Quaternary Science Advances最新文献

{"title":"Dendroseismological investigation of redwood trees along the North Coast section of the San Andreas Fault","authors":"Allyson L. Carroll ,&nbsp;Belle Philibosian ,&nbsp;Stephen C. Sillett ,&nbsp;Marie E. Antoine ,&nbsp;Özgür Kozaci","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Sequoia sempervirens</em> (coast redwood) tree rings have the potential to annually resolve late-Holocene earthquakes on the northern San Andreas Fault based on direct (e.g., physical damage) and indirect (e.g., co-seismic environmental change) impacts, but scarcity of suitable samples and challenges crossdating this long-lived species have limited progress. More precise dating of the pre-1906 (penultimate) earthquake can improve hazard assessment and understanding of rupture segmentation. We target old trees (maximum &gt;815 yr) along the North Coast section of the fault (increment cores via rope-climbing, 11 living trees; plunge cuts, 23 stumps) and employ complementary disturbance detection methods including radial-growth averaging (tree- and series-level), cataloging anatomical indicators (e.g., traumatic resin ducts, TRD), and dating structural components (e.g., reiterated trunks, leans). Multi-centennial ring-width chronologies at Fort Ross (1569−2023) and Gualala (1397−2023) promote continued study with incomplete crossdating limiting utilization of some series. Growth pulses (reductions, releases) and TRD dispersed across the record reflect dynamic environments that obfuscate detection of earthquake signals. The 1906 earthquake did not leave strong signatures on most trees, and when it did, within-tree response varied from normal presentation to discoloration, TRD, and missing rings. Synchrony of indicators at both locations identified 1678−1680 (6 of 15 trees) and 1698−1700 (8 of 16 trees) as the strongest disturbances among dated rings in the time range of the penultimate earthquake, peaking at 1698 (15.7 % of possible growth and anatomical indicators), but the triggering mechanisms for these events are unknown.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment dynamics, neotectonic activity and palaeoenvironments recorded in the Quaternary infill of the central Upper Rhine Graben","authors":"Lukas Gegg ,&nbsp;Olivier Moine ,&nbsp;Philipp Stojakowits ,&nbsp;Frank Preusser","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Upper Rhine Graben is a large-scale tectonic basin in central Europe that has accumulated a kilometre-thick sedimentary succession including, in some places, several hundred metres of mostly continuous Quaternary strata. Especially in the central graben part, these strata have hardly been scientifically explored. We introduce a new, 45-m-long drill core record from the vicinity of Offenburg. At its base, it comprises glaciofluvial gravels derived from the Alpine headwaters, which are superseded by aeolian deposits intercalated with locally derived gravels distinct by a different gravel spectrum. Post-infrared infrared-stimulated luminescence dating shows that the entire sequence reaches back beyond 300 ka, and that the glaciofluvial-aeolian transition occurred during the penultimate glaciation at ∼160 ka. By comparison with neighbouring boreholes, we infer repeated normal faulting south of the drill site since roughly the same time, with the resulting topography filled in by locally sourced gravel interbeds. Finally, two layers of fines indicating stagnant palustrine conditions contain interstadial pollen assemblages of the penultimate and last glaciation, and shells of gastropods typical of Pleistocene loess deposits and a glacial palaeoclimate are encountered in the aeolian succession. Thus, this study offers insights into Middle to Late Pleistocene sediment dynamics, neotectonic activity and palaeoenvironments, and highlights the wealth of stratigraphic information that the Upper Rhine Graben preserves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced silicate weathering during glacial lowstands: new evidence from shelf sediments in the northern South China Sea","authors":"Yu Cao ,&nbsp;Sai Wang ,&nbsp;Guangrong Jin ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Chuangji Feng ,&nbsp;Fatma Yehia ,&nbsp;Haiyun Ma ,&nbsp;Lihua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enhanced silicate weathering on tropical continental shelves has been linked to the exposure of unconsolidated sediments during glacial lowstands, contributing to atmospheric CO₂ consumption. However, the lack of sedimentary record from the exposed continental shelf limited our understanding of glacial weathering regimes. To address this, Core DG from the shelf of the northern South China Sea (SCS) was analyzed to investigate sediment provenance and weathering intensity during the late Quaternary (39–287 ka). Geochemical determination revealed five units (I to V) corresponding to two transgressive-regressive cycles. Sediment of Unit I, III, IV, and V primarily originated from southwestern