Radiation Medicine and Protection最新文献

{"title":"A summary of UNSCEAR 2019 report on lung cancer from exposure to radon and research needs","authors":"Jing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The annex B of the UNSCEAR 2019 Report presented a comprehensive review of dosimetric and epidemiological assessments published in the period 2006 to 2017 for deriving conversion factors for calculating the dose from a given exposure to radon (²²²Rn). The conversion factor is needed for comparison purposes with other sources of radiation exposure. Even though extensive research has been conducted, uncertainties remain large. Given that the uncertainties from both dosimetric and epidemiological studies give rise to a broad range of risk estimates and the fact that values from the current dosimetry and epidemiological reviews are consistent with those used in previous UNSCEAR reports, the Committee recommends the continued use of the dose conversion factor of 9 nSv⋅ ​(h⋅Bq⋅m⁻³)⁻¹ equilibrium equivalent concentration of ²²²Rn for estimating radon exposure levels to a population. This paper summarizes the findings of UNSCEAR's scientific evaluations and its decision regarding the dose conversion factor for population exposure to radon. Research needs for better assessing doses to the lung and risks of lung cancer from exposure to radon are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 215-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141032377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA damage repair meets radiation: Better radiotherapy based on study of the underlying mechanisms","authors":"Ruixue Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Page 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141849728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum regarding missing ethics approval statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 277-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial note to previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 279-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on radon levels in soil and water associated with Mount Tampomas geothermal activity in Indonesia","authors":"Heri Nurohman ,&nbsp;Eka Djatnika Nugraha ,&nbsp;Teuku Yan W.M. Iskandarsyah ,&nbsp;Hendarmawan Hendarmawan","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate radon emanation in geothermal manifestations around Mount Tampomas, West Java, Indonesia, and assess radon concentrations in soil and water samples.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Radon measurements were conducted using the Durridge Rad7 instrument, supplemented with a soil gas probe for <em>in-situ</em> soil radon measurements at a depth of 80 ​cm. <em>In-situ</em> water radon measurements were performed using the Rad Aqua instrument, while radon measurements for hot water samples were conducted separately. Radon measurements for hot water samples were corrected for decay using a radon decay correction factor.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis of radon measurements revealed a wide range of concentrations in soil and water samples. Soil radon concentrations ranged from 15 Bq/m³ to 4,660 Bq/m³, with localized hotspots exhibiting exceptionally high concentrations. Water radon measurements showed elevated levels, ranging from 0.2 Bq/L to 13.4 Bq/L <em>in-situ</em>, particularly in hot springs. In collected water samples, radon concentrations ranged from 1 Bq/L to 6 Bq/L. These combined results highlight significant variability in radon levels across different water sources influenced by geothermal activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings indicate active emanation processes influenced by geological factors and underscore the role of subsurface geology and aquifer characteristics in radon transport mechanisms. The presence of localized radon hotspots suggests the need for comprehensive monitoring and proactive management strategies to mitigate environmental and public health risks associated with radon exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 248-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the regeneration of activated carbon adsorbed with radon by using a deep depressurization method","authors":"Yong Zhu,&nbsp;Detao Xiao,&nbsp;Xiangyuan Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a heating-free, rapid, and efficient method for the regeneration of activated carbon by introducing deep depressurization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A validation experimental setup was designed to systematically investigate the impacts of various desorption methods, durations, and conditions on the desorption effectiveness of activated carbon with adsorbed radon and water. Consecutive repetitive and expanded experiments were carried out.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The combination of continuous ventilation and deep depressurization was proved the most effective in the desorption of activated carbon. Considering factors such as overall energy consumption and time, the optimal desorption duration for activated carbon was determined at 2 ​h. Reducing the relative humidity of radon-laden air and increasing the desorption environmental temperature significantly enhanced the desorption rate. Under a temperature range of 24–25°C, a relative humidity range of 5%–15%, and a flow rate of 0.3 ​L/min, a desorption rate of 85% was achieved for 122.5 ​g of activated carbon after 2 ​h of desorption. Moreover, the desorption results remained stable throughout 10 repetitions. Further experiments on a kilogram-scale activated carbon bed demonstrate that under a vacuum level meeting the requirement for moisture evaporation and an appropriate flow rate, the desorption rate of the activated carbon reached that of a smaller activated carbon bed, independent of the shape of the activated carbon bed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The deep depressurization method shows great promise as a rapid and efficient online method for the regeneration of activated carbon with adsorbed radon and water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 260-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristic parameters and radon exhalation rates of aerated concrete blocks","authors":"Yanchao Song ,&nbsp;Junlin Wang ,&nbsp;Hongxing Cui ,&nbsp;Bing Shang ,&nbsp;Changsong Hou ,&nbsp;Yunyun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To understand the characteristic parameters and radon exhalation rates of aerated concrete blocks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 39 nationally inspected samples were measured. Their dry density was determined based on their mass and volumes, their porosities were measured on the principle of volumetric expansion, and their radium content was determined using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector for gamma-ray spectroscopy. Furthermore, their diffusion lengths were quantified by establishing a combined cumulative and diffusion chamber, and their radon exhalation rates were measured through closed-box testing using a continuous radon monitor.