Acta Medica Lituanica最新文献

{"title":"From Fibroadenoma to Phyllodes Tumor: Case Analysis of Borderline and Giant Breast Tumors with Literature Review.","authors":"Justė Kazlauskaitė, Iryna Schmeil","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.4","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phyllodes tumors are highly uncommon fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast, accounting for less than 1% of all breast tumors. Differential diagnosis between phyllodes tumors and fibroadenomas by using imaging techniques such as ultrasound or mammography, as well as histological methods, can be challenging due to overlapping features. Phyllodes tumors are categorized into benign, borderline, and malignant types, each posing a different risk of recurrence and metastasis. Despite many advances in the imaging and biopsy techniques, diagnosing phyllodes tumors remains challenging. The purpose of this study is to review the existing literature on this topic and describe two cases of misdiagnosed phyllodes tumors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A literature review was conducted by using the <i>Medline</i> (<i>PubMed</i>) database over 10 years. Information concerning the patients was sourced from the Uster Hospital database. After analyzing the cases of women with breast lumps from 2020 to 2023 in the Uster Hospital database, two cases of misdiagnosed phyllodes tumors were identified. These two cases were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A retrospective study of two cases confirms that phyllodes tumors are a rare phenomenon. A 51-year-old premenopausal woman presented with an 8 × 4 × 5 cm mass, initially diagnosed as a fibroadenoma. The final histopathology after surgical excision revealed a borderline phyllodes tumor with features overlapping those of a fibroadenoma. The second case involved a 59-year-old postmenopausal woman with a rapidly growing mass, which reached 11.9 × 11.3 cm and was initially diagnosed as a fibroadenoma but later confirmed as a borderline malignant phyllodes tumor with focal malignant components. Both cases highlight the limitations of imaging and core biopsy in accurately diagnosing phyllodes tumors and emphasize the need for comprehensive histopathological evaluation. The described clinical cases corresponded to the characteristics of phyllodes tumors indicated in the literature: they appeared in women older than 35 years, were hard to distinguish from fibroadenomas, and required surgical treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Phyllodes tumors are challenging to distinguish from fibroadenomas based on imaging and the initial biopsy results alone. Accurate diagnosis requires thorough histopathological examination following surgical excision. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal management. Our cases show the complexity of phyllodes tumor diagnosis and the importance of considering phyllodes tumors in the differential diagnosis of breast masses, especially when clinical and imaging findings suggest a more aggressive pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"190-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iatrogenic Obturator Hernia with Ureter as Content: Case Report.","authors":"Alamelu Alagappan, Sambit Tripathy, Biswajit Sahoo, Debabrata Sahani, Manoj Kumar Nayak","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.9","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A male in his early 70s presented with complaints of bilateral flank pain for seven months, hematuria for 2 days along with the passage of clots associated with an increased frequency of urination and nocturia. The patient had a history of deep vein thrombosis and was on anticoagulation. On ultrasound, multiple calculi with posterior acoustic shadowing were seen in bilateral kidneys, corroborated by <i>Computed Tomography</i> (CT) urography. Laser lithotripsy with DJ stent placement was conducted. The follow-up CT urography showed an inferiorly displaced DJ stent within the right distal ureter and the DJ stent herniating through the right obturator foramen. The right-sided DJ stent was removed after a month. For obturator hernia, the patient is being kept in the follow-up. This case report reviewed the literature and discussed the diagnosis and complications associated with the obturator hernia with the ureter as the content.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"249-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma with Simultaneous Transformation at Diagnosis and Pleural Effusion as the Initial Presentation: A Case Report.","authors":"Konstantinos Dodos, Vasileia Tsampika Kalamara, Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou, Paraskevi Kavoura","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.21","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma (NMZL) is a rare, indolent subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This case report presents a 67-year-old female diagnosed with NMZL, which had transformed into Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) at the time of diagnosis. The patient's initial presentation involved a dry cough and pleural effusion, a symptom rarely reported in NMZL cases. Diagnostic procedures, including cytology and immunohistochemistry, confirmed the presence of