Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies最新文献

{"title":"The importance of Jerusalem in the balance of the conflict between the balances in the Middle East during the Al-Aratqa era","authors":"Metin Şerifoğlu","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.809664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.809664","url":null,"abstract":"Kudus sehri, dunyanin baska hicbir sehrinde bir arada bulamayacaginiz bir dizi ozellik ile Orta Dogu bolgesindeki dini, politik ve stratejik onemi ile ayirt edilir. Bir yandan, tum Yahudi, Hiristiyan ve Islam dinlerinin gozunde kutsal bir sehir, Ote yandan, tum bolgesel ve uluslararasi gucleri Ortadogu ve dunyadaki dengelerdeki stratejik, dini, tarihi ve onemi icin cezbeden bir sehirdir. Dolayisiyla bu sehir dinlerin cesitliligi ve caglar boyunca bir arada yasamalari icin bir alan iken, Ayni zamanda, farkli bolgesel ve uluslararasi gucler arasinda uzun bir mucadelenin merkezinde olmustur. Bu guclerin her biri Ortadogu'nun stratejik ve kulturel derinligini kontrol etmek icin Kudus'e hukmetmeye calisiyordu. Halife Omer ibn el Hattab doneminde Muslumanlar tarafindan fethedildiginden beri Kudus yeni bir tarihi kavsaga girmistir. Bir yandan, cesitli Hacli Seferleri sirasinda Muslumanlar ve Hiristiyanlar arasinda uzun bir mucadele sahnesi haline geldi. Ote yandan, Selcuklular ile Fatimiler arasinda oldugu gibi, bolgede mevcut olan Islami gucler arasindaki mucadelenin konusu olmustur. Kudus ile ilgili catismalar, ozellikle Selcuklular ve Artuklular doneminde cok yogun olmustur. Bu donemin hem bolge hem de Kudus tarihinde yeni bir donusu temsil ettigi ve daha sonraki asamada Kudus'un icinde ve disinda en buyuk etkiye sahip olacak yeni dengeler ortaya cikti. Bu nedenle, bu arastirmada, ozellikle Selcuklular doneminde Kudus valisi olan Artuk bey doneminde, Kudus tarihinde onemli bir rol oynayan Artuklularin hukumdarligi sirasinda Kudus'un oneminin analitik bir okumasini saglamaya calisacagiz. Nitekim, Artuk bey Kudus sehri icindeki gizlenen tum guclerden korumada ve Orta Dogu bolgesindeki catismanin dogasinda da onemli bir rol oynamistir. Bu konuyu uc ana alanda ele alacagiz: 1- Orta Dogu Bolgesinde Artuklularin Ortaya Cikisi ve Denge Haritasina Etkileri. 2- Artuklularin Kudus ile Iliskisi ve Gelismeleri. 3- Kudus ve Hacli Seferleri'nde Artuklularin Rolu.","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45690329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absent personalities present in the liberation of Jerusalem","authors":"Anass Bousselam","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.810271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.810271","url":null,"abstract":"Makalede, Kudus'un kurtulusuna dolayli olarak katkida bulunan en onemli tarihi sahsiyetleri ele aliyoruz, bunlardan ilki ilk tepkiyi ve Hacli dusmani ile ayriligi temsil eden Mevdud bin Altontekin, ikincisi ise ic Islami Cephe'nin birlesmesini baslatan Imad el-Din Zangi (MS 1127-1146). Edessa Emirligi MS 1144 yilinda ele gecirildi ve boylece Muslumanlar guven unsurunu yeniden kazandilar ve ucuncusu Levant'in birlesmesini ve Misir ve Arap Oteki'nin bir halifeligin altinda birlestirilmesini tamamlayan adil kral Nur al-Din Mahmud bin Imad el-Din Zangi'dir (MS 1146 - 1174), sahsi bir halifelige, Abbasi Halifeligi adini verdigimiz makaleyi \" Salah al-Din el-Eyyubi'nin babasi Necm al-Din Eyyub ve Şam'daki Mu'in al-Din Anar Atabek, Salah al-Din el-Eyyubi'nin amcasi Esed al-Din Shirkuh ve Nur al-Din Zangi'nin en buyuk lideri.","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48747444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mardin and its Role in Combating the Crusaders","authors":"Hüseyin Ali","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.808094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.808094","url":null,"abstract":"The city of Mardin and its Artuqids leaders contributed immensely to the fight of the crusaders especially in Helep, Antakya and Bayt al-Maqdis during the reign of Sakman Ibn Artuq and his brother Najm al-Din El-Ghazi and Husam al-Din Timortash, followed by his son Najm al-Din Albi. A new stage of fighting the armies of the crusaders developed in the reign of Husam al-Din Timortash as Mardin advanced from self-defence to the stage of attack, particularly when Husam al-Din lead an army aiming at liberating Bayt al-Maqdis and al-Aqsa Mosque, regrettably the mission failed and many of the people of Mardin were martyred during this attempt. Mardin and its rulers assisted the Zengids in their numerous campaigns against the crusaders, which led to the fall of Al-Ruha (Urfa) and its return to Muslim hands. Indeed the Artuqids have played