Quaternary Science Advances最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative and qualitative study of the Tawi basin: Inferences from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using geospatial technology","authors":"Ajay Kumar Taloor ,&nbsp;Savati Sharma ,&nbsp;Jagjeet Jamwal ,&nbsp;Sourav Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the basin is fundamental to understand the structural and hydrological control of the basin. In the present study morphometric and morph tectonic parameters of the Tawi basin has been analyzed to infer the geological variation, topographic information, structural and complex tectonic behavior at a watershed scale. The assessment of several of drainage network and their relative parameters has been quantified by using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) based analysis in the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Based on the quantitative analysis in terms of linear, aerial and relief it is well understood that the basin is inhomogeneous in nature, less structurally stable, very gentle to steep slopes, compounded by aggradational and denudational processes in large scale, exhibited by incompetent rocks and a portion of the basin is prone to flood particularly in the lower reaches. The quantified results show that in the various watersheds of the Tawi basin bifurcation ratio (Rb) varies from 0.001 to 6.80 and the mean bifurcation ratio (Rbm) varies from 2.58 to 4.11. The mean stream length (Lsm) in the various watersheds of Tawi basin varies from 0.019 to 60.26 km. The drainage density (Dd) of Tawi basin varies from 0 to 9.63 km/km², and the value of the drainage texture (Td) varies from 3.76 to 13.38 km^-1. The qualitative analysis based on the asymmetric factor (AF) of the Tawi basin shows that the watersheds W5 and W6 are moderately asymmetric, and W2 and W4 as strongly asymmetric in nature, whereas the hypsometric integral (HI) values reveal that watershed W1 is the most stable watershed with a highest HI value of 0.89, while the W7 is the least stable with a HI value of 0.28, providing a comprehensive understanding of the geomorphic dynamics in the Tawi basin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033424000200/pdfft?md5=5242fca3f0a7fd4d2fa1e5c8b7c84b9f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033424000200-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taphonomy of the fauna and chert assemblages from the Middle Palaeolithic site of Vajo Salsone, Eastern Italian Alps","authors":"Ursula Thun Hohenstein ,&nbsp;Lavinia Caffarelli ,&nbsp;Gianluca Arnetta ,&nbsp;Florent Rivals ,&nbsp;Paolo Pozzobon ,&nbsp;Stefano Gialanella ,&nbsp;Davide Delpiano ,&nbsp;Marco Peresani","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Vajo Salsone site is located at an altitude of 376m a.s.l. on the right slope of the Valpantena valley, in the Veneto Pre-Alps, north of the town of Verona. The site was discovered in 2017 during the construction of a truckable road. It is a small and narrow karst cavity filled with Pleistocene sediments that yield abundant Middle Palaeolithic artefacts and faunal remains, often coated by carbonate encrustations. The lithic assemblage shows the predominance of the Levallois method and is characterised by a large number of retouched elements, including foliated points. These artefacts, typical of the Late Middle Palaeolithic period in central and south-eastern Europe, make Vajo Salsone an exceptional case, as their recovery is rather sporadic west of the Balkan Peninsula and south of the Alps. The fauna is dominated by ungulates, the most abundant being the red deer followed by roe deer, chamois and elk. Among the carnivores, wolf is common, while fox and bear are rare. This fauna suggests an environment characterised by open glades and closed forests, with a discontinuous presence of alpine grasslands and wetlands. Taphonomic analysis of the bone surfaces is complicated by the presence of concretions on most of the remains, which also show a high degree of fragmentation. Post-depositional fractures are common, and weathering is light. Only cervid bones show anthropogenic modifications related to hunting and hominin exploitation such as cut marks, scraping, impacts and burnt modifications. Some long bone diaphysis bear marks testifying to the use of these fragments as retouchers for flint artefacts. Such use has been evidenced at other Middle Palaeolithic sites in the area. Furthermore, the good state of preservation of the occlusal surface enamel of the cervid teeth allowed us to carry out meso and microwear analyses which provided data on seasonality and site occupation. With regard to dental wear analysis, the red deer from Vajo Salsone had mesowear suggesting a mixed feeding and grazing diets, whereas microwear analysis showed that the individuals had a diet between mixed feeding and browsing. The taphonomic study of the site has been integrated by X–RFS analysis of the alterations occurred to the lithic artefacts, which include deep patination and the formation of calcareous crusts. All the data presented here are consistent with the hypothesis of a short-distance displacement of the material from a single archaeological deposit possibly related to human occupation during the warm season.