monoclonal B lymphocytes and identified markers consistent with NMZL transformation to DLBCL. The findings highlight the diagnostic challenges associated with NMZL due to the lack of specific immunohistochemical markers, emphasizing the need for histopathological analysis to distinguish NMZL from other lymphomas, such as follicular lymphoma. This case underscores the importance of early detection and differentiation in lymphomas presenting with pleural effusion, as transformation to aggressive forms like DLBCL significantly impacts the prognosis and treatment approaches. Despite the rarity of transformation at diagnosis, clinicians must consider it in NMZL cases with atypical presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"210-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Flectamus genua</i>. Gonarthrosis in the Remains of the Blessed Giuseppe Benedetto Dusmet (Catania, Italy, 19th Century AD).","authors":"Dario Piombino-Mascali, Fausto Grimaldi, Aldo Liberto, Federica Ministeri, Federico Privitera, Cristoforo Pomara","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.24","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigates the bioanthropological and paleopathological features of the late Blessed Giuseppe Benedetto Dusmet, a revered 19^th-century archbishop of Catania. Dusmet's remains were examined during the most recent canonical recognition in 2021, providing an opportunity to study the skeletal characteristics that may reflect his lifestyle and health.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Paleopathological analysis focused on degenerative changes using macroscopic inspection to identify osteoarthritic conditions. Historical records were also consulted to understand the potential connection between his devout religious practices and his physical health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant degenerative and osteoarthritic changes were observed, particularly in the knees. These changes are hypothesized to be linked to Dusmet's frequent practice of kneeling in prayer, a physical activity historically associated with knee osteoarthritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights how bioanthropological and paleopathological analysis can provide insights into the health and lifestyle of historical figures. The observed knee osteoarthritis in the Blessed Giuseppe Benedetto Dusmet's remains suggests a possible link between his behavior and the development of joint degeneration. This research adds to our understanding of the physical impact of religious practices and contributes to the study of health in historical figures.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"236-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artery of Percheron Stroke: A Case Report.","authors":"Milda Navickaitė, Aleksandras Vilionskis, Austėja Dapkutė, Kristina Ryliškienė","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.14","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The <i>Artery of Percheron</i> (AOP) is a vascular variant supplying both sides of the thalamus, present in up to one-quarter of the general population. AOP occlusion is a rare cause of ischemic stroke, resulting in bilateral thalamic infarction. It typically manifests as altered consciousness, gaze abnormalities, and cognitive impairment. Neuroimaging of AOP stroke is challenging, as head CT is often unremarkable. However, a diagnostic 'V' sign can be identified on MRI. AOP stroke is treated as other types of ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We present a case of a 61-year-old male with a history of alcohol abuse, diagnosed with ischemic AOP stroke. He presented with sudden loss of consciousness, third nerve palsy, and vertical gaze palsy. MRI revealed bilateral paramedian thalamic infarction with midbrain involvement. Despite conservative treatment, his condition showed minimal improvement, leaving him lethargic and dysarthric. He was discharged to palliative care after two weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AOP infarction, though rare, should be considered in patients with altered consciousness. Early MRI is essential for accurate diagnosis and timely treatment, highlighting the importance of physician awareness of this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"145-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Risks of Amanita Muscaria: Case Reports on Increasing Consumption and Health Risks.","authors":"Emilija Savickaitė, Gabija Laubner-Sakalauskienė","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.23","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The increasing popularity of <i>Amanita muscaria</i>, driven by its hallucinogenic properties, has raised significant public health concerns, particularly as it remains largely unregulated across most European Union countries. The mushroom contains muscimol, a compound that induces euphoria, altered perception, and hallucinations, and its precursor, ibotenic acid, converts to muscimol when dried or heated, reducing toxicity while preserving psychoactive effects. The growing trend in intentional consumption of <i>A. muscaria</i> reflects evolving patterns of intoxication despite its known toxicity risks. The <i>European Food Safety Authority</i> has flagged <i>A. muscaria</i> as an emerging risk, highlighting concerns over its increasing availability and potential for misuse.