The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness最新文献

{"title":"Does Vitamin E Influence Oxidative Stress And Renal Anaemia In Haemodialysed Patients","authors":"S. El-Azab, H. Morsy, E. El-Adawy, Amal K. Seleem","doi":"10.21608/MJFMCT.2007.48859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/MJFMCT.2007.48859","url":null,"abstract":"There is increasing evidence that oxygen radicals are involved in the progression of renal damage and of uraemic symptoms. Haemodialysis (HD) is known to be one major cause of oxidative stress. Renal anaemia is one of the main complications seen in HD patients and resulting from many pathogenic factors. In this study we aimed to evaluate the role of oxidative stress as a contributing factor in renal anaemia through studying the effect of vit E supplementation as an antioxidant on the markers of oxidative stress as well as on hemoglobin in HD patients. Subjects and methods: Erythrocyte activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), selenium (Se), total protein levels, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and haematocrit (Hct %) were measured in 43 haemodialysed patients and compared with 20 healthy, age matched controls. After 12 weeks of vitamin E supplementation in a dosage of 400 mg/day, the baseline parameters were reassessed in the same patients group. Results: Mean plasma level of MDA was significantly higher in HD patients (p<0.0001) than in healthy controls. The erythrocyte activity of SOD, GSH-Px, plasma level of selenium and hemoglobin concentration were significantly lower (p<0.0001). Furthermore, there was an inverse correlation between plasma levels of MDA and hemoglobin concentration (r=-0.62, p=0.002). After vit E supplementation there were statistically significant increase in erythrocyte activity of GSH-Px and SOD (p<0.0001), decrease in MDA concentrations (p<0.0001) and non significant increase in selenium level, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit. Conclusions: Redox imbalance in HD patients might be a contributing factor in renal anaemia. Treatment with vit E might decrease radical generation effectively in HD patients with insignificant effect on renal anaemia.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128746666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of ICDS program in delivery of nutritional services and functional integration between anganwadi and health worker in north India","authors":"S. Prinja, R. Verma, S. Lal","doi":"10.5580/415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/415","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Integrated Child Development Services ICDS program is poised for universal implementation in India to provide services to children, pregnant and lactating women and adolescent girls in close coordination with the health services for improvement of health status and overall holistic development of children and other beneficiaries. However there remain questions on its effectiveness in delivering desired services.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130550345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constipation: How does it exist?","authors":"Samet Yalc n, E. Ergül, E. Geçim","doi":"10.5580/1ea0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1ea0","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Functional defecation disorders are common and affect approximately 50% of patients with chronic constipation. The etiology of functional defecation disorders is not well known, but several pathophysiologic mechanisms have been described, including failure of rectoanal coordination, paradoxical anal contraction or insufficient relaxation of anal sphincter during defecation and impairment of rectal sensation as well as secondary slowing of colonic transit. Aim of this manuscript is to review the pathogenesis and surgical treatment of constipation. Method: An extensive Medline search, textbooks, scientific reports and scientific journals are the data sources. We also reviewed reference lists in all articles retrieved in the search as well as those of major texts regarding pathogenesis and surgical treatment of constipation. Results: There are many studies about the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of constipation. Also there are many medical and surgical treatment strategies were developed. Conclusion: The patients with constipation symptom must be evaluated carefully, and medical treatment must be tried after differential diagnosis is made. Only in patients that do not respond to the medical, surgical treatment can be considered.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122098069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking: Its Health Effects and Cessation","authors":"A. O. Oni, A. O. Eweka, P. Otuaga","doi":"10.5580/7b0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/7b0","url":null,"abstract":"Cigarette smoke is linked to increased frequency of pulmonary infection, airway hyper-reactivity and chronic inflammation. It is a cause of death which can be prevented. Smoking prevention and cessation are the vital intervention which health care workers especially Doctors can achieve in improving the health of their patients. Worldwide about 4million people die annually from tobacco related illnesses and by 2030 it is estimated that this value will rise to 10million deaths each year and that 70% of these deaths will be in the developing world due to its increasing rate of smoking. Smoking cessation reduces mortality and morbidity. Its benefit starts from the time a smoker stops smoking and this depends on the duration of cessation. Outright cigarette prohibition may not be feasible but the examples of parents, teachers, sports men and women, politicians and the general public is vital in the cessation of smoking. The epidemics of smoking related mortality and morbidity should therefore be the concern of all levels of the society. We hereby advocate that health care workers should play a leading role in providing and creating a tobacco free society.