International Journal of Plasticity最新文献

{"title":"Deposited Ductile-GPa CoCrNi-based FCC medium entropy alloy with continuously precipitation by directed energy deposition-Arc","authors":"Liuwei Wu ,&nbsp;Xizhang Chen ,&nbsp;Ming Wen ,&nbsp;Kang Peng ,&nbsp;Yunxiu Chao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An L1₂-strengthened Co₃₀Cr₁₈Ni₄₂Al₅Ti₅ medium-entropy alloy was fabricated via directed energy deposition (DED)-Arc technique, focusing on investigating the modulation mechanism of the process on L1₂ phase precipitation behavior. The results showed that the high heat input and moderate cooling rate features of DED-Arc process effectively suppressed the discontinuous precipitation (DP) behavior: the coarse columnar crystal structure significantly reduces the number of grain boundaries; moderate cooling rate promotes homogeneous distribution of Al/Ti elements and eliminates grain boundary segregation; This “coarse grain-element homogenization” synergy results in a high-density distribution of the L1₂ phase within the grain through a continuous precipitation (CP) behavior. Directly deposited alloys exhibit gigapascal strength (∼1090 MPa) and high uniform elongation (∼28.4 %). Furthermore, subsequent heat treatment of the deposited alloys confirmed the thermal stability of the continuous L1₂ precipitation, with increased L1₂ phase fraction while maintaining “FCC+L1₂” structure. This work provides guidance for the fabrication of L1₂-strengthened high-entropy alloys and medium-entropy alloys with excellent mechanical properties by additive manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104395"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdependent slip and twinning behaviors for improving cryogenic mechanical properties in Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo alloy additively manufactured by electron beam wire-fed","authors":"Guoqiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Liang Wang ,&nbsp;Baoxian Su ,&nbsp;Mengjia Yao ,&nbsp;Enbo Wei ,&nbsp;Botao Jiang ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Du ,&nbsp;Weikun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruirun Chen ,&nbsp;Yanqing Su ,&nbsp;Jingjie Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>α-Ti with hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure offers exceptional strength-to-weight ratios and structural stability, becoming a promising material for extreme conditions. However, there are few reports on additively manufactured Ti alloys for cryogenic application, primarily due to the detrimental effects of porosity, inclusions, oxidation and residual stresses on mechanical performance. And the strength-ductility trade-off also challenges cryogenic applications of α-Ti alloys. This work successfully demonstrates the feasibility of electron beam wire-fed additive manufacturing (EBWF AM) for fabrication of high-performance cryogenic Ti alloys. The virtually dense Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (Ti6321) alloys exhibit yield strength of 1194 MPa and total elongation of 18.8 % at cryogenic conditions, with ∼30 % and ∼64 % improvements in ductility and strength compared to room temperature. The highly attractive cryogenic ductility is ascribed to the interdependent slip and twinning behavior in mediating cryodeformation. Specifically, the prismatic and basal 〈<em>a〉</em> slips become primary deformation modes. However, the basketweave morphology benefits from more 〈<em>c</em> <em>+</em> <em>a〉</em> dislocations, abundant geometrically necessary dislocations and dislocation delocalization, helping to improve cryogenic ductility and work hardening. Also, the inhibition of macro shear bands makes a contribution to the improved cryogenic ductility owing to the co-deformability of both phases and random α variants, facilitating deformation delocalization and mitigating localization effect. Instead, the sub-millimeter colonies in the fully lamellar microstructure induce more deformation twinning, while the enhanced slip lengths and planar slip propensity exacerbate strain localization and sample-scale macro shear banding, leading to premature failure. These findings highlight the superior cryogenic strength-ductility combination and important contribution of dislocation-dominated plastic cryodeformation in the basketweave microstructure. This work demonstrates the potential of EBWF for fabricating advanced structural materials for cryogenic applications and advances the understanding of Ti6321 cryodeformation behavior, offering insights for developing high-performance Ti alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104390"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic carbon diffusion induced sustainable strain-hardening at quasi-static strain rates in high-C Al-added austenitic steels","authors":"Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Yong Hou ,&nbsp;Dapeng Yang ,&nbsp;Guodong Wang ,&nbsp;Hongliang Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of strain-hardening behavior in steel typically involves controlling the activation of deformation mechanisms and the evolution of microstructure during deformation. This research proposes a novel strategy to promote sustained hardening by leveraging dynamic strain aging (DSA) through a high-C design to pin dislocations, thus enhancing tensile strength and ductility at quasi-static strain rates, independent of microstructure tailoring. This