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033424000212/pdfft?md5=ca4466152168688c4a0abea6230460b9&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033424000212-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal variations of climate along possible African-Arabian routes of H. sapiens expansion","authors":"Markus L. Fischer ,&nbsp;Philipp M. Munz ,&nbsp;Asfawossen Asrat ,&nbsp;Verena Foerster ,&nbsp;Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr ,&nbsp;Norbert Marwan ,&nbsp;Frank Schaebitz ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Schwanghart ,&nbsp;Martin H. Trauth","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Eastern Africa and Arabia were major hominin hotspots and critical crossroads for migrating towards Asia during the late Pleistocene. To decipher the role of spatiotemporal environmental change on human occupation and migration patterns, we remeasured the marine core from Meteor Site KL 15 in the Gulf of Aden and reanalyzed its data together with the aridity index from ICDP Site Chew Bahir in eastern Africa and the wet-dry index from ODP Site 967 in the eastern Mediterranean Sea using linear and nonlinear time series analysis. These analyses show major changes in the spatiotemporal paleoclimate dynamics at 400 and 150 ka BP (thousand years before 1950), presumably driven by changes in the amplitude of the orbital eccentricity. From 400 to 150 ka BP, eastern Africa and Arabia show synchronized wet-dry shifts, which changed drastically at 150 ka BP. After 150 ka BP, an overall trend to dry climate states is observable, and the hydroclimate dynamics between eastern Africa and Arabia are negatively correlated. Those spatio-temporal variations and interrelationships of climate potentially influenced the availability of spatial links for human expansion along those vertices. We observe positively correlated network links during the supposed out-of-Africa migration phases of <em>H. sapiens.</em> Furthermore, our data do not suggest hominin occupation phases during specific time intervals of humid or stable climates but provide evidence of the so far underestimated potential role of climate predictability as an important factor of hominin ecological competitiveness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033424000121/pdfft?md5=bb6406028c03efa611fe21bbc8462f04&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033424000121-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140138687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated geospatial, rainfall threshold and physical based modelling for landslides in parts of upper bhagirathi basin, Uttarakhand","authors":"P. Danuta Mohan ,&nbsp;Shovan Lal Chattoraj ,&nbsp;Yateesh Ketholia","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033424000108/pdfft?md5=9de79df3dbf495eefe1b15596e46aae3&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033424000108-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140138689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Did climate change make Homo sapiens innovative, and if yes, how? Debated perspectives on the African Pleistocene record","authors":"Jayne Wilkins ,&nbsp;Benjamin J. Schoville","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Our enhanced capacity to innovate is a key feature that sets <em>Homo sapiens</em> apart as a species. The Middle Stone Age archaeological record of Pleistocene Africa documents the emergence and elaboration of this capacity, and its relationship to changes in past climate and environments. However, the models and interpretations developed to understand the relationship between early <em>Homo sapiens’</em> innovativeness and climate change are varied and often contradictory. Here, we review these contrasting interpretations. We contend that while climate change may have influenced early human innovation, it was in an inconsistent and multifaceted way.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033424000170/pdfft?md5=198ca33d6e2054f5c5a4f99467f8d8b5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033424000170-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-disposed tectonic subsidence controls flood hazards and unplanned urbanisation dominates the flood disasters in the Pliocene to Holocene Kashmir basin, NW Himalayas","authors":"Afroz Ahmad Shah ,&nbsp;Muhammad Gazali Rachman ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Anushka Vashistha ,&nbsp;Ajay Dashora ,&nbsp;Muhsana Mahoor","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Pliocene to Holocene Kashmir basin of NW Himalaya, India, is prone to various geological and climatic hazards routinely connected to the climatic and structural setting of the Himalayan intermontane basins. The topographic expression of the basin is a direct consequence of the active plate tectonic convergence between the lithosphere plates of India and Eurasia. However, the role of the tectonic framework and its contribution to flood hazards has remained an unresolved research question. Our previous work has contributed towards this problem, and here, we extend our previous work by producing robust evidence in support of the role of active faults and tectonic topography in shaping the flood hazards in the Kashmir basin and its implication for the other similar basins in the world. The Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager-Thermal Infrared Sensor (OLI-TIRS) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images were used to extract pre-2014 floodwater bodies and 2014 flooded areas in the Jhelum