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four cases of <i>Amanita muscaria</i> consumption and subsequent intoxication have been documented in Lithuania in 2023. To further investigate this topic, a systematic search was conducted using the <i>PubMed</i> database with the following keyword combinations: '<i>Amanita muscaria'</i>, '<i>Amanita muscaria</i> toxicity', 'muscimol', 'ibotenic acid', 'psilocybin', and 'hallucinogenic fungi'. After screening for relevance and eligibility, a total of 27 publications met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated into the final analysis.</p><p><strong>Case reports: </strong>In 2023, four cases of intentional <i>A. muscaria</i> poisoning were reported in Lithuania, linked to recreational consumption. Symptoms included tremors, respiratory failure, dizziness, and paranoia. All patients were male and required hospitalization, but all were discharged in stable condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The unregulated status and increasing accessibility of <i>A. muscaria</i> pose significant public health concerns. While <i>A. muscaria</i> remains largely unstudied in medical contexts, its toxicity risks are well-documented. Misleading online information contributes to uninformed consumption, especially among younger individuals. Further research is needed to elucidate its chemical composition, therapeutic potential, and health effects to inform regulatory policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"182-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney Agenesis and Müllerian Duct Anomalies: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review.","authors":"Kamilė Donielaitė-Anisė, Rytis Marozas, Žana Bumbulienė, Augustina Jankauskienė","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.7","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between urinary tract anomalies and <i>Müllerian duct anomalies</i> (MDA) is well-known, due to their shared embryonic origin. Disruptions in early development can significantly affect both the kidney and reproductive systems. This article presents two cases illustrating the coexistence of kidney agenesis and MDA in girls, followed by a literature review.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted on <i>PubMed</i>, focusing on publications from 2000 to 2024 by using keywords: 'kidney agenesis', 'renal agenesis', 'Müllerian duct anomalies', 'OHVIRA' (obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly), and 'Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome'. The PRISMA guidelines were followed for the study selection. Additionally, two cases managed at Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos between 2022 and 2024 are presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The literature search yielded 32 articles encompassing data on 43 girls with an average age of 11.8 years. In 54% of the cases, the diagnosis of kidney agenesis was concurrent with identifying MDA. In other cases, kidney anomalies were detected earlier, including 6 cases identified prenatally. Type III MDA, as classified by the <i>American Fertility Society</i>, was the most common variety. Premenarche diagnosis of MDA was made in 11.9% of the cases. In more than half of the cases, MDA was identified due to complaints necessitating consultations, mostly leading to urgent surgical interventions. At our hospital, a 9-year-old and a 14-year-old were diagnosed with Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome. Kidney agenesis was diagnosed prior to MDA in both cases. For the 9-year-old girl, MDA was found incidentally on ultrasound, while the other required consultation and an urgent surgery due to symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Unilateral kidney agenesis frequently co-occurs with Müllerian duct anomalies, highlighting the need for comprehensive evaluations in affected patients. An early diagnosis and management of MDA are crucial to prevent complications. An increased clinical awareness and further research are necessary to enhance early detection and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"229-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aprepitant versus Olanzapine in Patients of Breast Cancer on Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide Regimen - Role in Effectiveness of Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting.","authors":"Indrani Devi Sarma, Sukainnya Buragohain, Joonmoni Lahon, Indrani Bhagawati, Neelakshi Mahanta, Dibyajyoti Saikia","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.22","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a significant concern for patients undergoing highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). This study compares the efficacy of aprepitant and olanzapine in preventing CINV in breast cancer patients receiving Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide (AC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, comparative, observational study was conducted over one year at the State Cancer Institute, Guwahati, India. 