study reveals that lower strain rates are more conducive to achieving greater strain-hardening capacity in the new alloys within the thermally-activated regime (strain rates of 10^–3 to 10^–1 s^–¹). Intriguingly, heavily deformed microstructures show reduced substructure density at lower strain rates, yet exhibit enhanced flow stress. This discrepancy indicates that the observed changes in the alloy’s hardening deviate from conventional substructure evolution law. Transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction analyses show that low strain rates inhibit the formation of additional twin systems and promote a predominantly cellular structure dominated by cross-slip. Theoretical calculations of dislocation dynamics and carbon diffusion rates confirm that DSA dominates strain rate sensitivity. Tensile tests at elevated temperatures demonstrate notable improvements in both ultimate tensile strength and ductility. This observation, combined with cyclic aging-reloading tests, underscores the critical role of DSA in the hardening of C-enriched alloys. By demonstrating the substantial impact of dynamic interstitial diffusion on strain-hardening and strain rate response, this study confirms that DSA induces substantial hardening at ambient temperature. This results in the alloy at a strain rate of 10^–3 s^–¹ exhibiting a strain-hardening capacity exceeding 100 MPa higher than that at 10^–1 s^–¹, while also achieving improved resistance to instability and an elongation increase of nearly 10 %. Despite limited twinning and dislocation density, the alloy achieves superior mechanical properties through solute-dislocation interactions, surpassing predictions of conventional hardening models that over-rely on substructure evolution. This study offers a promising avenue for designing future alloys with superior strength and ductility at quasi-static strain rates, potentially overcoming the traditional strength-ductility trade-off via solute-dislocation interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104391"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic dislocation response in aluminum single crystals under multiple laser peening: A physics-based crystal plasticity study","authors":"Siyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Guohu Luo ,&nbsp;Jiancheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Yongxiang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding dislocation dynamics at high strain rates is critical for analyzing the deformation behavior of metals under laser peening (LP). However, power law crystal plasticity models cannot capture the dislocation motion and evolution during high-dynamic laser shock loading. This study simulates the dislocation response of aluminum single crystals under laser peening based on a crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) model incorporating thermal activation and phonon drag. After calibrating the unknown parameters with the experimental data from the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and plate impact tests, we simulate the dynamic deformation behaviors in aluminum single crystals subjected to single and multiple laser shocks. The results indicate that dislocation patterns are axisymmetric during laser irradiation, as the dislocation velocities are close to limits, decreasing the differences among slip systems. The dislocation patterns become anisotropic during pressure relaxation as dislocations slip along the most susceptible direction. Moreover, phonon drag introduces additional slip resistance during the first laser shock, while peak resolved shear stress decreases in multiple laser shocks. The primary reason is that a higher mobile dislocation density can reduce the average dislocation velocity. Furthermore, the increment in dislocation density increases in the triple laser shocks because dislocation evolution is dominated by multiplication, the rate of which is proportional to the initial dislocation density. Additionally, the low-symmetry structure can cause a higher multiplication rate, introducing a higher dislocation density in 〈111〉-oriented single crystals than in 〈001〉 and 〈011〉. This investigation implies that the initial dislocation density and lattice orientation play crucial roles in the high dynamic deformation and microstructure evolution under LP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104388"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple recrystallization mechanisms of adiabatic shear bands: Observations via electromagnetic force-induced wide-range transition zones","authors":"Hanwei Ning ,&nbsp;Yichao Lv ,&nbsp;Yujie Yao,&nbsp;Jianghua Deng,&nbsp;Chengpeng Gong,&nbsp;Zhisong Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decades, the formation mechanisms of adiabatic shear bands under dynamic loading have attracted wide coverage from researchers. This study introduces a novel approach focusing on the transition zones at ASB edge rather than their fully recrystallized center to advance current understanding. These regions can be regarded as transitional stages within the unaccomplished dynamic recrystallization process, thereby demonstrating the accurate evolution. Using electromagnetic riveting processing of commercial 2A10 Al-Cu alloy, we generated ASB (&gt;130 μm) with distinguishable edge regions exceeding 10 μm in width. Through microstructure characterization under focused ion beam and kinetic