a vital role in the battlefield alongside the troops of Salah al-Din at the horns of Hattin in 583AH/1187CE and this leads to the defeat of the crusaders and expelling most of their forces to the costal towns and the liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis.","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43807364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Settlement of the Crusaders in Bayt Al-Maqdis and the Displacement of the Jerusalemites","authors":"Mustafa Kadad","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.809571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.809571","url":null,"abstract":"Kudus sehri Artukogullari hukmu altinda 20 yil yasadi .Sakinleri bolluk icinde yasiyor, Hurriyet ve refahin tadini cikartiyordu. Ta ki Fatimiler orayi istila edip refahini kaybettirene kadar. Cok zaman gecmeden Hacli ordusunun hedefledigi ilk sefer ile sehri ve sakinlerini harap ettiler. Haclilar Mukaddes sehri ve cevresini asil sakinlerinden ve sakinlerinin kontrol ettikleri koy ve kasabalardan bilincli olarak cikarttilar. Bunun icinde bircok yol denediler Belki de bu yollarin en goze carpani isgal ettikleri tum kasaba ve koylerde yaptiklari toplu katliam ve soykirimlardir. Oranin sakinlerini oldurerek bosaltip \" kardeslerinizin basina gelenler sizin de basiniza gelir\" diye cevre kasabalarini korkutarak bosalttilar. Bu yerlesim siyasetlerinin ilk adimiydi. Bunu Avrupali haclilari yerlestirmeleri ve hacli yerlesim yerlerinin kurulmasi amaci ile ikinci adimin gelmesi icin yaptilar Haclilar Mukaddes sehir yaninda bir savunma hatti olusturduklari bu yerlesim yerlerinde yasamak icin dini kutsalliklari da korumak uzere aldatici argumanlarla Avrupa'dan yerlesimcileri cekmek icin calistilar. Belki de yerlesim planini tamamlamak icin Avrupa'dan goc edenlerle yetinmemislerdir ,daha ziyade onlari kendi tarafina meyl ettiren yerli dindaslarindan yardim istediler .Hacli yerlesim hareketi ile es zamanli olarak Mukaddes sehir sakinleri Hacli isgallerini baslattigi zorla yerinden edilme yolculugu ile karsi karsiyaydi. Ta ki oranin sakinleri kendileri ile beraber kendilerini sevgi ve hosgoru ile karsilayan kardeslerine katma deger olmalari, bilim sanat ve tecrubelerini nakletmek icin tum muntesipleri ile beraber( Musluman Hristiyan ve Yahudi )komsu Islam ulkelerine orada hukum suren yonetime aldiris etmeden siginsinlar. Hacli seferlerini kendilerini korumak icin geldiklerini iddia ettikleri Kudus'te yasayan Hiristiyanlarin cogunun yerlerinden goc ettirilen kisiler arasinda olduklarini belirtmek gerekir .yaptigi bu saldirilarda yerle bir ettikleri dini Mukaddesatlari ve dindaslarini koruma iddialarini da yalanlamis olduk. Selahaddin Eyyubi ve kendisinden sonraki Kudus'te hukum surenlerin eliyle acik bir fetih ile o topraklari sahiplerine geri dondurmek icin gayretli Muslumanlarin cabasini taclandirdi.","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46345923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The scholarly life in bayt al-maqdis During the era of the artuqids and the ayyubids Comparison and evaluation","authors":"M.kamel Karabelli","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.807924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.807924","url":null,"abstract":"There is no doubt that the civilizational contributions in the Artuqid and Ayyubid eras were prominent and evident, especially in the field of scientific life that represents the most important aspect of human civilization, even though the military aspect and the conflict between the various princes and Artoid rulers were dominated by them on the one hand, and sometimes between them and the Ayyubids, this did not prevent them from being interested in the scientific life on the other hand, especially in Bayt al-Maqdis, which was a subject of respect and appreciation for all Muslims with their various orientations and political affiliations. This interest was represented by the construction of schools and houses of knowledge supervised and run by a group of scholars where endowments were allocated especially to provide financial support, whether for construction and restoration of these schools or in the form of stipends for students and teachers. To conclude a comparison is made between those two eras, to find out what distinguished each of them in the field of scientific life, and to evaluate those achievements.","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48477952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOPOLITICS AND OCCUPATION OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA","authors":"A. Madihah","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.710263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.710263","url":null,"abstract":"The