River valley of the Kashmir region, respectively. Water pixels were extracted using the modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) methods, and similarly, the flood depth and duration (in days) were computed. The flood depth was correlated with the Jhelum River valley's topography, morphology, and geology. The slope and topography were also associated with the 2014 flood disaster to map the influence of the pre-disposed structural setting of the basin on flood vulnerability. The results suggest that flood disasters were mainly related to the unplanned built area, which remains the dominant factor in how flood hazards have turned into disasters. The results reveal the tectonically derived structural configuration of the basin mainly contributed towards the flood hazards, which is the primary predisposed structural framework to dictate flood hazards since the formation of the basin ∼4.0 million years ago. Therefore, the primary outcome of our work is the strong evidence that flood hazards are related to the structural setting of the basin, which includes topography and geology, while the transition of flood hazards into disasters is mainly because of unplanned urbanization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266603342400011X/pdfft?md5=0dfb82da50f6403b05bf82d97780b1b8&pid=1-s2.0-S266603342400011X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140138688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The contribution of coastal land subsidence to potential sea-level rise impact in data-sparse settings: The case of Ghana’s Volta delta","authors":"Selasi Yao Avornyo ,&nbsp;Philip S.J. Minderhoud ,&nbsp;Pietro Teatini ,&nbsp;Katharina Seeger ,&nbsp;Leon T. Hauser ,&nbsp;Marie-Noëlle Woillez ,&nbsp;Philip-Neri Jayson-Quashigah ,&nbsp;Edem Mahu ,&nbsp;Michael Kwame-Biney ,&nbsp;Kwasi Appeaning Addo","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deltas are highly valuable environmental systems, ensuring various livelihoods through their ecosystem services. However, human impact and climate change stressors are impacting deltas immensely. Consequently, many deltas, including Ghana's Volta Delta, are facing increasing risks, especially as hazards are increasing in magnitude and impacting coastal livelihoods. To provide a better understanding of coastal hazards in the Volta Delta, this study assessed the Delta's subsidence regime and its consequences for the potential impact of sea-level rise (SLR). Using the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) surveys, vertical land motion (VLM) was documented. Interferograms of Sentinel-1 data from 2016 to 2020 indicated subsiding rates of up to −9.2 mm/yr. By combining local VLM information with recent SLR projections and elevation data, this study updates those projections and provides local assessments of potential Relative SLR (rSLR) impact. According to these locally improved scenarios, up to ∼45 % of the Delta will fall below local sea level by 2100, of which close to 10 % is explained by the integration of local VLM data alone. Depending on the climate change scenarios used, land subsidence will increase the deltaic area at risk by 4.31 % (96.27 km²) to 10.18 % (227.64 km²) and consequently exacerbate its exposure to coastal inundation. To avert the projections, the study recommends robust monitoring regimes; alternative freshwater sources to groundwater; reduced sediment trapping and river obstruction; and the need to stall ongoing oil and gas prospecting and subsequent extraction in the Voltain Basin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033424000133/pdfft?md5=c0185c093e75c693e60b5421c361bb88&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033424000133-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140160545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural analysis and neotectonic evidences of the dip-slip transverse fault system in the central Mainland Kachchh region, Western India","authors":"Gaurav Chauhan ,&nbsp;Chirag Jani ,&nbsp;Girish Ch Kothyari ,&nbsp;Siddharth Prizomwala ,&nbsp;Chintan Vedpathak ,&nbsp;Abhishek Lakhote ,&nbsp;Raj Sunil Kandregula ,&nbsp;Jaymeet Solanki ,&nbsp;Chirag Parmar ,&nbsp;Subhash Bhandari ,&nbsp;M.G. Thakkar","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spatio-temporal changes in the fluvial system and landform of the central Kachchh Mainland region are caused by distinctive ongoing tectonic deformations. The present study aims to decipher ongoing tectonic processes resulting modification of landscape in the Central Mainland Kachchh region during the Late Quaternary period. The region marks the presence of several neotectonic features along the faults indicating rejuvenation of the landform due to tectonic activity. The paleostress analysis of the faults indicates normal faulting due to WNW-ESE, E-W to WSW-ENE directed radial to pure extension. The OSL dates from the strath terrace section confirm accommodation of Quaternary sediments from ∼42ka till ∼32ka. The presence of abandoned channels and obstructed tributary channels across the fault plane deciphers reactivation of extensional fault planes at ∼42ka, constituting accommodation space for sedimentation on the downthrown block forming several sag-fill deposits. The sedimentation ceased after ∼32ka due to regional Kachchh Mainland Uplift (KMU) upliftment triggering vertical incision of channels forming several strath and fluvial terraces. The paleostress analysis and dynamic modification of landform depict reactivation of the hinge faults on the structural Mesozoic bend of the basement high known as the ‘Median High’.