Addiction and Health最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Smoking Cessation Success Rate and Its Effective Factors in Patients Referring to the Smoking Cessation Clinic of Farshchian Specialized Heart Hospital in Hamadan, Iran.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Seif Rabei, Jalaleddin Amiri, Elham Khanlarzadeh, Hasan Davari, Zahra Sanaei","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1685","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The success or failure of quitting smoking is determined by various factors in smoking cessation clinics. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of smoking cessation success in smoking cessation clinic patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on all smokers referring to the smoking cessation clinic of the Farshchian Specialized Heart Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, during 2017-2021. Patient's demographic and smoking information were included in checklists, the Fagerström questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) by the clinic physician. The smoking cessation interventions, including CBT behavior therapy and drug therapy, were conducted based on the patient's preference and the physician's discretion. The sessions were continued for at least four sessions with an interval of one week. After the sessions, the patients were followed up four times: One, three, six, and twelve months later.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The present study was conducted on 136 patients (95.6% male) who completed the sessions. The average smoking duration was 23.33 years, with a cigarette consumption rate of 21.83 cigarettes per day. One-year quit success rate was 60.2%. Significant associations were also found between successful quitting and older age of smoking initiation, presence of non-communicable diseases and psychiatric disorders, and urban residence (<i>P</i><0.05). Logistic regression identified that achieving early complete abstinence (OR: 0.23, <i>P</i>=0.003) and not using e-cigarettes (OR: 3.89, <i>P</i>=0.012) significantly increased the odds of success. Varenicline was the primary medication, with 32.4% reporting side effects, mainly nausea.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results, the academic clinic can be effective in helping patients to quit smoking as a major risk factor in many non-communicable diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1685"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Article 5.3 of the WHO FCTC: A smokescreen?","authors":"Alain Braillon","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1759","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1759","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Online and Offline Gambling Among Medical Sciences Students in Central-Southern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Yunes Jahani, Maryam Chegeni, Elham Sharifpoor, Reza Tabrizi, Alireza Dehghani, Farzan Madadizadeh, Razieh Najafi, Saiedeh Haji-Maghsoudi, Mohammad Reza Baneshi, Milad Ahmadi Gohari","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1704","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gambling, as a high-risk behavior among university students, may pose a serious threat to their mental and physical health. This study aimed to identify the primary determinants of online and offline gambling prevalence among students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 892 students selected from three major medical universities in Central-Southern Iran, using convenience sampling. Lifetime and past-year online and offline gambling using a structured questionnaire. Survey-weighted univariate and multiple logistic regressions examined associations between variables and gambling prevalence.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The prevalence of offline gambling was [17.89% (95% CI: (15.45%, 20.61%)] in the past year and [26.48%, 95% CI: (23.63%, 29.53%)] over a lifetime. The prevalence of online gambling was [13.61%, 95% CI: (11.45%, 16.09%)] in the past year and [19.45%, 95% CI: (16.92%, 22.26%)] over a lifetime. Excitement and challenge [OR=3.22, 95% CI: (1.43,7.26)] and having suicidal thoughts [OR=2.98, 95% CI: (1.18,7.49)] were both factors that increased the odds of lifetime offline gambling. Also, factors such as earning money [OR=4.44, 95% CI: (1.69, 11.70)], the use of mobile phones and computers [OR=3.14, 95% CI: (1.50, 6.60)], and having a sexual relationship outside of marriage [OR=2.22, 95% CI: (1.19, 4.14)] increased the odds of lifetime online gambling. Participating in sports activities reduced the odds of lifetime online gambling [OR=0.23, 95% CI: (0.10, 0.54)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-risk activities increase the chance of constantly engaging in gambling. Seeking excitement and spending more time on mobile and computer games puts students at greater risk of gambling. Effectively preventing harm requires addressing youth challenges, promoting responsible digital engagement, and developing recreational facilities, especially sports venues.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initiation of Smoking After Electroconvulsive Therapy in a Non-Smoker Patient with Major Depression: A Case Report.","authors":"Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini, Raheleh Rafaiee","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1747","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-established intervention for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). Although the neurobiological ramifications of ECT, particularly in relation to the mesolimbic dopaminergic system, have been correlated with the modulation of reward and reinforcement pathways, the capacity of ECT to influence substance-related behaviors remains inadequately elucidated. We report the case of a 42-year-old Iranian woman with a 14-year history of treatment-resistant MDD and no prior history of tobacco or other substance use. Following a second session of inpatient ECT, the patient experienced a sudden and intense craving for cigarettes, leading to the immediate initiation of daily smoking. This pattern of tobacco use persisted for several years, despite multiple motivated attempts at cessation. The patient's psychiatric management included standard pharmacotherapy and supportive interventions, but ongoing nicotine dependence remained challenging. There was no personal or family history of substance use, and no exposure to smoking in the inpatient setting, aside from a shared room with a smoker in a different ward. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of cigarette smoking initiation following ECT in a non-smoking patient with MDD. The case underscores the need for heightened clinical vigilance and further investigation into ECT's effects on addictive vulnerability and reward processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Pharmacotherapy, Low-Level Laser Therapy, and Behavioral Counseling on Tobacco Cessation: A Parallel Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Neha Shukla, Zainab Akram, Mahesh Ravindra Khairnar, Naveen Kumar Pg, Jadhav Sachin Kumar, Savitha Priyadarsini Santhanam","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1673","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nicotine lozenges help reduce nicotine gradually. They are a discreet NRT alternative. This study compared nicotine dependence, cotinine levels, quit rates, and physical effects before and after one month of NRT lozenges, laser therapy, and counselling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomised controlled trial tested nicotine lozenges, laser therapy, and counselling. This trial included 75 participants (25 per group) over one month. Seventy-five participants were divided into three groups of 25. The \"Jus-Check^TM Rapid Nicotine Test\" was used. Laser therapy targeted both ears weekly for four weeks, with counselling provided weekly. Primary outcomes included nicotine dependence, cotinine levels (saliva/urine), and quit rates; whereas, secondary outcomes included physical effects before and after intervention.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The results showed a significant decrease in nicotine dependence and cotinine (<i>P</i><0.001) in all groups. However, differences between groups and quit rates were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nicotine lozenges are as effective as laser therapy and counselling for quitting smokeless tobacco. This approach reduces dependence, lowers cotinine, increases quit rates, and improves physical effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Personality Traits and Psychological Resilience of University Students on Psychological Dependence on Cigarettes.","authors":"Nurgül Ozdemir, Hacer Kabakoğlu, Arzu Çalışkan, Füsun Fakılı","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1708","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Personality traits and psychological resilience are known to influence addictive behaviors, including smoking. This study aimed to examine the relationship between university students' personality traits, resilience, and their psychological dependence on smoking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive and correlational design was employed. The study included 214 university students. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and the Test to Assess Psychological Dependence on Smoking (TAPDS). Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between variables.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The mean scores were 12.92 for the EPQR-A, 18.08 for the BRS, and 53.13 for the TAPDS. A significant positive correlation was observed between TAPDS total scores and the extraversion and psychoticism subdimensions of the EPQR-A. Conversely, a significant negative correlation was found with the lie subdimension (<i>P</i><0.001). These results indicate that personality traits are associated with variations in psychological dependence on smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing smoking dependence among university students should consider individual personality traits. Approaches that strengthen psychological resilience may be particularly effective in mitigating addiction levels. Both psychological and behavioral strategies targeting resilience are recommended to support students in preventing and reducing cigarette dependence.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1708"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Connectivity: the Relationship Between Nomophobia, Loneliness, and Psychological Distress in Adolescents.","authors":"Anjali Rathee, Priyanshi Dixit, Tejshwi Dabi","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1691","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nomophobia is an experience when someone is separated from a mobile phone, which is becoming increasingly common among adolescents and may be associated with heightened psychological distress and feelings of loneliness. Despite its growing relevance, research on its effects in school-aged populations remains limited, especially within the Indian context. The present study sought to explore the relationship between nomophobia, loneliness, and psychological distress among adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was carried out among 358 students aged 14-18 years using purposive sampling. Data were collected through validated and standardized tools and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression to determine predictors of psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Mild nomophobia was most prevalent (50.3%), followed by moderate (25.1%) and severe (16.2%) levels. Nomophobia was found to be positively correlated with every component (depression: r=0.16, <i>P</i><0.05; anxiety: r=0.14, <i>P</i><0.05; stress: r=0.19, <i>P</i><0.05) of DASS-21. However, no significant association was