尼日利亚沿海热带雨林全新世植被和气候变化

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
E.A. Orijemie , M.C. França , M.A. Sowunmi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

根据尼日利亚西南部四个地方的沉积岩芯,介绍了西非热带雨林植被和气候变化的全新世中晚期古生物学和木炭记录。这四个地点分别是 Ahanve、Ogudu、Otolu-Lekki 和 Ikorigho,它们位于流入大西洋的河流和沿海系统的梯度地带。研究的目的是重建热带雨林的植被历史,推断过去的气候变异,确定人类的存在及其对地貌的影响。记录显示,全新世中期(约公元前 6600-5600 年)的热带雨林主要由低地雨林、红树林沼泽林和淡水沼泽林组成,种类繁多,面积广阔,符合非洲湿润期(AHP)的特征;气候条件温暖湿润,海平面较高。在全新世晚期的早期阶段,有证据表明热带雨林的面积在减少,短暂的气候多变标志着非洲湿润期的逐渐结束。随后,花粉记录显示了森林干扰的证据:特别是在公元前 3100 年,阿汉维的红树林和低地雨林分别被沿海稀树草原和几内亚羚牛为主的次生林取代;公元前 2760-2730 年后,奥古杜的植被类型减少并最终恢复。这些环境干扰可归因于温暖气候中长期干燥加剧,以及两地受海洋和河流影响的差异。公元前 1240-1200 年后,热带雨林进一步减少,同时油棕(Elaeis guineensis)大量增加,南美和亚洲的外来植物出现,木炭颗粒大量增加,考古数据对此进行了补充。花粉和木炭数据表明,从全新世晚期开始,该地区热带雨林的衰退最初是由气候驱动的,而随后和近期的衰退则因人为因素而加剧。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Holocene vegetation and climatic changes in the coastal tropical rainforests of Nigeria

A Mid-Late Holocene palynological and charcoal record of vegetation and climatic changes in the tropical rainforest of West Africa is presented based on sediment cores from four localities in southwest Nigeria. The localities namely Ahanve, Ogudu, Otolu-Lekki and Ikorigho are situated along gradients in riverine and coastal systems that drain into the Atlantic Ocean. The aim was to reconstruct the vegetation history of the tropical rainforest, infer past climate variabilities and ascertain the presence of humans and their impact on the landscape. The record shows that the Mid Holocene, c.6600-5600 BP, was characterised by predominantly diverse and extensive tropical rain forests that comprised lowland rainforest, mangrove swamp forest and freshwater swamp forest that are consistent with the African Humid Phase (AHP); climatic conditions were warm and wet with high sea levels. In the early stages of the Late Holocene, there is evidence of decline in the tropical rainforests with brief spells of climatic variability signalling the gradual end of the AHP. Subsequently, the pollen record revealed evidence of forest disturbance: specifically the replacement of the mangroves and lowland rainforests by coastal savannas and an Elaeis guineensis-dominated secondary forest, respectively, in Ahanve at cal. 3100 yr BP; and the decline and eventual recovery of the vegetation types in Ogudu after cal. 2760-2730 yr BP. These environmental disturbances are attributed to prolonged period of increased desiccation within a warm climate as well as the differentia in marine and riverine influence of both localities. Further decline in the tropical rainforest after cal. 1240-1200 yr BP were accompanied by substantial increase in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), the emergence of exotic plants of South American and Asian origin, substantial increases in charcoal particles that were complemented by archaeological data. The pollen and charcoal data have shown that the decline of the tropical rain forests in the area beginning from the late Holocene was initially climate driven while subsequent and recent decline has been exacerbated by anthropogenic factors.

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来源期刊
Quaternary Science Advances
Quaternary Science Advances Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
13.30%
发文量
16
审稿时长
61 days
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