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The aerated concrete blocks exhibited dry densities ranging from 464 to 840 ​kg/m³ [average: (654.0 ​± ​82.5) kg/m³], open porosities from 67.1% to 81.1% [average: (74.3 ​± ​3.3) %, radium (²²⁶Ra) content from 12.3 to 136 Bq/kg [average: (63.0 ​± ​30.4) Bq/kg], diffusion lengths from 0.49 to 1.01 ​m [average: (0.70 ​± ​0.15) m], and radon exhalation rates from 0.6 to 22.8 Bq·m⁻²·h⁻¹ [average: (7.3 ​± ​5.3) Bq·m⁻²·h⁻¹].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Aerated concrete blocks exhibit significantly higher porosities, diffusion lengths, and radon exhalation rates than traditional concrete and clay bricks. These blocks might contribute to the high indoor radon concentration observed in modern buildings in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 233-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockdown of the nucleoporin Nup50 protects cells against ionizing radiation through enhancing DNA-PKcs-mediated DNA damage repair","authors":"Zhijie Wan ,&nbsp;Jingwen Gu ,&nbsp;Songyun Zhao ,&nbsp;Hang Jia ,&nbsp;Tingting Liu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Yanyong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the effect and mechanism of Nup50 on radiation-induced DNA damage repair to radiation and explore the potential role of Nup50 as radioprotective target.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The Nup50 gene was knocked down in HUVEC cells using lentiviruses. Colony formation, CCK-8, and flow cytometry were performed to determine the viability, proliferation and apoptosis of HUVEC cells treated with γ-rays，respectively. The extent of DNA damage was evaluated by using comet assay and immunofluorescence staining against γ-H2AX. In addition, we explored the role of Nup50 in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways through western blotting assay. Finally, nuclear and chromatin fractionation were performed to determine the potential molecular mechanism underlying the radiation protection function of Nup50 knockdown.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Nup50 knockdown increased the cellular resistance to ionizing radiation. The CCK-8 data showed that cell viability was significantly increased in the Nup50 knockdown group after radiation (<em>t</em> ​= ​4.23, <em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.01). The Nup50 knockdown group also showed more survived colonies (<em>t</em> ​= ​10.06, <em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.001), less apoptosis rate (<em>t</em> ​= ​3.78, <em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.05) and less unrepaired DNA damage. Furthermore, Nup50 knockdown increased radiation-activated phosphorylation levels of DNA-PKcs in HUVEC cells. Finally, the nuclear and chromatin fractionation data showed that inhibiting Nup50 increased the recruitment of DNA-PKcs to chromatin after DNA damage.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings revealed that Nup50 knockdown promoted radioresistance in normal HUVEC cells by regulating DNA-PKcs pathway, suggesting Nup50 as a potential target for radiation protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 194-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266655572400056X/pdfft?md5=d2155b2199bc1194ef56c1f1d010a931&pid=1-s2.0-S266655572400056X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tacrolimus may play a role in dermatitis and radiation-induced skin injury through cellular senescence","authors":"Jie Chen,&nbsp;Ling Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Skin Exposure of skin to ionizing radiation can induce acute or chronic biological effects, resulting in radiation-induced skin injury (RSI). Premature cellular senescence, caused by oxidative stress and/or DNA damage from chemical or physical agents, leads to the decrease of cellular proliferation and physiological function. Persistent DNA damage and accumulation of senescent cells are associated with the progression of radiation-induced injury. Atopic dermatitis and RSI have similar inflammatory symptoms. The treatment of tacrolimus (TAC) in atopic dermatitis may be associated with premature cellular senescence. TAC can prevent the onset of cellular senescence by inactivating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 ​MAPK). The activation of p38 ​MAPK can induce the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) by enhancing the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), which ultimately leads to premature cellular senescence. FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) exhibits resistance to ionizing radiation, but the mechanism of TAC regulation of ionizing radiation-induced premature senescence still needs further study. This review discusses the mechanism of cellular senescence in RSI and the role of TAC in both dermatitis and RSI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 161-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555724000558/pdfft?md5=61a3b5051ddcfb38f2eab1a90f6102e7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555724000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on healthcare level and its relationship with medical radiation in China","authors":"Shiyue Cui,&nbsp;Yinping Su,&nbsp;Hui Xu,&nbsp;Quanfu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the health-care level (HCL), one of the most extensively used indicators to assess the level of medical exposure, and its influencing factors in China.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Based on the data from the <em>China Statistical Yearbook</em> of the National Bureau of Statistics and other public documents, HCL was calculated in terms of the number of physicians per head of population throughout the country. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association of HCL with main socioeconomic factors, including population size, area, number of administrative divisions and gross domestic product (GDP).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Since 2015, there has been at least one physician for every 1,000 people in China on average. However, by 2019, there has yet been one physician for more than 1,000 people in each of two provinces. By 2020, there was at least one physician for every 1,000 people across all 31 provincial-level administrative districts (provinces). The population size and GDP were the influencing factors on HCL, with correlation coefficients of 0.416 and −0.583, respectively. Furthermore, a moderate correlation was found between HCL and the frequency of medical exposure (FME) to ionizing radiation (<em>r</em> ​= ​−0.620, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.028).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There has been at least one physician for every 1,000 people since 2015, but there are great differences between various provinces. HCL as an indicator to evaluate level of medical exposure is warranted further research in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 201-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555724000534/pdfft?md5=37110ad7850003c3513c8c05fcf95abd&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555724000534-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}