Quaternary Science Advances最新文献

{"title":"Fault growth and rupture history based on displacement distribution along the Luoshan Fault, NW China","authors":"Haoyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Wenjun Zheng ,&nbsp;Dongli Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Sun ,&nbsp;Bingxu Liu ,&nbsp;Shiqi Wei ,&nbsp;Guang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growth and development of faults are driven by repetitive earthquakes, which accumulate displacement and extend rupture lengths. This process changes fault morphology, resulting in surface ruptures that are preserved in the geomorphology as displaced landforms. High-resolution geomorphic data enable the precise acquisition of these displaced landforms, facilitating detailed analysis of slip distributions along faults and offering quantitative constraints on the growth and rupture history of faults. In this study, an airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system was employed to obtain 0.5-m resolution geomorphic data &gt;500 m long on both sides of the Luoshan Fault on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. By interpreting and distinguishing different geomorphic markers, we identified and measured 436 right-lateral offsets along the Luoshan Fault. Based on statistical analysis methods, we determined that there were six strong earthquakes within 10 m of the cumulative displacement along the Luoshan Fault. Except for the latest event, the other five strong events showed regular displacement increments of approximately 1.9 m, revealing a strong earthquake pattern of approximate characteristic slip. The different cumulative displacement distributions correspond to various stages of fault growth. The growth pattern of the Luoshan Fault evolves from fault tip propagation and linkage (Events 1–5) to a mode of growth with a constant fault length but increased cumulative displacement (Event 6). Based on the displacement distribution along the Luoshan Fault, the northern segment is more likely to experience earthquake events, with magnitudes ranging from Mw 6.84 to 7.12.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ and modelled debris thickness distribution on Panchi Nala Glacier (western Himalaya, India) and its impact on glacier state","authors":"Purushottam Kumar Garg ,&nbsp;Mohd Farooq Azam ,&nbsp;Iram Ali ,&nbsp;Aparna Shukla ,&nbsp;Arindan Mandal ,&nbsp;Himanshu Kaushik","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents extensive in-situ debris thickness measurements over the Panchi Nala Glacier (western Himalaya, India) and models its spatial distribution using remote sensing and ERA-5 reanalysis data. A rigorous comparison of in-situ and modelled debris thickness and a systematic assessment of its influence on glacier state (2000–2019) are also made. In-situ measurements reveal debris thickness ranging from 0 to 70 ± 0.25 cm. Modelled debris thickness ranges from 0 to 64 ± 1.75 cm. Debris thickness pattern is such that it increases from centre to margins and snout to upglacier. In-situ and modelled debris thickness show a good positive correlation (r = 0.73; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Further, the glacier-wide mass balance is −0.51 ± 0.09 m w.e./y. Modelled debris thickness showed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.66; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) with surface lowering, indicating reduced melt under thick debris. These moderate-to-good correlations in both cases can be ascribed to the inability of coarse resolution data to capture small supraglacial feature variations. Also, thicker debris over margins probably protected it, manifested through limited area loss (0.13 ± 0.2%/y) and snout retreat (5.9 ± 1.6 m/y). Results show higher thinning over the upper ablation zone (4725–4925 m asl) compared to the lower ablation zone (4546–4725 m asl), likely induced by typical debris distribution, has reduced the glacier-tongue's slope (6.7°). Gentle glacier-tongue in a negative mass balance regime with growing debris (0.3 ± 0.2%/y) has become conducive to supraglacial ponds and ice cliffs development, which now dominate ablation processes. Overall, the study presents crucial data on debris thickness and provides vital insights into glacier evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing drainage capture between the two large tributaries of the Yangtze River in the southeastern Tibetan plateau: Insights from detrital apatite fission-track thermochronology","authors":"Rong Yang,&nbsp;Rongyan Li,&nbsp;Cheng Su,&nbsp;Junqing He,&nbsp;Chenchao Xu,&nbsp;Xuhua Shi,&nbsp;Hanlin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolution of drainage patterns in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau remains a highly controversial topic. In this study, we provide solid evidence that the Dadu and Anning Rivers, located in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, have undergone reorganization after the plateau uplift. Through detrital apatite fission-track dating on modern sediments from both rivers, as well as the upper Pliocene - lower Pleistocene Xigeda Formation of the Anning, we reveal that the modern sediments of the Dadu River are dominated by young AFT ages (&lt;5 Ma), consistent with the bedrock ages in its drainage basin. Similarly, the Anning modern sediments and the Xigeda Formation exhibit a significant portion of young ages (peaking at 4.2 and 4.4 Ma, respectively), contrasting with the older ages observed in the bedrocks of the Anning drainage basin but comparable to those of the Dadu drainage basin. We conclude that the Anning and Dadu Rivers were connected during the deposition of the Xigeda Formation, and the modern Anning River receives significant recycled sediments from this formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GIS and remote sensing-based wildlife habitat suitability analysis for Mountain Nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) at Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia","authors":"Mamush Masha ,&nbsp;Gemechu Tadila ,&nbsp;Elias Bojago","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethiopia's Bale Mountains National Park protects the continent's largest remaining alpine environments. This