Taiwan rivers, while Unit II derived mainly from the small streams in Hong Kong. Chemical weathering indices indicated three episodes of enhanced silicate weathering and which contributed mainly by secondary weathering due to the long-term exposure, however, with different patterns. One was the exposure of the continental shelf under favorable temperature and precipitation conditions during the early Marine Isotope Stage 6 (MIS6). Another one was the re-transport of secondary weathered sediments from the SCS shelf near Taiwan by glacially reactivated shelf channels during the end of MIS 6 and early MIS 5. This study provides new sedimentary evidence for enhanced silicate weathering during glacial lowstands, emphasizing the role of secondary weathering and source-to-sink processes in carbon sink on shelf and theimpact on the global carbon cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demarcating paleoflood repositories using documentary evidence and flood geomorphic landforms","authors":"Somasundharam Magalingam ,&nbsp;Selvakumar Radhakrishnan ,&nbsp;Shankar Karuppannan ,&nbsp;Edris Alam ,&nbsp;Md Kamrul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A reconstruction of paleoflood stages reflects the magnitude and frequency of historic floods. Sediment-filled landforms store centuries-old paleoflood data, allowing examination of past events, though river changes and human activities can obscure these valuable records. Hence, identifying the plausible locale for collecting the sediment core is cumbersome. The present research proposes a methodological approach for precisely identifying the repositories. The Cauvery Delta, the largest sediment deposit on Tamil Nadu's eastern coast, is chosen for the study. The study's methodology is structured into: (1) reconstructing a catalogue of significant flood events using documentary records; (2) mapping fluvial geomorphic landforms using satellite images; (3) spatially correlating the records obtained from documentary sources with landforms, and (4) identifying flood geomorphic landforms (FGL) and demarcating promising prospective locales for future chronological studies. It has been observed that the Cauvery River has experienced recurrent instances of flooding throughout the past 8000 years. The FGL mapped using digitally processed satellite images displayed 17 types of landforms. Subsequently, the FGL are precisely identified by spatially integrating documentary data with landforms. Braided bar, channel bar, lateral bar, channel islands, natural levees, paleochannels, older flood plains, point bars, oxbow lakes, and water bodies are the most promising FGL for paleoflood research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface ruptures from the 1556 Huaxian earthquake, North China, measured using high-resolution topography: Implications for large magnitude normal-faulting earthquakes in continental interiors","authors":"Shengxue Lei ,&nbsp;Richard Walker ,&nbsp;Yanbao Li ,&nbsp;Ji Ma ,&nbsp;Ben Johnson ,&nbsp;Qi Ou ,&nbsp;Chia-Hsin Tsai ,&nbsp;Changyun Chen ,&nbsp;Xijie Feng ,&nbsp;Liangxin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On January 23, 1556, a large normal-faulting earthquake struck Huaxian county, in the eastern part of the Weihe Graben, North China. The direct effects of the great shock and the following famine, exposure to coldness, and disease together killed more than 830,000 people, making the Huaxian earthquake the deadliest in history. Estimates of its magnitude vary widely, with intensity data leading to estimates of 8¼ to 8½, whereas geological estimates of slip and fault length suggest a range of 7.5–8.0, but with remaining uncertainty due to the lack of detailed measurements along the entire rupture zone. In this study, we use high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from Pléiades stereo satellite imagery to map the surface ruptures and measure the fault scarps associated with the 1556 earthquake. We use the vertical offset measurements and the cumulative offset probability density (COPD) method to constrain the surface slip distribution of the 1556 event and to examine evidence for prior rupture. We find an average vertical displacement of 6.3 ± 0.7 m, consistent with a moment-magnitude (<em>M</em>_<em>w</em><em>)</em> of 7.3–7.9 that, although large, is much smaller than earlier estimates derived from seismic intensity data. Although the Huaxian earthquake is likely the largest known well-defined normal-faulting event in history, it aligns with the global pattern that normal-faulting earthquakes in continental interiors rarely exceed <em>M</em>_<em>w</em> 8. We suggest that the magnitudes of other large historical earthquakes in North China need to be reexamined by direct fault parameters, rather than by shaking intensity and death toll.