analysis, the direct microscopic evidence of rotational dynamic recrystallization and additional recrystallization mechanisms activated alongside rotational dynamic recrystallization were discovered. The results demonstrate the sequential mechanisms: rotational dynamic recrystallization initiates firstly during deformation, producing ultrafine grains at ASB centers; discontinuous dynamic recrystallization subsequently emerges with localized temperature elevation; continuous dynamic recrystallization requires a longer duration than the deformation process itself, classified as incomplete recrystallization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104389"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled phase field damage and crystal plasticity analysis of intragranular fracture: The role of crystallographic orientation and voids","authors":"Aashique A. Rezwan,&nbsp;Nicole K. Aragon,&nbsp;David Montes de Oca Zapiain,&nbsp;Hojun Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Damage evolution in engineering metal alloys at the grain scale exhibits significant microstructural heterogeneity and anisotropy. These heterogeneities create local hotspots for stress and strain localization, leading to void nucleation. Crystal orientation influences the active slip systems around voids, affecting lattice rotation and potentially forming discontinuities. At low triaxiality, voids may change shape due to lower stress, rotation, elongation, and coalescence. At high triaxiality, the correlation between crystal orientation and void growth rate becomes stronger, resembling the behavior observed in isolated single crystals. Therefore, understanding the effects of crystal orientation, heterogeneous strain, and defect evolution is crucial for single crystal fracture characterization. In this work, a coupled phase-field damage (PFD) and crystal plasticity (CP) model is implemented within a finite element framework to analyze crystal deformation and failure. The CP method employs a dislocation density-based constitutive model, while intragranular failure is modeled using an anisotropic PFD method. The PFD model considers both the stored energy due to elastic stretching and the energy release due to defect formation and crack formation. A single crystal Al2219 with an intracrystalline spherical void is chosen to analyze fracture. The study finds that fracture propagation is strongly correlated with crystal orientations. This coupled CP-PFD model provides accurate failure prediction in crystalline materials by incorporating the effects of crystal orientations and existing voids. This study demonstrates how the local microstructure and defects influence plastic deformation and failure mechanisms in metal alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104372"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of recovery in the microstructure development and mechanical behavior of a ductile Mg-Zn-Nd-Y-Zr alloy: an analysis using EBSD data and crystal plasticity simulations","authors":"José Victoria-Hernández ,&nbsp;Youngung Jeong ,&nbsp;Dietmar Letzig","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A highly deformable Mg-Zn-Nd-Y-Zr alloy was investigated in terms of anisotropic and temperature-dependent mechanical behavior, with an emphasis on the microstructural changes. Uniaxial tension tests were conducted along the rolling (RD) and transverse (TD) directions at room temperature (298 K) and at 498 K, during which a series of <em>ex-situ</em> EBSD scans were obtained. In addition to quantitative texture analysis based on the EBSD scans, the relative contributions of various slip systems were estimated via slip trace analysis. Moreover, the effect of static recovery was investigated by additional two-step tension tests with intermediate annealing at 498 K. The microstructure development due to recovery was analyzed via <em>ex-situ</em> EBSD scans by analyzing the grain average misorientation, kernel average misorientation, and in-grain misorientation axis evolution. Experimental results were interpreted using crystal plasticity simulations based on the incremental elasto-visco-plastic self-consistent polycrystal model (ΔEVPSC). Remarkably, a single set of parameters sufficed to describe the complex anisotropic and temperature-dependent behavior of the Mg-Zn-Nd-Y-Zr alloy by utilizing a dislocation density-based hardening model (DDH). The recovery, mainly of non-basal dislocations, significantly affected the flow stress responses, which allowed not only to describe the hardening behavior but also the anisotropy, characterized by the R-value and texture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104380"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-equilibrium solidification complexions in additive manufacturing enable exceptional creep resistance: An example in nickel-based superalloys","authors":"Y.S. Li ,&nbsp;L.Q. Cui ,&nbsp;J.H. Xu ,&nbsp;T.Z. Xin ,&nbsp;S. Jiang ,&nbsp;Y. Li ,&nbsp;H.H. Zhang ,&nbsp;X.F. Dang ,&nbsp;S. Gao ,&nbsp;Y.H. Mu ,&nbsp;K.J. Lu ,&nbsp;J. Moverare ,&nbsp;W.F. He","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insufficient time-dependent properties at elevated temperatures, particularly creep resistance and ductility, are currently crucial factors impeding the use of additively manufactured Hastelloy X (HX). To address this limitation, a micro-nano olive-shaped carbide network was purposely introduced into