International Journal of Plasticity最新文献

{"title":"The role of cryogenic treatment in the relaxation behavior of the elastically rejuvenated metallic glasses","authors":"A.H. Balal ,&nbsp;X.L. Bian ,&nbsp;D.X. Han ,&nbsp;B. Huang ,&nbsp;S.S. Liao ,&nbsp;N. Li ,&nbsp;S. Ali ,&nbsp;Y.D. Jia ,&nbsp;J.C. Qiao ,&nbsp;G. Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates how elastically pre-loaded Zr_52.5Cu_17.9Ni_14.6Al₁₀Ti₅ metallic glass (MG) subjected to cryogenic treatments (CT) affects its relaxation behavior and mechanical properties. The findings reveal that as the elasto-static compression loading (ECL) stress and duration increase, a noticeable improvement in structural rejuvenation will be induced due to the increase of the free volume. From the perspective of the atomic-level stress theory, the dilated atomic structure induced by ECL helps to achieve a synergy of strength and plasticity after CT. The shrinkage after cooling triggers the coalescence of the hard elastic matrix with the soft regions, which results in free volume annihilation and induces partial structural relaxation. Hence, high density regions with lower activation energy and higher yield strength are generated, manifesting an overcoming the strength-plasticity trade-off in MGs. Further investigations show that the <em>β</em>-relaxation activation that occurs after the activation of a small concentration of local low-viscosity regions is closely related to <em>β′-</em>relaxation. It is evidenced that with increasing of ECL stress and time that followed by CT process, the activation energy of <em>β</em>- and <em>β′-</em>relaxation and the viscosity of local liquid-like regions are decreased, while the concentrations of the defective flow units of <em>β</em>- and <em>β′-</em>relaxation are increased. Moreover, ECL and CT can induce structural modifications manifesting in the decrease of the activation energy and the increase of the shear transformation zones (STZs) volume, as compared with the as-cast state. The generalized Maxwell and free volume models serve as the frameworks for understanding the phenomena. These results offer insights into the relationship between the local liquid-like regions excitations and secondary relaxations with the mechanical properties, to develop advanced MGs with fascinating properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 104356"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instability of Omega phase induces synchronously improved strength and plasticity of metastable β-titanium alloys","authors":"C. Mi ,&nbsp;S.Z. Zhang ,&nbsp;H. Zhang ,&nbsp;Z.C. Peng ,&nbsp;T. Chen ,&nbsp;F.C. An ,&nbsp;C.J. Zhang ,&nbsp;S.X. Liang ,&nbsp;J.S. Zhang ,&nbsp;X.Y. Zhang ,&nbsp;R.P. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metastable β-Titanium alloys combine excellent work-hardenability and good plasticity due to phase transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) and/or twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) effects, but exhibit poor yield strength. While isothermal ω-phase (ω_iso) precipitation effectively strengthens these alloys, it typically compromises their plasticity. This study develops a strategy to harness ω-phase precipitation for simultaneously enhancing tensile strength and maintaining plasticity in metastable β titanium alloys. Experimental results reveal that ω-phase particles significantly improve yield strength while initiating localized necking through dislocation channel formation. This necking facilitates the rapid multiplication of dislocations in the strain-localization area, leading to forest dislocation hardening. Additionally, there is extra work hardening due to the interaction of dislocations with stress-induced twins and α'' martensites. This dual work-hardening mechanism restrains and stabilizes premature necking. Continuous interactions between ω-phase particles and lattice defects (dislocations, twins, α\" martensites), coupled with subsequent hardening from dislocation-defect interplay, induce two distinct necking events prior to final fracture. Each necking stage triggers corresponding hardening responses that progressively regulate deformation behavior. Consequently, an exceptional strength-ductility synergy is achieved, resulting in a 680 MPa yield strength and 51.77 % elongation after 150 °C aging. This work provides an instability-control strategy that coordinates forest hardening with dislocation-twin/α\" martensites interaction hardening, thereby synchronously improving strength and plasticity (SISP) of metastable β titanium alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104355"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling asymmetric precipitation strengthening during tension and compression via statistical slip activity analysis for an untextured Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy","authors":"Ran Ni ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Jiang ,&nbsp;Carl Boehlert ,&nbsp;Jiang Zheng ,&nbsp;Hao Zhou ,&nbsp;Qudong Wang ,&nbsp;Dongdi Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Loading direction is not usually considered when evaluating precipitation-strengthening behavior. However, different precipitation-strengthening responses under tension and compression (termed T-C asymmetric precipitation strengthening) do exist in Mg alloys. In an untextured and twin-free Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy, peak-aging (T6) treatment increased the yield strength (YS) by 103 MPa (+73%) under tension and 25 MPa (+11%) under compression, compared with the solid solution (T4) condition. To understand this phenomenon, both the distributions and critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) ratios of individual slip modes were statistically analyzed using slip trace analysis based on over 500 slip trace observations. The aging-induced increases in <span><math><mrow><mtext>CRS</mtext><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mtext>Pyr</mtext><mspace></mspace><mi>I</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>/<span><math><mrow><mtext>CRS</mtext><msub><mi>S</mi><mtext>Pri</mtext></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mtext>CRS</mtext><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mtext>Pyr</mtext><mspace></mspace><mtext>II</mtext></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>/<span><math><mrow><mtext>CRS</mtext><msub><mi>S</mi><mtext>Pri</mtext></msub></mrow></math></span> were significantly greater in tension compared with compression. