International Journal of Plasticity最新文献

{"title":"A crystal plasticity-based and temperature-dependent multi-phase field model for the ductile fracture of single crystals at elevated temperatures","authors":"Ao Li,&nbsp;Weiping Hu,&nbsp;Zhixin Zhan,&nbsp;Qingchun Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a temperature-dependent multi-phase field model coupled with a crystal plasticity framework is developed to investigate the ductile fracture of single crystals at elevated temperatures. The principle of virtual power at finite deformation is extended to derive multi-phase field formulations, yielding macroscopic and microscopic force balance equations. The accumulated plastic slip on each slip plane is introduced as the driving force for the ductile damage evolution of that plane, which provides clear physical significance for microscale damage analysis. Within the thermodynamic framework, constitutive equations for damaged crystals are derived, including the macroscopic stress constitutive equation and the microscopic phase field constitutive equation. For theoretically incorporating the temperature effect, a temperature-dependent fracture threshold energy governing damage initiation and a temperature-dependent degradation function controlling damage evolution are proposed to explicitly characterize thermal influences. The main contribution of the developed model lies in the explicit modelling of the temperature effect on damage through a thermally coupled free energy function, along with the rigorous derivation of damage constitutive equations within the thermodynamic framework. For numerical implementation, an efficient and robust explicit algorithm is developed to solve the phase field and deformation field. The comparisons between numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrate the good capability of the proposed model. Based on the proposed model, the influence of temperature on the coupling effect between microplasticity and microdamage on slip planes is revealed. This study provides a new insight for ductile fracture modelling of single crystals at elevated temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104425"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning deformation mechanisms in refractory high-entropy alloys: slip plane preference and dislocation behavior","authors":"Zhiwen Li ,&nbsp;Baoxian Su ,&nbsp;Chen Liu ,&nbsp;Ruirun Chen ,&nbsp;Liang Wang ,&nbsp;Yanqing Su","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) exhibit exceptional high-temperature strength but typically suffer from limited tensile ductility at room temperature. In this study, we investigate the mechanical properties and underlying deformation mechanisms of single-phase body-centered cubic (BCC) Ti₃₅Zr_(35-<em>_x</em>₎Hf<em>_x</em>Nb₂₀Mo₁₀ (<em>x</em> = 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10) alloys. Increasing Hf content significantly enhances tensile ductility while maintaining a high yield strength above 1 GPa. Notably, the fracture elongation of Ti₃₅Zr₂₅Hf₁₀Nb₂₀Mo₁₀ alloy is 27.7 %, nearly double that of the Hf-free Ti₃₅Zr₃₅Nb₂₀Mo₁₀ alloy (14.4 %). In-situ electron backscatter diffraction EBSD analysis shows that Hf additions promote the activation of the {112} slip plane, whereas the {123} slip plane is consistently active across all compositions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis further reveals distinct dislocation behavior depending on the slip plane: screw dislocations dominate on the {110} plane, while edge and mixed dislocations preferentially glide on high-order planes. These wavy mixed dislocations facilitate cross-slip and the development of secondary planar-slip bands, thereby improving strain uniformity and mitigating local stress concentrations. Moreover, kink bands are observed exclusively in Hf-containing alloys. Their formation is associated with the relaxation of localized strain and stress, contributing to improved fracture resistance. Collectively, these findings offer a detailed understanding of the deformation mechanisms in RHEAs and suggest a promising alloy design strategy to simultaneously enhance strength and ductility—critical for structural applications under extreme thermal and mechanical loading conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104424"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano grains-induced high tensile strength-plastic strain synergy in martensitic steel","authors":"Jianquan Wan ,&nbsp;Fei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianxun Lu ,&nbsp;Chen Hu ,&nbsp;Zhuang Shen ,&nbsp;Ling Bing Kong ,&nbsp;Haihui Ruan ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The plasticity is always detrimentally affected by the presence of the delta-ferrite (<em>δ</em>) phase in martensitic steels. This work presents a novel processing strategy employing successive warm-rolling, cold-rolling, and low-temperature annealing to achieve almost complete dissolution of the <em>δ</em> phase in a martensitic steel containing Fe-12Cr-11Ni-1.1Mo-1.7Ti-0.3Al-0.01C (in wt. %). This novel <em>δ</em>-free martensitic steel is primarily composed of nanoscale <em>α</em>′ martensite accompanied with high-density dislocations, demonstrating a ∼4-fold increase in plastic strain (4.82±0.19 %) while maintaining an enhancement of ∼36.4 % in ultimate tensile strength (1855±18 MPa) compared with its <em>δ</em>-containing counterpart fabricated via the conventional method. Nano-grains deformation induces a substantial dislocation accumulation at delayed strains (i.e., &gt;2 %), contributing to a sustained work-hardening capacity and thus preventing early necking. This mechanism allows for greater dislocation-mediated deformation, enabling the high-density dislocations to exhibit an outstanding plasticizing capability while maintaining significant dislocation strengthening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104421"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High strain rate Bauschinger response of 6061-T6 Aluminum alloy","authors":"Bing Du ,&nbsp;Yazhou Guo ,&nbsp;Yi Ding ,&nbsp;Muhammad Atif ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Xue Yang ,&nbsp;Yulong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aims to explore the Bauschinger effect (BE) of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy under different loading rates and pre-strains. Compression-tension experiments were conducted using a modified electromagnetic Hopkinson bar system (ESHB) within the strain rate of 800 s^-1 and pre-strain range of 1 %-9 %. High-speed photography and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technology were employed to measure the strain. The experimental results show that under quasi-static loading, the BE intensifies with the increase of pre-strain until reaches 3 %, at which the BE parameter reaches saturation gradually. Under dynamic loading, the BE parameter goes up rapidly before 2 % pre-strain and then reduces continuously as pre-strain increases. Difference in the BE between quasi-static and dynamic loading were investigated by microstructural analysis. The non-monotonic back stress under dynamic loading arises from competition between dynamic strain aging (DSA) enhanced solute pinning at low pre-strains and irreversible dislocation cutting of precipitates at high pre-strains. The suppressed thermal activation stabilizes these substructures through inhibited cross-slip/climb. Based on the experimental results, a strain-rate dependent Armstrong-Frederick (SAF) model and a physical-based (PB) model are proposed. Compared with the traditional Johnson-Cook (JC) model, these two models can describe more accurately the behavior of the material under dynamic cyclic loading, providing effective tools for material performance optimization and engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104422"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significantly enhanced impact toughness from ambient to cryogenic temperature in high-strength steel via Mn segregation induced delamination","authors":"Biaobiao Wang ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Lu ,&nbsp;Zhao Lei ,&nbsp;Liang Zhen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mn segregation is an inevitable microstructural characteristic in medium/high Mn steels and generally deteriorates mechanical performance. Instead of eliminating Mn segregation, the present work firstly develops a high-strength medium Mn steel with obviously improved impact toughness at a wide temperature range between ambient and cryogenic temperatures by artificially introducing Mn segregated bands to initiate delamination toughening. By combining warm rolling and intercritical annealing, the heterostructure containing elongated Mn-rich austenite bands with a width of ∼7.6 μm and submicron austenite/ferrite matrix was realized. The coarse austenite bands featuring limited mechanical stability preferentially undergo transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect upon deformation, inducing brittle TRIP-martensite with abundant C/Mn contents. These TRIP-martensite parallel to the rolling direction encourage the activation of delamination mechanically and microstructurally by serving as the initiation sites and propagation paths for delamination cracks, making brittleness into toughening. The presence of intensive through-thickness delamination cracks regulates the stress state around the main crack tip, consumes energy through the formation of new surfaces, and activates additional TRIP effects around delamination cracks. The pronounced delamination toughening was realized at ∼ -100 °C, benefiting from an abnormal enhancement of impact toughness at even low temperatures. The sustainable TRIP effect provided by austenite grains with distinct morphology, size, and composition further improves toughness intrinsically. Formation of Mn-rich bands furthermore relieves the segregation of Mn to prior austenite grain boundaries (PAGBs), avoiding intergranular fracture that is usually observed in medium Mn steel. This novel toughening mechanism paves the way for developing high-strength material with enhanced toughness at ambient and low temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104420"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic deformation mechanism and failure behavior of AlN/TiN nanolamellar structure in AlTiN coatings: MD simulation and HRTEM characterization","authors":"Zheyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Helena Zapolsky ,&nbsp;Jinhui Huang ,&nbsp;Jifei Zhu ,&nbsp;Yong Du ,&nbsp;Sai Tang ,&nbsp;Li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite extensive investigations in the literature, a quantitative understanding of how the AlN/TiN nanolamellar structure influences mechanical properties remains a significant challenge. Using molecular dynamics modeling combined with HRTEM characterization, this study provides a quantitative framework linking nanoscale deformation mechanisms to macroscopic mechanical properties in AlTiN coatings. The investigation reveals a three-stage continuous deformation process consisting of dislocation evolution, elastic-plastic transition, and an FCC-to-HCP phase transformation with martensitic shear characteristics. Notably, two distinct crack propagation modes are identified and quantitatively analyzed, with their transition threshold determined by the Al content in the Ti-rich (Ti(Al)N) lamellae and the AlN/TiN thickness ratio. The results indicate that stress-induced phase transformation can be utilized to achieve an optimal balance between fracture toughness and strength in the material. Overall, this study establishes a quantitative interaction mechanism among the composition, structure, and properties of AlTiN coatings, providing theoretical guidance for coating design optimization and practical insights for the development and application of coatings for advanced cutting tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104408"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fully kinetic model for hydrogen transport near a blunting crack tip","authors":"Abdelrahman Hussein,&nbsp;Jukka Kömi,&nbsp;Vahid Javaheri","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The kinetics of hydrogen diffusion and trapping play a major role in hydrogen embrittlement in metals. Under mechanical loading, hydrogen is driven by hydrostatic stress and accumulates at dislocations due to their affinity for hydrogen. However, most stress-diffusion models rely on Oriani’s local equilibrium assumption, which treats hydrogen buildup at dislocations as an instantaneous process. As a result, these models inherently fail to describe the loading rate sensitivity observed in experiments. To overcome this limitation, we propose a fully kinetic formulation in which hydrogen-dislocation interactions are modeled as a diffusive flux driven by the spatial gradient of the normalized dislocation density. The Kocks–Mecking–Estrin equation is used for the evolution of dislocation density coupled with Taylor hardening model. In contrast to classical models, our formulation solves for the total hydrogen concentration as a single species, thereby removing the need to artificially partition hydrogen into lattice and trapped species. The results show that slower loading rates lead to greater hydrogen accumulation at the crack tip. Additionally, pipe diffusion is naturally incorporated by allowing the local diffusivity to vary as a function of dislocation density. We also demonstrate that correct boundary conditions require prescribing equilibrium concentration that account for both stress and dislocation effects, ensuring chemical potential continuity with the far-field lattice. This work provides a robust and extensible framework for modeling hydrogen delayed fracture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104406"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144578135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-performance medium Mn steels with expanded processing windows enabled by rapid austenite reversion","authors":"C. Hu ,&nbsp;B.B. He ,&nbsp;M.X. Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medium Mn steels (MMnS) with high strength and large ductility are desirable for constructing structural components, and multiple plasticity carriers are indispensable for high-performance MMnS. The key to invoking collective deformation mechanisms is the proper tuning of austenite characteristics through the intercritical annealing process. However, since other metallurgical features are also impacted by intercritical annealing both kinetically and thermodynamically, MMnS are sensitive to minor variations of annealing conditions and plagued by narrow thermo-mechanical processing windows. To overcome this limitation, we propose a high-temperature pre-annealing (HA) strategy that enables strong and ductile MMnS across broad ranges of annealing temperature and duration. The HA process facilitates austenite reversion by enhancing nucleation sites and elemental pipe diffusion through dislocations, enabling austenite fractions exceeding the values predicted by thermodynamic equilibrium. Consequently, superior and stable mechanical properties with yield strength of ∼1200 MPa and ductility up to 50% are achieved. Multi-scale characterizations reveal that this exceptional ductility stems from hierarchical austenite with graded