HX via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and following optimized heat treatment. The inherent chemical heterogeneity combined with the sufficient stored energy of boundaries, induced by the ultrafast cooling rate of the L-PBF process, creates favorable conditions for the formation of micro-nano precipitate networks. Compared to its untreated counterpart, the optimized HX exhibited considerably improved creep resistance, with an 85 % increase in creep life and a 122 % improvement in fracture ductility. Furthermore, through multiscale characterization techniques and theoretical calculations, the preferential precipitation behavior of the micro-nano carbide networks was systematically investigated from both kinetic and thermodynamic perspectives. The superior creep resistance of the L-PBF HX, decorated with carbide networks, stems from the synergistic effects of the high cavity surface energy, effective pinning for grain boundary sliding, and reduced plasticity-assisted diffusion rate, which markedly inhibit the nucleation and growth of microvoids during high-temperature deformations. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the strengthening mechanisms associated with non-equilibrium solidification-facilitated carbide networks, providing new insights into the targeted design and optimization of L-PBF alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104379"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling hydrogen diffusion and its interaction with deformed microstructure involving phase transformation–Theory, numerical formulation, and validation","authors":"Jinheung Park ,&nbsp;Geonjin Shin ,&nbsp;Kijung Kim ,&nbsp;Taejoon Park ,&nbsp;Farhang Pourboghrat ,&nbsp;Seok Su Sohn ,&nbsp;Myoung-Gyu Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents, for the first time, a model capable of simulating the complex interactions among deformation, phase transformation, and hydrogen (H) diffusion in H-charged transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP)-assisted steel. The model integrates a crystal plasticity (CP) framework with a deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT) model and a H diffusion model while incorporating transformation-induced H release (TIHR). Furthermore, it accounts for H-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP) and H-enhanced phase transformation (HEPT) to capture the influence of H on mechanical behavior. The developed model is numerically implemented using the finite element method, and a series of case studies are conducted to systematically investigate the interplay between deformation, phase transformation, and H diffusion. The simulation results successfully support experimentally reported observations, demonstrating that phase transformation leads to a significant increase in H concentration within austenite and transformed martensite. This results in local oversaturation of H and anomalous diffusion, which are expected to contribute to increased susceptibility to H embrittlement (HE). These findings suggest that metastable austenite is significantly more susceptible to HE than stable austenite. Overall, the proposed model enhances the understanding of the intricate mechanisms governing H-charged TRIP-assisted steels, providing valuable insights for designing materials with improved resistance to HE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104377"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144193303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lüders band-assisted high uniform ductility in ultrastrong ferrous medium-entropy alloy via hierarchical microstructure","authors":"Hyeonseok Kwon ,&nbsp;Jae Heung Lee ,&nbsp;Alireza Zargaran ,&nbsp;Stefanus Harjo ,&nbsp;Wu Gong ,&nbsp;Jaemin Wang ,&nbsp;Gang Hee Gu ,&nbsp;Byeong-Joo Lee ,&nbsp;Jae Wung Bae ,&nbsp;Hyoung Seop Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we harness a hierarchical microstructure to tailor both the strengthening and deformation mechanisms of Co₂₁Cr_12.5Fe₅₅Ni₄Mo_7.5 (at %) ferrous medium-entropy alloy (MEA) simultaneously. A simple thermomechanical processing (cold rolling and 90 s of annealing) creates a hierarchical microstructure composed of ultrafine recrystallized grains, non-recrystallized grains with rolling-driven substructures, and intragranular nanoprecipitates. The hierarchical microstructure with the high density of dislocations and ultrafine recrystallized grains leads to a high yield strength of ∼1.60 GPa, but it is well-known that the same features can make materials vulnerable to premature fracture. To solve this issue, Lüders deformation, which was induced by the ultrafine grain boundaries and stress-induced martensitic transformation facilitated by pre-existing martensite nucleation sites, was harnessed: stable propagation of the Lüders band delays massive strain hardening by regulating strain-induced martensitic deformation that ensues and enables a large uniform ductility. Resultantly, tensile strength of ∼1.84 GPa and uniform elongation of ∼20 % are achieved, on par with the finest tensile properties among multi-principal element alloys ever reported. Our results point to a paradigm to achieve a large uniform ductility via harnessing the Lüders deformation without compromising strength, based on the hierarchical microstructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104378"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}