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that Orowan bowing was the dominant dislocation-precipitate interaction mechanism in tension, while shearing was prevalent in compression. The CRSS increments for the individual slip modes were calculated and compared for Orowan bowing and shearing. Orowan strengthening was consistently higher than shearing strengthening for all slip modes. These rationalized the higher aging-induced increase of YS in tension compared with compression. In addition, the precipitation effects on the frequency of multiple slip, cross slip and slip transfer were different in tension and compression. Overall, this work highlights the importance of considering the loading direction when studying precipitation strengthening for Mg alloys for the first time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 104354"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-organization of multiple shear bands in CoCrNi chemically complex medium entropy alloys","authors":"Dong-Lin Sheng ,&nbsp;Tong Li ,&nbsp;Wei-Han Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Hai-Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Lan-Hong Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex concentrated alloys (CCAs), also known as medium/high entropy alloys (M/HEAs), possess a multitude of outstanding properties attributing to their distinctive chemically disordered structure, which endows them with broad application prospects in many engineering fields. As a fundamental and ubiquitous non-equilibrium phenomenon, shear localization has received significant attention during past several decades. However, the collective behavior of multiple shear bands in CCAs or M/HEAs has not been comprehensively elucidated. Here, we tackle this problem in CoCrNi medium entropy alloy by thick-walled cylinders technology. Via the experimental design, the specimens subjected to diverse deformations were effectively \"frozen\", thereby facilitating the acquisition of the self-organization characteristics of multiple shear bands in distinct evolution stages. A notable scaling law of multiple shear band spacing was identified. To uncover the underlying physical mechanism of the scaling law, a multiple shear band energy dissipation evolution dynamics model was formulated. Subsequently, a competing map of shear band nucleation and growth was established. It is found that the coordinated propagation of stacking faults and twins may trigger the transformation from the face-centered cubic structure to the hexagonal close-packed structure and even amorphization in late stage of shear band growth. The amorphization regions possess a high probability of serving as nucleation sites with a propensity for void formation. Eventually, with the progression of void evolution, fracture occurs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 104352"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of multi-stage recrystallization in low-alloy steel under varying deformation conditions using inhomogeneous-dislocation-density 3D cellular automaton","authors":"Jiawei Xu ,&nbsp;Lifeng Lu ,&nbsp;Xueze Jin ,&nbsp;He Wu ,&nbsp;Qiwei He ,&nbsp;Daolei Yang ,&nbsp;Jingchao Yao ,&nbsp;Weiqiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Shaoshun Bian ,&nbsp;Bin Guo ,&nbsp;Debin Shan ,&nbsp;Wenchen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the thermoforming process, alloys experience severe plastic deformation under varying temperatures and strain rates, complicating dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior. Current DRX models developed under constant deformation conditions have limited accuracy in predicting complex stress and microstructure evolutions. This work develops a 3D cellular automaton (CA) model to precisely predict the DRX microstructure and flow stress of low-alloy steel under varying deformation conditions. The model incorporates dislocation density gradients and grain-boundary sliding to quantify dislocation density evolutions in matrix and multi-stage recrystallization grains during hot compression. Parameter variables related to dislocation accumulation and annihilation are derived from a new phenomenological constitutive model, in which the variation of the time for 50 % DRX fraction and the residual softening induced by the first-stage recrystallization are considered. CA simulation results illustrate that the stress softening following peak stress after transiently increasing the Zener-Hollomon parameter <span><math><msub><mi>Z</mi><mi>P</mi></msub></math></span> is attributed to the refinement of matrix and first-stage DRX grains (DRXGs_I) resulting from dislocation differences. DRXGs_I cannot be fully refined due to delayed nucleation of second-stage DRX grains (DRXGs_II), resulting in a greater final grain size. After decreasing <span><math><msub><mi>Z</mi><mi>P</mi></msub></math></span>, even if the DRX fraction increases to levels under constant conditions, some matrix still exhibits higher dislocation density due to an inhomogeneous-dislocation-density distribution. This accelerates DRXGs_I growth to a size similar to that under the constant condition, producing a stress-decreasing rate that closely matches experimental findings. The proposed simulation framework not only contributes to visualizing