found between nomophobia and loneliness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nomophobia appeared to be widespread among adolescents and showed a significant association with elevated emotional distress. While no relationship with loneliness emerged, the results suggest that greater reliance on mobile phones may heighten psychological vulnerability. Interventions promoting digital literacy and healthy media habits are warranted to mitigate nomophobia-related distress in youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Use, Smoking, and Their Association with Early Onset and Severity of Psoriasis: a Case-Control Study.","authors":"Shankar Siddhan, Jesna Johnson, K S Ravishankar","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1737","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder shaped by genetic, immune, and environmental factors. Alcohol and smoking may worsen the severity and trigger early onset. This study evaluated their prevalence, patterns, and impact among male patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care center, including 153 male psoriasis patients and 153 age-matched male controls. Data were collected on alcohol use, smoking status, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and Addiction Severity Index (ASI). Appropriate statistical analyses were applied.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Alcohol use was more frequent in cases than controls (60.8% vs. 44.4%, <i>P</i>=0.005). Among cases, alcohol users had earlier psoriasis onset (30.5 vs. 35.2 years, <i>P</i>=0.002), higher AUDIT (18.6 vs. 15.2, <i>P</i>=0.003), and higher ASI scores (20.1 vs. 14.2, <i>P</i><0.001). PASI correlated with AUDIT (r=0.29, <i>P</i>=0.005), ASI (r=0.32, <i>P</i>=0.002), smoking pack-years (r=0.25, <i>P</i>=0.016), and inversely with onset age (r=-0.27, <i>P</i>=0.008). In pustular psoriasis, alcohol users had higher PASI (27.8 vs. 22.1, <i>P</i>=0.014) and earlier onset (28.7 vs. 34.1 years, <i>P</i>=0.009). Logistic regression identified alcohol use, AUDIT, ASI, and smoking as predictors of psoriasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alcohol use, smoking, and addiction severity are linked with early-onset psoriasis and greater severity, particularly in pustular subtypes, underscoring the need for lifestyle modification and targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1737"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Modulatory Role of Nicotine and Alcohol in State-Dependent Learning and Memory.","authors":"Saba Niknamfar, Hamed Ghazvini, Mahshid Naseri, Mohammadreza Zarrindast, Raheleh Rafaiee, Seyedeh Masoumeh Seyedhosseini Tamijani, Moazamehosadat Razavinasab","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1602","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>State-dependent learning occurs when memories formed under specific conditions or drug influence are best retrieved in the same state. Though complex, its mechanisms are not fully understood. Nicotine and ethanol are key substances affecting this process. This review highlights recent findings on state-dependent memory and examines the impact of these substances. Research involved defining questions and searching databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords such as \"nicotine,\" \"ethanol,\" and \"state-dependent learning.\" Both substances influence memory, either enhancing or impairing it through intricate mechanisms. Studies show nicotine and ethanol together can trigger state-dependent learning, involving neurotransmitter interactions in brain regions like the amygdala and hippocampus during memory formation and retrieval.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Invasive Detection of Opioid Addiction through Serum Analysis Using FTIR Spectroscopy.","authors":"Zozan Guleken, Zerrin Günceler, İbrahim Sönmez, Mihriban Varan, Devrim Sarıbal, Hasan Mırsal, Zeynep Ceylan, Jozef Cebulski, Joanna Depciuch","doi":"10.34172/ahj.1660","DOIUrl":"10.34172/ahj.1660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Opioid addiction is a widespread chronic disorder associated with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. The impact of chronic opioid use on the serum biochemical profile remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to characterize serum biochemical profiles using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and evaluate their ability to differentiate opioid users from healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples were obtained from control individuals (n=40) and opioid use disorder (n=30) patients. FTIR spectroscopy was performed to obtain serum spectral profiles. To evaluate spectral differences and group discrimination based on biochemical profiles, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were applied.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>FTIR spectra exhibited similar peak positions but significantly different absorbance values between groups. Phospholipid (1081 and 1246 cm^-1), amide (1321, 1543, 1636, and 3276 cm^-1), and lipid (1738, 2857, 2872, 2927, and 2957 cm^-1) bands showed reduced absorbance in the opioid group. Phospholipid absorbance at 1081 cm^-1 was significantly lower in opioid users than controls (<i>P</i><0.001). PCA demonstrated clear separation between groups, with the first three PCs explaining 97.34% of the total variance. HCA further confirmed distinct clustering by serum biochemical profile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our analysis successfully characterized serum biochemical alterations associated with opioid use disorder and effectively discriminated opioid users from healthy controls. The observed spectral differences confirmed the potential utility of FTIR spectroscopy as a rapid, minimally invasive approach for biochemical profiling and monitoring opioid-associated molecular changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"1660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}