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033424000066/pdfft?md5=3df70e6026023385dcdaa6eb33d7fbca&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033424000066-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139748409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luminescence dating of sand matrices within gravelly fluvial deposits: Assessing the plausibility of beta dose rate calculation","authors":"Yuji Ishii,&nbsp;Kazumi Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2023.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2023.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dating of gravelly fluvial deposits is typically hampered by the absence of suitable plant fragments for radiocarbon dating or sand layers for luminescence dating. Although gravelly fluvial deposits generally contain sand-sized quartz and feldspar that could be used for luminescence dating, the considerable grain-to-grain variability in beta dose rate, coupled with the lack of methods for routine dose rate estimation, presents challenges. In this study, a recently proposed model for calculating average beta dose rates in granular matrices was modified to be applicable to sand-sized dosimeter grains within gravelly deposits. We applied the modified model to sand-sized K-rich feldspars within sand matrices obtained from gravelly fluvial deposits in the Tokachi Plain, northern Japan, and compared the ages of samples obtained from sand matrices with those from sand lenses. Although the weight of &lt;2 mm grains accounted for only 20%–35% of the bulk sediment, these grains were estimated to contribute approximately 70% of the external beta dose rate according to the model, because larger grains have a larger self-dose. Taking into account that the beta dose to dosimeter grains is mainly derived from smaller matrices (e.g. &lt;2 mm), beta dose rates were also calculated based on the infinite matrix dose rate of the &lt;2 mm fraction, along with the conventional water correction method. The ages of sand matrices calculated based on the beta dose rates derived from both the model and the infinite matrix dose rate of the &lt;2 mm fraction were generally consistent with those of sand lenses. The dose rate calculated based on the model might be more accurate than that calculated using the infinite matrix dose rate of &lt;2 mm fraction, but calculating the beta dose rate using the infinite matrix dose rate of &lt;2 mm fraction is useful as a simple approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033423000928/pdfft?md5=232ffdfec01e8589cdfb3dd2c5782cbb&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033423000928-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-structural signatures of neotectonic activity along the HFT bound Himalayan mountain front in Kathgodam-Chorgallia sector of NW Himalaya, India","authors":"Nigar Jahan ,&nbsp;Yogendra Pratap Rana ,&nbsp;Ram Jivan Singh ,&nbsp;Resmi Sathikumar ,&nbsp;Sheikh Nawaz Ali ,&nbsp;Mohammad Atif Raza","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2023.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2023.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thrusting supports the development of diverse landforms and deformational structures in the Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT) region between Kathgodam and the Chorgallia sector, according to this study. The influence of the active tectonic condition in the area was analyzed using seven geomorphic indices, which also underlined the importance of morpho-structural study utilizing remote sensing, geomorphic indices, tectono-geomorphic landforms, field evidence, and luminescence dating. The investigation of sub-basins surrounding the HFT reveals moderate to high tectonic activity, with tectonic activity concentrating in the eastern half and decreasing toward the west. A topographic discontinuity was also observed in the region as indirect active tectonic evidence. Hanging wall rocks have well-preserved features that govern tectonic transport direction, and the HFT in this region is emergent. Shear sense indications point to southerly tectonic migration, with a few modest northward shear senses indicating northward movement, which might be attributable to reverse thrusting along the HFT at some time during the Outer Himalaya's tectonic history. Petrographic investigations reveal sustained frontal deformation at various intervals, with well-preserved thrust-induced deformation fingerprints in deformed rocks throughout the Jam Raula and Sukhi nadi sections. Micro thrust duplexes, or micro-scale asymmetrical drag folds, are shown in thin section investigations as a result of HFT-related brittle-ductile deformation at moderate temperature and pressure. The sandy unit from the Quaternary sediments yields 10 ± 0.8 ka, 11.8 ± 0.7 ka, 17 ± 1 ka, and 56 ± 3 ka quartz OSL dates, demonstrating the migration of hanging wall rocks on footwall post-Siwalik fluvial deposits along the HFT plane and reactivation of the HFT in the study area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266603342300093X/pdfft?md5=e56db7496ced2723b4e5c29811e7e89f&pid=1-s2.0-S266603342300093X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}