multi-stage recrystallization but also aids in quantitative microstructure control during hot forging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104353"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating creep anisotropy of largely pre-deformed Al-Cu alloys by shape tailoring of dislocation sub-structures","authors":"Longhui Chen ,&nbsp;Chunhui Liu ,&nbsp;Peipei Ma ,&nbsp;Lihua Zhan ,&nbsp;Jianshi Yang ,&nbsp;Minghui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Introducing high-density dislocations by large pre-deformation could afford a significant increase in both the creep formability and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. However, the strong creep anisotropy typical of the alloy sheets prepared by this method, e.g. cold-rolling with a large thickness reduction, leads to the difficulty in accurate creep age forming of doubly curved panels. Clarifying the influence of different types of microstructures on the creep deformation is pivotal in tailoring the creep anisotropy of largely pre-deformed Al alloys. This study investigated the creep aging responses of largely pre-deformed Al-Cu alloys prepared using two different processes, i.e. unidirectional rolling and cross-rolling, with a same total thickness reduction of 80 %. Cross-rolling was applied by changing the rolling direction by 90° about normal direction in the second step. The in-plane creep anisotropy index of the sample prepared through the 3:1 (ratio of the reductions in two steps) cross-rolling scheme is about 13 %, much lower than that (about 49 %) of the unidirectional rolling sample. The as-rolled and creep-aged samples for unidirectional rolling, 1:1 and 3:1 cross-rolling exhibited similar tensile properties and had a yield strength anisotropy index less than 6 %. Detailed characterizations by electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) reveal that cross-rolling mainly changes the dislocation substructures rather than the grain orientations and precipitates in the largely pre-deformed alloys. The dislocation cells with a diameter ranging from 400 nm to 1.8 μm changed from the \"elliptical\" shape in the unidirectional rolling sample to a \"circular\" shape in the 3:1 cross rolling sample. The crystal plasticity finite element models considering the effect of dislocation substructures were established to simulate the creep deformation in the largely pre-deformed Al alloys. Multi-scale experimental characterizations and crystal plasticity finite element simulations demonstrate that the texture and grain shape have little influence while the dislocation substructure plays a dominant role in the creep anisotropy in the largely pre-deformed Al-Cu alloys. Our findings inspire alleviating creep anisotropy of largely pre-deformed Al alloys by shape tailoring of dislocation sub-structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 104350"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zirconium δ-hydrides: Strain localisation, ratcheting, and fatigue crack propagation","authors":"Daniel J. Long ,&nbsp;Thibaut Dessolier ,&nbsp;T. Ben Britton ,&nbsp;Stella Pedrazzini ,&nbsp;Fionn P.E. Dunne","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As many nations commit to achieving Net Zero, many low carbon scenarios indicate that civil nuclear power generation and the economics thereof are set to play a vital role. To maximise nuclear reactor operation lifetimes, it is essential to develop mechanistic understanding of failure and degradation mechanisms in safety-critical components for increasingly holistic reactor design codes and standards. In this paper, advanced micromechanical testing with in situ digital image correlation is used in combination with crystal plasticity modelling to study various aspects of damage associated with δ hydride precipitates in Zircaloy-4 for reactor fuel cladding applications. Measurements of static and cyclic hydride precipitation strains demonstrate a discernible strain field directionality (associated with intragranular precipitation) which was not previously reported, while cyclic thermomechanical loads are shown to promote the cyclic accumulation of strain due to repeated precipitation and dissolution of hydrides (hydride strain ratcheting) for up to five cycles, leading to the development of networks of geometrically necessary dislocations. Using crystal plasticity finite element modelling of the volumetric expansion associated with hydride precipitation, the strain directionality phenomenon is shown to be linked with hydride morphology. Comparisons with experimental strain fields also suggest that hydride plasticity is an important consideration for damage accumulation during precipitation. Experimental measurements of short fatigue crack propagation through Zircaloy-4 microstructures containing hydrides reveal new crack propagation mechanisms including decohesion, which on average, lead to accelerated rates of crack growth. Twins and hydride precipitation therein are also implicated in even more damaging fatigue behaviour as fatigue cracks are provided a seemingly brittle and direct path for fracture, which was not previously reported in the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104344"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An anisotropic thermo-mechanically coupled constitutive model for glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 including crystallization kinetics","authors":"Marie-Christine Reuvers ,&nbsp;Christopher Dannenberg ,&nbsp;Sameer Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Michael Johlitz ,&nbsp;Alexander Lion ,&nbsp;Stefanie Reese ,&nbsp;Tim Brepols","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to achieve process stability in the industrial thermoforming of fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs), typically, cost- and time-intensive trial-and-error-processes are required. The experimental