park was first suggested in 1973 to safeguard its great biodiversity, including the endangered Mountain Nyala (<em>Tragelaphus buxtoni</em>) and Red Foxes. Despite these conservation measures, the lack of infrastructure and the enormous area projected have resulted in significant wildlife habitat fragmentation. The purpose of this study is to analyse the habitat suitability of the Mountain Nyala in Bale Mountains National Park using GIS and remote sensing approach in order to inform conservation efforts and assist park management seekers in making policy decisions. To identify potential habitats for the Mountain Nyala, the study employed GIS spatial analyst techniques such as the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Landsat 9 (OLI/TIRS) data, as well as key environmental factors such as vegetation types, soil types, topographic factors (elevation and slope), climate factors (temperature), and proximity factors (distance to settlements, roads, and rivers). The Weights of these factors was calculated using IDRISI32 Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) with the pair-wise comparison method. These weighted factor maps were then integrated through weighted overlay analysis to model wildlife habitat suitability. The analysis revealed five classes of habitat suitability; of the total land area studied, 1326.7 km² (60%) was deemed suitable for the Mountain Nyala while 881.3 km² (40%) was unsuitable. Specifically, 327.4 km² (15%) was classified as highly suitable, 240.7 km² (11%) as moderately suitable, 758.6 km² (34%) as marginally suitable, 352.4 km² (16%) as currently not suitable, and 528.9 km² (24%) as permanently not suitable. The majority of suitable habitats are concentrated in the northern part of the park, along the western border, and in the Harrena forest area. This study provides vital insights into habitat suitability that are crucial for the conservation of the Mountain Nyala and the overall management of the park.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined GIS, FR and AHP approaches to landslide susceptibility and risk zonation in the Baso Liben district, Northwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Biniyam Taye Alamrew ,&nbsp;Tibebu Kassawmar ,&nbsp;Likinaw Mengstie ,&nbsp;Muralitharan Jothimani","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In mountainous places, landslides pose severe environmental threats, weakening infrastructure, resulting in death and costing the economy. This article assesses landslide susceptibility and risk in the Baso Liben district of Northwestern Ethiopia using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Frequency Ratio (FR). Eleven key environmental and geological components— height, slope, lithology, soil type, and land use—were studied. After field research and Google Earth photos, 342 landslide incidents were collated and separated into validation (30%) and training (70%) datasets. ROC curves provide a technique for analyzing the efficacy of the FR and AHP models. With an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 83.4%, the AHP model exhibited superior accuracy than the FR model, with an AUC value of 74.4%. Very low, low, moderate, high, and very high vulnerability are five categories defined as landslide hazard zones. The AHP model assessed 10.5% of the area as very high risk, 19.8% as high danger, 25.6% as moderate risk, 28% as medium risk, and 16.1% as very low risk. The FR model meanwhile assessed 10.16% of the area as very high risk, 21.3% as high risk, 28.9% as moderate risk, 22.5% as low risk, and 17.04% as very low risk. The results reveal that slope angle, lithology, and elevation are key factors impacting landslide vulnerability. These findings equip a practical framework for land-use planning and disaster risk reduction, providing decision-makers with appropriate instruments to help lessen landslide hazards. The research underscores the significance of combining objective data analysis with expert knowledge to enhance the accuracy and reliability of landslide susceptibility models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural rhythms and pulses on MIS 5-3 migration episodes of Homo sapiens dispersal in Northeast Africa","authors":"Jürgen Richter ,&nbsp;Karin Kindermann ,&nbsp;Ralf Vogelsang ,&nbsp;Felix Henselowsky","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On the one hand, genetic observations suggest one essential migration of anatomically modern humans (AMH) from Africa to Eurasia had taken place around 70-50 ka BP and led to the dispersal of AMH all over the world (Out-of-Africa-II model). On the other hand, given the initial phase of the migration would have been located in East and Northeast Africa, archaeological patterning of cultural traits can, so far, neither support nor contradict such a model within the supposed area of migration, and at the time concerned hereby. This paper addresses the obvious invisibility of the migration in the archaeological record and the reasons for it. We propose the summer/winter rainfall frontier to have caused phases of isolation between East and Northeast Africa, impeding cultural exchange between these areas, either resulting from acculturation or migration. We exclude large scale events of dispersal, only small-scale movements of populations to be admitted. This might explain the lack of archaeological visibility of the migration event.