Mediterranean Sea is often forgotten in the context of the current occupation in Bayt al-Maqdis, which includes a small part of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Indeed, apart from occupation of the land, Bayt al-Maqdis also faces occupation of its sea. According to El-Awaisi’s Barakah Circle Theory, world peace will only be established if peace is present in Bayt al-Maqdis. Accordingly, a comprehensive view of peace establishment efforts in Bayt al-Maqdis will be pursued. To achieve this liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis from the occupation of its land, sea, natural resources, energy, and culture requires knowledge of the Mediterranean Sea. The liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis should include the liberation of the Mediterranean, since the real point of sea power is not so much what happens at sea, but how those actions influence events on land. Thus, Muslim countries, and especially Turkey as the strongest state on the Mediterranean Sea’s coast, should be aware of the potential and threat that accompanies the establishment of peace in Bayt al-Maqdis. This article uses a qualitative approach to investigate the case study of geopolitics and occupation in the Mediterranean Sea based on the Bayt al-Maqdis Barakah Circle Theory. This study has shown that, at present, entwined military, political, and economic interests from coastal countries and international superpowers of the Mediterranean Sea should be the focus for Muslim countries in liberating Bayt al-Maqdis. This is because without liberating this specific part of Bayt al-Maqdis, the current occupation will be difficult to end.","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43026586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EARLY FOREIGN PENETRATION IN THE HOLY LAND DURING THE LATE OTTOMAN PERIOD: THE ROLE OF BRITAIN","authors":"Khalid El-Awaisi, E. Yiğit","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.385423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.385423","url":null,"abstract":"Uzun donemler boyunca Islam hâkimiyetinde kalan Beytulmakdis’i tarih boyunca kontrol etme hususunda batili dis ilgi, hacli seferleri ve 20. Yuzyilin baslangicinda Ingiliz isgali gibi ornekler ile bircok kez basarili olmustur. Bununla birlikte, Osmanli son donemi icin yeni sayilan Beytulmakdis’i isgal etmeye yonelik bati ilgisi, Napolyon’un Misir’i isgal etmesi uzerine Beytulmakdis’e harekâti ve bu sure zarfinda Yahudi’lerden yardim talebini onlarin Filistin’e restorasyonu (donusu) icin daveti ile desteklemek istedigi basarisiz isgal girisimi ile basladi. Onun bu cagrisi, Britanya’nin Mesih’in gelisine hazirlik icin Filistin’e “Yahudi Restorasyonu” gibi uzun vadeli iki sebebi harmanlanmasiyla sonuclandi. Boylece Evanjelik Hiristiyan gruplar, Osmanli’nin Misir valisi Mehmet Ali Pasa'nin Misir ve Suriye’yi isgali ettigi surecte Kudus'te bir Ingiliz konsoloslugunun acilmasina yol acan resmi bir siyasi temsil fikrini destekleyen ilk kisilerdi. Bunu Batili diger guclerin, etkilerini pekistirme ve bolgeye nufuz etme amaci izledi. Ingilizlerin bolgedeki etkileri ve nufuzlarini pekistirmek icin baslangic olarak Kudus’te bir konsolosluk kurabilmelerini, 1917’de Kutsal Topraklari isgaline ve bolgede bati ilgisine hizmet edecek Siyonist tampon devlet kurmasindaki degerlendirmeye kadar bircok adim takip etti","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44388249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ottoman Monuments of Bayt al-Maqdis after the end of the First World War: a study of special archival photographs from 1919 to 1920","authors":"A. Mahfouz","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.645926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.645926","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69808823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing Zionists from settling in Palestine in the second half of the nineteenth century","authors":"M. Yasin","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.632958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.632958","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69808691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Issue of Mürûr Tezkiresi (trip permit) for Russian Pilgrims coming to Jerusalem","authors":"Asuman Gölpınar","doi":"10.31456/beytulmakdis.578455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.578455","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Jerusalem Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69809139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}