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eccentricity-driven glacial climate variability and its influence on speciation in the tropical Andes","authors":"Manuel Chevalier ,&nbsp;William D. Gosling ,&nbsp;Henry Hooghiemstra ,&nbsp;Olivier Cartapanis ,&nbsp;Brian M. Chase ,&nbsp;Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a detailed pollen-based climate reconstruction from Lake Fúquene, Colombia, spanning the past 284,000 years and revealing significant changes in temperature and hydroclimate modes of variability, particularly between glacial periods. Our findings highlight the central role of eccentricity in modulating the influence of high-latitude glacial climate variability on the northern Andes. During periods of high eccentricity (∼70–260 ka), we conclude that the region was shielded from northern high-latitude glacial ice-sheet dynamics by an intensified Walker circulation. After ∼70 ka, a weakening of this zonal circulation allowed high-latitude, millennial-scale glacial climate variability to penetrate deeper into the tropics, influencing the position of the ITCZ and the rainbelt. This shift in climate dynamics led to increased regional millennial-scale climate variability. A detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) on fossil pollen data highlights a contemporaneous compositional shift previously masked by glacial-interglacial vegetation changes. The observed ecological shift coincides temporally with predictions of elevated speciation rates in mechanistic simulations. Combined, these results suggest a long-lasting environmental impact from glacial millennial-scale climate dynamics, supporting the hypothesis that increased environmental dynamism during glacial periods may trigger the speciation pump in the Northern Andes more than glacial inceptions or terminations. These findings underscore the evolving nature of regional climate drivers and their complex interplay with ecology, offering new insights into the role of climate variability in shaping biodiversity in this hotspot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironments at Plains of Sonoran Desert, based on fossil pollen content and geochemical analysis","authors":"B.A. Valle-Caro ,&nbsp;C.I. Ortega-Rosas ,&nbsp;T. Gámez ,&nbsp;J.R. Vidal-Solano ,&nbsp;D.M. Meza-Figueroa","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quaternary pollen-geochemical based-studies in Sonoran Desert are poorly documented. Two sedimentary profiles were studied at Félix Gómez, Sonora in the Plains of Sonoran Desert: Paleosols “La Cárcava” (335 cm depth) and “La Morita” (220 cm depth) covers the latest Pleistocene and all Holocene. The results of paleoenvironmental proxy analysis (fossil pollen, geochemical data, and radiocarbon ages), show a variation in Late Pleistocene conditions with high precipitations and low temperatures leading to an open forest vegetation (<em>Pinus</em> sp., <em>Quercus</em> sp. and Poaceae) in the actual desert. From Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene increasing temperature and higher evaporation rates were constated with the establishment of tropical-desert vegetation. Recovering to wetter al cooler conditions appear in early Holocene with a woodland vegetation type-Chaparral (<em>Pinus</em>, <em>Quercus</em> and Pteridophytes). In the middle-late Holocene the hottest conditions were recorded, with mostly herbaceous plants (Asteraceae and Chenopodiaceae). Finally, in the Latest Holocene (last 2500 years) similar conditions to present days were documented (Chenopodiaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae and Fabaceae).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geospatial mapping of groundwater potential zones using multi-criteria decision analysis and GIS fuzzy logic in Dabus Sub-Basin, western Ethiopia","authors":"Dawit Girma Burayu ,&nbsp;Shankar Karuppannan ,&nbsp;Gemechu Shuniye","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethiopian groundwater assessments are often conducted using field surveys as a basis. Although conventional groundwater exploration methods yield results of varying scale and improved quality, they are typically costly and time-consuming tasks. Utilizing remotely sensed data and geographic information systems (GIS), data may now be efficiently collected, analyzed, and managed across extensive spatial and temporal scales. This study will use timely, affordable remote sensing (RS) data and GIS approaches to map the groundwater potential in the Dabus Sub-Basin in Western Ethiopia. This study examines various geographic parameters, including lithology, slope, rainfall, drainage density, lineament density, soil texture, land use/cover (LULC), and geomorphology. Weight overlay analysis and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), particularly the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method, were employed to delineate the groundwater potential zone (GWPZs). Then, using Saatty's (AHP) scale, the weights for each element were allocated based on their relative relevance. The results of the primary components show that lithology has the lowest weight and rainfall, and geomorphology has the highest weights