103 chemotherapy-naïve breast cancer patients were enrolled and divided into two groups: aprepitant and olanzapine, both receiving standard therapy with ondansetron and dexamethasone. CINV outcomes were assessed using the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Antiemesis Tool over five days post-chemotherapy. Acute (0-24 hours) and delayed (24-120 hours) nausea and vomiting were evaluated. Side effects were documented and compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Olanzapine demonstrated significantly better control of acute nausea compared to aprepitant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). It also showed a trend towards superior efficacy in delayed nausea, though statistical significance was not reached. There was no significant difference between aprepitant and olanzapine in preventing acute or delayed vomiting. The olanzapine group experienced more frequent side effects, but the difference was statistically insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Olanzapine exhibited greater efficacy in preventing nausea, particularly in the acute phase, compared to aprepitant. However, its higher side effect profile suggests that careful patient selection is necessary. Both agents remain effective options for CINV management, with olanzapine offering an advantage in nausea prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"118-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Challenges in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: From Ovarian Mass to Systemic Diagnosis.","authors":"Neringa Jansevičiūtė, Linas Andreika","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.19","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Lymphangioleiomyomatosis</i> (LAM) is a rare neoplastic disorder characterized by the proliferation of atypical smooth muscle-like or epithelioid cells within the lungs and axial lymphatic system. This pathological process leads to the formation of pulmonary cysts and impaired respiratory function. Although the disease primarily involves the lungs, extrapulmonary manifestations can occur in the abdominal cavity, lymphatic system, and retroperitoneum.</p><p><strong>Clinical case: </strong>A 48-year-old woman presented with abdominal numbness, leading to the discovery of a right ovarian mass. CT and MRI identified non-malignant solid mass in the ovary, as well as thin-walled cysts in the lungs, retroperitoneal pelvis, and upper abdomen, suggesting LAM. The patient was referred for pulmonology evaluation. Genetic testing and lung biopsy were inconclusive. One year later, during laparoscopic hysterectomy for early-stage uterine cancer, a biopsy of a left iliac lesion confirmed LAM. Postoperatively, the patient developed lymphocytic and chylous ascites, requiring further surgical intervention. However, the ascites recurred, and it was managed with diuretic therapy. Following the confirmed diagnosis, <i>Sirolimus</i> therapy was initiated. To date, the patient has not exhibited any significant respiratory symptoms, and follow-up lung imaging has shown no evidence of disease progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Due to its rarity, diverse symptoms, and involvement of multiple organs, diagnosis of LAM is challenging. It requires careful clinical observation and a multidisciplinary approach. Early and accurate diagnosis, combined with timely therapeutic interventions, has the potential to significantly improve the patient outcomes in LAM.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"212-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden Unexpected Death and Alcohol Addiction: Case Report on Disulfiram Use.","authors":"Gabija Kondratavičiūtė, Dalius Banionis, Sigitas Laima, Sigitas Chmieliauskas, Diana Vasiljevaitė, Paulius Petreikis, Robertas Badaras","doi":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.5","DOIUrl":"10.15388/Amed.2025.32.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><b>:</b> Disulfiram is a type of medication widely prescribed in order to cease alcohol consumption. When used with alcohol, the 'disulfiram-alcohol reaction' occurs, causing nausea and vomiting. Disulfiram blocks alcohol dissolving enzymes thus increasing acetaldehyde concentration and inducing the above-mentioned symptoms. These undesirable symptoms are similar to the side effects that occur to oncological patients after the administration of chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong><b>:</b> Descriptive research method was used. The literature focusing on alcohol, medications and drug consumption was reviewed.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong><b>:</b> The primary abstinence at the beginning of treatment with <i>Disulfiram</i> does not guarantee that alcohol usage will not get manifested again at the further stages of treatment. Alcohol addiction forces patients to search for a way to avoid the unwanted reactions. Sometimes, patients tend to be quite ingenious while trying to suppress the arising side effects. In many cases, it involves the usage of additional medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><b>:</b> When alcohol addiction overpowers, the patient tries to reduce the undesirable symptoms and may even die if alcohol is combined with disulfiram. Death may occur due to the cardio and neurotoxic effects of acetaldehyde.</p>","PeriodicalId":34365,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Lituanica","volume":"32 1","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}