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle Stone Age technological organisation from MIS 5 at Mertenhof Rockshelter, South Africa","authors":"Corey A. O'Driscoll ,&nbsp;Alex Mackay","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithic technological organisation within the southern Africa Early Middle Stone Age (∼315,000–80,000 years ago) has seen relatively little investigation owing to the subtly of technological change, frequent use of locally derived raw materials, and the archaeological spatio-temporal discontinuity. This has resulted in relatively limited use of explanatory models for technological variability, including mobility, provisioning, tool production, and core reduction strategies. This paper uses 2952 artefacts to test the lithic technological organisation across Marine Isotope Stage 5 units of Mertenhof Rockshelter. Here we argue that the scales and concepts currently used to approach Early Middle Stone Age technology requires reconsideration. The Mertenhof sequence exhibits high proportions of non-local raw materials with their transport reflective of tactical adjustments within relatively stable mobility, provisioning, and reduction strategies. We demonstrate that Early Middle Stone Age populations maintained a diverse array of tactical solutions across these strategic domains, offering a durable and flexible strategy that would be adapted to changing contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical vegetation shifts in southeastern Amazonia: Unraveling ecotone dynamics in the Carajás region over the last ∼14000 cal yr BP","authors":"Karen da Silva Lopes ,&nbsp;Luiza Santos Reis ,&nbsp;Prafulla Kumar Sahoo ,&nbsp;Markus Gastauer ,&nbsp;Renato Oliveira da Silva Júnior ,&nbsp;Adayana Maria Queiroz de Melo ,&nbsp;Alessandro Sabá Leite ,&nbsp;Gabriel Negreiro Salomão ,&nbsp;Luiza Araújo Romeiro ,&nbsp;Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Edilson Freitas da Silva ,&nbsp;Mariana Maha Jana Costa Figueiredo ,&nbsp;José Tasso Felix Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the Pleistocene–Holocene transition in Serra Leste, a highly endangered southeastern Amazonian ecotone, with a focus on the lake-filling process, climate changes, and potential consequences to forest and savanna dynamics. The lake's development began at approximately 14000 cal yr BP, resulting from the collapse of the fractured lateritic crust. Sedimentation patterns and geochemical, palynological and micro-charcoal proxies reveal shifts in detrital input and redox conditions, forest/savanna areas, and local and regional fire events, indicating a highly dynamic environmental history. The evolution of the lake is characterized by initial deltaic lobe deposition and forest dominance, followed in the Middle Holocene by sedimentary gaps or reduced detrital input; woody vegetation dominance, with a notable shift toward a more open landscape; and savanna and semideciduous dry forest, accompanied by a decrease in ombrophilous forests. A resurgence in arboreal elements recorded in the Late Holocene indicates an expansion of ombrophilous forests under wetter climate conditions and the establishment of a more continuous forest matrix, with the presence of likely “hyperdominant” taxa. Frequent local fire events and the occurrence of temporarily correlated archeological sites in the Serra Leste region suggest the influence of ancient indigenous communities on vegetation changes during the Late Holocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landslide susceptibility mapping using frequency ratio and analytical hierarchy process method in Awabel Woreda, Ethiopia","authors":"Engdaw Gulbet,&nbsp;Belete Getahun","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A landslide is a serious geo-environmental problem that results in the death of life and the devastation of infrastructure, properties, and agricultural lands. This research aimed to identify landslide susceptibility zones in selected Kebels of Awabel Woreda, central Ethiopia. Frequency ratio (FR) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods were used. 175 landslide inventory data collected from Google Earth and field data were collected for testing and training data sets. Using the analytical hierarchy process, all the thematic layers (stream distance, slope, aspect, rainfall, lineament density, elevation, lithology, soil, land use/land cover, and curvature) were reclassified and weighted based on their relative contribution to landslide occurrence with the help of experts’ knowledge. The results show that 11.85% and 20.52 % of the study fall under the very high and high susceptible zones, respectively, while the low susceptible zones cover 26.3% and 14.74% of the area. The landslide susceptibility zone identified by the frequency ratio model shows that (6.09%) and (16.9%) of the area covered very high and high susceptible zones, respectively, while 30.4% and 23.4% of the area covered low and very susceptible zones, respectively. The predicted landslide-susceptible areas were validated using existing landslide points with the help of the ROC tool in ArcGIS. Area under the curve (AUC) results were 84.5% for the AHP model and 73% for the frequency ratio model. The find of this study will provide an input for decision makers and land use planners in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of drainage characteristics, water resources and sediment supply of the Bengal basin","authors":"Md Bazlar Rashid ,&nbsp;Md Ahosan Habib ,&nbsp;Md Sultan-Ul-Islam ,&nbsp;Rahat Khan ,&nbsp;Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review attempts to delineate a synthesis of the main drainage characteristics of the Bengal basin through the study of historical data, old maps, reports, records, satellite images, water and sediment discharge, etc. In doing so, especial emphasize is given on the changing scenery of the river courses (paleo-present), sediment supply and water resources as well as downstream impact on socio-economy and valuable landforms (e.g., agricultural, settlement, urban, sub-urban, municipality, industry, forest, etc.). Nevertheless, impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem, water discharge and suspended sediment transport to deltas, eco-environment, human-life etcetera were also considered in evaluating the drainage characteristics. With continuing earlier custom, till now, human lives, valuable landforms and national economy have continuously been negatively affected by the rapid and frequently changing flow path of the largest rivers (Padma, Jamuna, Meghna) with the consequential river bank erosion. Furthermore, the polders, embankments, river training, and upstream barrages/dams lead to cause and enhance undesired channel siltation, land subsidence, severe erosion, sudden catastrophic floods, water logging, salinity, etc., and also hinder sediment transportation/delivery and water discharge to the basin. Finally, it has a huge impact on the basin's human-life, landforms, biodiversity, ecosystem, eco-environment, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}