil P. Dasgupta
{"title":"Enabling 6C fast charging of Li-ion batteries at sub-zero temperatures via interface engineering and 3D architectures","authors":"Tae H. Cho, Yuxin Chen, Daniel W. Liao, Eric Kazyak, Daniel Penley, Manoj K. Jangid, Neil P. Dasgupta","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.101881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.101881","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing the trilemma between fast-charging, low-temperature operation, and high-energy-density electrodes is critical to advance Li-ion batteries. Here, we introduce a strategy that integrates 3D electrode architectures with an artificial solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) using atomic layer deposition of a solid electrolyte (Li<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub>-Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>). These synergistic modifications enhance both mass transport and interfacial kinetics under low temperatures and fast charging, increasing the accessible capacity of thick electrodes (>3 mAh/cm<sup>2</sup>). To decouple the contributions from electrolyte transport and interfacial impedance, graphite/Li<sub>x</sub>Ni<sub>y</sub>Mn<sub>z</sub>Co<sub>a</sub>O (NMC) pouch cells were fabricated and their electrochemical performances were tested under low-temperature, fast-charging conditions. At a 6C-rate and a temperature of −10°C, these integrated electrodes enabled a >500% increase in accessible capacity and >97% capacity retention after 100 cycles, without Li plating. The capacity retention under low-temperature, fast-charging conditions was also dependent on the state-of-charge swing, highlighting the importance of the charging protocol to minimize Li plating.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.101879
Jongbeom Kim, Jaewang Park, Jihoo Lim, Jaehui Kim, Junseok Kim, Nahye Shin, Jae Sung Yun, Jino Im, Sang Il Seok
{"title":"Susceptible organic cations enable stable and efficient perovskite solar cells","authors":"Jongbeom Kim, Jaewang Park, Jihoo Lim, Jaehui Kim, Junseok Kim, Nahye Shin, Jae Sung Yun, Jino Im, Sang Il Seok","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.101879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.101879","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving higher open-circuit voltages and fill factors in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) involves minimizing defects between layers and maximizing carrier extraction and transport. One approach includes integrating a two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting interlayer to form a heterojunction with the perovskite absorber. However, conventional 2D layers often have poor thermal stability due to the migration of organic cations. This study examines the enhancement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) and thermal stability of PSCs by using strong intermolecular interactions between methoxy-phenethylammonium iodide and cyclohexylammonium bromide as chosen organic cations. The resulting 2D/perovskite configuration facilitates efficient charge transfer and demonstrates superior thermal stability at 85°C. The optimized PSCs achieved a PCE of 26.28% under air mass (AM) 1.5G illumination, retaining 88% efficiency after 440 h of continuous illumination and maintaining 100% of its initial efficiency after 9,000 h under ambient conditions. This research contributes to developing highly efficient and stable PSCs.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2025-03-14DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.101871
Mrigi Munjal, Thorben Prein, Mahmoud M. Ramadan, Hugh B. Smith, Vineeth Venugopal, Jennifer L.M. Rupp, Iwnetim I. Abate, Elsa A. Olivetti, Kevin J. Huang
{"title":"Process cost analysis of performance challenges and their mitigations in sodium-ion battery cathode materials","authors":"Mrigi Munjal, Thorben Prein, Mahmoud M. Ramadan, Hugh B. Smith, Vineeth Venugopal, Jennifer L.M. Rupp, Iwnetim I. Abate, Elsa A. Olivetti, Kevin J. Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.101871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.101871","url":null,"abstract":"The success of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) hinges on mitigating underperformance in ways that are cost effective, manufacturable, and scalable. This work investigates interfacial, morphological, and bulk interventions to enhance the performance of layered metal oxide cathode active materials (CAMs) for SIBs. We mapped the full space of literature-reported SIB CAM challenges and their mitigations. We then estimated the manufacturing costs for a diverse and representative set of mitigation approaches. Adding sacrificial salts can be cost effective, given low materials costs and minimal process changes. By contrast, many methods are reported to tune CAM morphology. Several are likely challenging at scale due to process throughput and yield limitations. Finally, bulk modifications can mitigate the moisture sensitivity of some CAMs, a likely less costly route than expanding stringent atmosphere controls during manufacturing. We end by discussing the limits and promise of process cost analysis, given the current state of battery reporting in the literature.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing electron transport for efficiency -recorded HTL-free inverted perovskite solar cells by molecular complementary passivation","authors":"Qingbin Cai, Qin Tan, Jiacheng He, Siyuan Tang, Qiang Sun, Dong He, Tianle Cheng, Guoqiang Ma, Jinfeng Huang, Gangsen Su, Chuanxin Chen, Hao Gu, Bingzhe Wang, Jing Fan, Guichuan Xing, Zhubing He","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.101880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.101880","url":null,"abstract":"Inverted perovskite solar cells without pre-depositing a layer of hole-transport materials (HTL-free PSCs) still suffer from the non-irradiative recombination at the perovskite/electron-transport layer (ETL) interface. In this work, we report a molecular complementary passivation (MCP) strategy by employing propylphosphonic acid 3-ammonium bromide (PPAABr) to cooperate with phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr) to mutually passivate surface defects of I and formamidinium (FA) vacancies by multi-coordination. This passivation led to an obvious decrease in interfacial defect-state density and greatly improved exciton and carrier lifetime for the perovskite film. Moreover, MCP surface treatment pushes the perovskite surface Fermi level closer to that of ETL, thereby enhancing interfacial electron extraction. As a result, MCP-based HTL-free PSC achieved a record efficiency of 26.40% (25.92% certified). The encapsulated device retains 94.8% of its initial efficiency after 1,000 h of light soaking. The generality of the MCP strategy also generated a competitive efficiency of 23.66% for 1.68 eV wide-band-gap PSCs.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2025-02-19DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.11.012
Toby Wong , Yijie Yang , Rui Tan , Anqi Wang , Zhou Zhou , Zhizhang Yuan , Jiaxi Li , Dezhi Liu , Alberto Alvarez-Fernandez , Chunchun Ye , Mark Sankey , David Ainsworth , Stefan Guldin , Fabrizia Foglia , Neil B. McKeown , Kim E. Jelfs , Xianfeng Li , Qilei Song
{"title":"Sulfonated poly(ether-ether-ketone) membranes with intrinsic microporosity enable efficient redox flow batteries for energy storage","authors":"Toby Wong , Yijie Yang , Rui Tan , Anqi Wang , Zhou Zhou , Zhizhang Yuan , Jiaxi Li , Dezhi Liu , Alberto Alvarez-Fernandez , Chunchun Ye , Mark Sankey , David Ainsworth , Stefan Guldin , Fabrizia Foglia , Neil B. McKeown , Kim E. Jelfs , Xianfeng Li , Qilei Song","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are promising for long-duration grid-scale sustainable energy storage. The ion-exchange membrane is a key component that determines energy efficiency and cycling stability. However, it remains challenging to develop membranes with high ionic conductivity and high selectivity toward redox-active electrolytes. We report the development of ion-conductive polymer membranes with record-breaking energy efficiency. By incorporating triptycene into poly(ether-ether-ketone) and controlled sulfonation, the resulting intrinsically microporous polymer membranes form highly interconnected water channels that facilitate transport of charge-balancing ions, particularly hydroxide anions. These microporous membranes showed high ionic conductivity without compromising the selectivity toward redox-active species. The membranes enabled excellent performance in alkaline aqueous organic and zinc-iron flow batteries, demonstrating long-term stability, high power density, and an operational current density up to 700 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. The membranes also improved performance in neutral pH aqueous RFBs with high capacity utilization and retention, enhanced energy efficiency, and boosted power density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 101795"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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