mechanical stability and synergistic activation of plasticity mechanisms—martensitic transformation, dislocation glide, deformation twinning, and stacking faults—to mitigate strain localization. In contrast, the same MMnS without HA process exhibits inferior tensile properties and a strong dependence on annealing conditions. Our findings underscore the capability of the HA strategy to decouple mechanical performance from precise processing control, offering a scalable pathway for industrial-scale production of high-performance MMnS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104419"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A generalizable machine learning-assisted fast Fourier transform algorithm to simulate the large strain phenomena in polycrystalline materials","authors":"Benhour Amirian ,&nbsp;Abhijit Brahme ,&nbsp;Ricardo A. Lebensohn ,&nbsp;Kaan Inal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machine learning methods have shown initial promise in constitutive modeling for single crystals or homogenized polycrystals, delivering notable computational efficiency. However, existing machine learning-based constitutive models often lack generalizability, limiting their application across diverse boundary value problems. This study introduces a thermodynamics-informed artificial neural network model to accelerate rate-tangent crystal plasticity fast Fourier transform simulations for cross-scale deformation behaviors of polycrystals under complex loading. Our model integrates microstructural variability and local interactions effectively. To address local effects in each grain, we employ K-means clustering to group Gauss points within the microstructure into clusters assumed to be in similar mechanical states. This approach, based on self-clustering analysis, extends model scope from macroscopic stress response to the granular level, capturing mechanical responses and orientation evolution across grains. This reduces the number of nonlinear problems to solve, with cluster responses propagated throughout each group. The thermodynamics-based artificial neural network-extracted features are further processed using local material state clusters to account for history-dependent deformation and evolving microstructures. Additionally, representative volume element simulations with rate-tangent crystal plasticity fast Fourier transform provide reliable datasets for model training. The proposed model demonstrates high efficiency, accuracy, self-consistency, and enhanced generalizability in predicting strain–stress responses and orientation evolution at both individual grain and aggregate scales under complex loading conditions, such as biaxial tension and arbitrary loading scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104404"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144578136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous anisotropy in an additively manufactured solid-solution-strengthened superalloy from room to elevated temperatures","authors":"Zhenhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Zixu Guo ,&nbsp;Quanquan Han ,&nbsp;Daijun Hu ,&nbsp;Shiwei Wu ,&nbsp;Haiyang Fan ,&nbsp;Erlei Li ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Yilun Xu ,&nbsp;Shoufeng Yang ,&nbsp;Chuanzhen Huang ,&nbsp;Wentao Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal additive manufacturing (AM) produces unique grain morphologies owing to the high cooling rates and large temperature gradients, which potentially lead to unexpected mechanical anisotropy. In this study, we unveil an anomalous anisotropic behaviour in a solid-solution-strengthened superalloy with periodic columnar-to-crescent grains fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Specifically, as-built (AB) specimens show higher strength perpendicular to the build direction (BD) than that parallel to the BD at room temperature (RT), while the opposite trend occurs at the elevated temperature (ET, 900 °C). Besides, the heat treatment eliminates the anisotropy of strength at both RT and ET. A dislocation-based damage-coupled crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) model with strain gradients is utilized to understand the origin of the above anomalous anisotropy. It is found that the transition of anisotropy from RT to ET is attributed to the temperature-dependent dislocation annihilation combined with initial dislocations in AB state. In contrast to the heat-treated specimens without anisotropy, the LPBF-induced residual deformation primarily contributes to the anisotropy at RT, whereas the initial dislocations dominate the anomalous anisotropy at ETs for AB specimens. The CPFE model reveals the threshold temperature to be 600 °C for the occurrence of anomalous anisotropy, which is experimentally validated. This study presents a comprehensive understanding into temperature-dependent anisotropy of AM superalloys, and in turn guides the regulation of anisotropy by tuning microstructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104409"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144547527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}