when calculating the prospective groundwater potential zone in the research region. The findings showed that approximately 310.2 km² (1.5%) had very high groundwater potential, 16216 km² (77.1%) had high groundwater potential, 4476 km² (21.3%) had moderate groundwater potential, and 27.77 km² (0.13%) had low groundwater potential. After employing borehole points and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve method to assess the created groundwater potential zone map, a good correlation of 73.8% was found. Thus, this study demonstrates a reliable way to utilize GIS and remote sensing tools to map and define GWPZs. To make prompt judgments about groundwater management, planners and decision-makers rely heavily on the GWPZ that is produced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstruction of deep-water undercurrent variability from the outer Labrador Sea during the past 550,000 years","authors":"Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr ,&nbsp;André Bahr ,&nbsp;Patrick Blaser ,&nbsp;Antje H.L. Voelker ,&nbsp;Jörg Lippold ,&nbsp;Marcus Gutjahr ,&nbsp;David A. Hodell ,&nbsp;James E.T. Channell ,&nbsp;Anne de Vernal ,&nbsp;Claude Hillaire-Marcel","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a comprehensive multi-proxy analysis spanning 550,000 years from the outer Labrador Sea region at the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Sites U1302/1303. We combine new benthic foraminiferal stable oxygen (δ¹⁸O) and carbon (δ¹³C) isotope records, with sediment elemental composition and authigenic neodymium isotope measurements, to provide insights into deep-water mass sourcing and changes of the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC), which exports North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) into the wider North Atlantic as part of the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.</div><div>We find that a prominent DWBC likely remained a persistent feature within the Labrador Sea region throughout the past 550 kyr. However, glacial peaks of marine isotope stage (MIS) 14 to MIS 2 were consistently characterized by a weaker or shallower DWBC, while all interglacial periods of MIS 13a to MIS 1, with the exception of MIS 7e, were marked by enhanced DWBC. Additionally, the dominant deep-water masses feeding into the DWBC during these glacial-interglacial periods varied from regional (K-rich sediment, unradiogenic εNd) to more distal sources from the Nordic Seas (Ti-rich sediment, radiogenic εNd). Yet, these changes in deep-water provenance did not consistently correlate with DWBC strength, suggesting that additional factors may have played a significant role in shaping the DWBC strength or core depth throughout the geological past.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated litho-structural, hydro-geochemical, and numerical modeling analysis to characterize the 40 springs discharge system, Arba Minch, Ethiopia","authors":"Dagnachew Daniel Molla ,&nbsp;Fitsum Aschnaki Haile ,&nbsp;Tarun Kumar Lohani","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 40-spring discharge system (40SDS) in Arba Minch, Ethiopia, is significantly influenced by the complex geomorphology and tectonic activities of the Ethiopian Rift Valley. These springs are the major source of water supply for drinking, domestic use, and tourism, with historical discharge rates between 130 and 250 L per second (l/s). The study aimed to characterize the 40SDS through an integrated approach using litho-structural, hydro-geochemical, and numerical modeling techniques to understand the dynamics and continuing decline rate. The results showed that faults channelize groundwater from the western plateau through the escarpment to the rift floor, discharging into Lakes Abaya and Chamo. Hydro-geochemical analysis identified magnesium (Mg²⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), and bicarbonate as dominant ions, reflecting interactions with silicate minerals, with concentrations increasing downstream due to water-rock contact. Numerical modeling indicated that the aquifer is highly sensitive to hydraulic conductivity, with 99.8% of groundwater outflow occurring through constant head boundaries. Recharge estimates from WetSpass ranged from 0 to 331.8 mm/year, with an average of 64.7 mm/year. A lag in rainfall-discharge correlation was noted, with a 1-month lag during wet seasons and a 2-month lag during dry seasons, linking recharge to western highland precipitation. Long-term data (1981–2015) indicates a continuous decline in mean annual flow due to reduced recharge and anthropogenic pressures. The springs exhibit a Ca-Na-HCO₃ water type, contrasting with nearby Mg-Na-HCO₃-Cl surface and groundwater. This decline threatens Arba Minch's socioeconomic stability, as these springs are the primary source of water for the community. Effective management strategies are crucial for the sustainable use of this essential resource.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}