boundary conditions, as well as the material composition and component design optimization, are highly dependent on material phenomena related to various material scales and constituents. It is therefore necessary to develop finite element constitutive models that are validated against experimental results and incorporate various material phenomena in order to reduce the experimental effort and evaluate the composite’s performance with reliable predictions. In this work, an existing thermo-mechanically coupled constitutive model for polyamide 6 is extended in a thermodynamically consistent manner to represent the anisotropic composite behavior, including anisotropic conduction, thermal expansion as well as internal heat generation associated with irreversible processes. Furthermore, the crystallization process is incorporated using experimental standard (S-DSC) and flash (F-DSC) differential scanning calorimetry results. The thermal and mechanical model parameters of the homogenized macroscopic material formulation are identified and the model response is successfully validated with a data base comprising both experimental and virtual results. Finally, the model capabilities are assessed in several thermo-mechanical structural computations, including a 3D thermoforming example in comparison with experimental results. In particular, the influence of the anisotropy on material self-heating, thermal expansion and the resulting crystalline state is investigated, demonstrating the potential of this new approach to efficiently and accurately predict FRPs in the future. Our source code, data, and exemplary input files are available under <span><span>https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15052983</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 104341"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-strong and ductile magnesium alloy enabled by ultrafine grains with nano-spacing solute-enriched planar defects","authors":"Zhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinshu Xie ,&nbsp;Jinghuai Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruizhi Wu ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Xu-Sheng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mg_96.3Ho_1.6Y_1.2Zn_0.8Zr_0.1 (at.%) alloy with sub-micron ultrafine grains containing nano-spacing solute-enriched planar defects is developed to exhibit high strengths (yield strength = ∼ 382 MPa and ultimate tensile strength = ∼ 426 MPa) and good ductility (fracture elongation = 19 %), compared to the as-homogenized counterpart (yield strength = ∼ 160 MPa, ultimate tensile strength = ∼ 225 MPa, and fracture elongation = 7.5 %). Ultrafine grains with an average grain size of ∼ 940 nm is attained via particle-stimulated nucleation mechanism induced by the second Mg₁₂(Ho,Y)Zn phase during hot extrusion. A substantial number of ultrafine grains are formed surrounding these second-phase grains. The addition of Ho/Y/Zn elements lowers the <em>I</em>₁ stacking fault energy, facilitating the formation of <em>I</em>₁-type fault loops and promoting the activity of &lt;c+a&gt; dislocations. Meanwhile, the nano-spacing solute-enriched planar defects (including long-period stacking order structure and <em>I₂</em>-type stacking faults) effectively hinder the motion of &lt;c+a&gt; dislocations, increasing flow stress while simultaneously promoting the activation of new &lt;c+a&gt; dislocations. As a result, the synergistic effect between ultrafine grains and solute-enriched planar defects significantly enhances the yield strength and facilitates the numerous non-basal dislocation activity responsible for significantly improved ductility. In addition, the refined second deformable Mg₁₂(Ho,Y)Zn phase further strengthens the alloy and effectively delays the formation of macrocracks to improve the ductility. This study not only present an efficient strategy for developing high-strength, high-ductility Mg alloys but also provides new insights into the interplay between planar defects and dislocations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 104348"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation Behavior and Strengthening Mechanisms of an Additively Manufactured High-Entropy Alloy with Hierarchical Heterostructures","authors":"Yunjian Bai ,&nbsp;Yadong Li ,&nbsp;Yizhe Liu ,&nbsp;Cheng Yang ,&nbsp;Yun-Jiang Wang ,&nbsp;Kun Zhang ,&nbsp;Bingchen Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing (AM) of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) typically results in the formation of unique microstructures and deformation mechanisms, sparking widespread research interest. This study delves into the deformation behavior and strengthening mechanisms of an AMed HEA with hierarchical heterostructures. The results show that the alloy consists of the FCC matrix, coherent L1₂ precipitates, incoherent L2₁ precipitates with lens-shaped inclusions, and chemical cells. The distribution of the L2₁ phase and the lens-shaped inclusions are unique phenomena, mainly attributed to local chemical fluctuations during the AM process. The FCC matrix primarily contributes to plastic deformation, with L1₂ precipitates enhancing strength through ordered strengthening, and L2₁ precipitates providing strengthening via Orowan bypassing mechanism. Additionally, dislocation strengthening also contributes to the overall strength. Notably, the lens-shaped structures within the L2₁ phase undergo a stress-induced martensitic transformation during deformation, attributed to their inherent metastability, favorable microstructural locations and grain orientations. These findings deepen the understanding of the microstructures and deformation mechanisms of AMed HEAs, offering valuable insights for the design and optimization of high-performance HEAs in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 104347"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}