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123910564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study On Knowledge And Practice Of Mothers Regarding Infant Feeding And Nutritional Status Of Under-Five Children Attending Immunisation Clinic Of A Medical College","authors":"S. Chatterjee, S. Saha","doi":"10.5580/26df","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/26df","url":null,"abstract":"India is a third world war country. Since independence, one of the gravest problems India is confronting with is malnutrition among under-5 children. As in other developing nations, malnourishment is a burden on considerable percentage of population, the most vulnerable being the youngest group of the society. About two-third of the under-five children of our country is malnourished. Among them, 5-8% are severely malnourished while rest fall in the group of mild or moderate malnutrition. So it can be said that malnutrition is one of the most widespread conditions affecting child health. The 'germ' of malnutrition 'infects' a foetus in the intra-uterine life due to lack of sufficient antenatal care on part of the mother. The condition deteriorates further when after birth the infant is deprived of exclusive breast feeding or initiation of weaning is delayed. Weaning should be started after the age of 6 months and should contain energy rich semi-solid food. Malnutrition makes a child susceptible to infections and delays recovery, thus increasing mortality and morbidity. Every time an innocent child suffers the curse of malnutrition; the responsibility goes to the mother, the family and to the community due to their faulty or no knowledge regarding the harmful effects of prelacteal feeding, benefits of exclusive breast feeding and initiation of proper weaning at the correct time. It is to be realized that a million children die worldwide each year because they are not breast fed. Several millions who survive suffer from acute or chronic illness related to harmful effects of artificial feeding. These sufferings are unnecessary and are the preventable ones by discouraging bottle feeding and initiating efforts to bring back the breast feeding culture. On this background, a project has been carried out under the above mentioned title, which is discussed in detail in the pages to follow. A study like this is very much essential to estimate graveness of the situation so that effective and adequate measures can be taken at the individual, family, community and government levels to combat the curse of malnourishment.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131674997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation Of Nutritional Status By Different Parameters And To Predict Spontaneous Closure, Morbidity And Mortality In Patients With Enterocutaneous Fistulas: A Study Of 92 Cases","authors":"Rajpal Singh","doi":"10.5580/1f9c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1f9c","url":null,"abstract":"92 patients of enterocutaneous fistula are evaluated for their nutritional status at the time of presentation by clinical, biochemical, functional evaluation and discriminant analysis. Study reveals that serum transferrin level > 140 mg /dl correlates well with the spontaneous closure of entercoutaneous fistulas and mortality among these patients is low. (P < 0.005), Serum albumin 3gm/dl has good prognostic value for enterocutaneous fistulas ( P < 0.005), Prognostic nutritional index <40 (low risk) have significantly less mortality and high fistula closure rate (P <0.02), and triceps skinfold thickness and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity seems to have good correlation with fistula closure rate and mortality but necessitate further study for proper statistical analysis. Proper evaluation of Nutritional Status in patients with entercoutaneous fistulas is an important and integral part of management of patients to select for aggressive nutritional support to decrease morbidity and mortality in these patients.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131285311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Thiamine Level in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women in Zaria, Nigeria","authors":"A. Danborno, A. Adelaiye, K. V. Olorunshola, B. Danborno","doi":"10.5580/2846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2846","url":null,"abstract":"Scientists have been advocating nutrient supplementation especially for pregnant women. This supplementation has included nutrients like vitamins A, folic acid, iron and recently thiamine to combat the development of congenital anomalies and to achieve a better pregnancy outcome. This study investigated the status of thiamine in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Blood samples was collected from 179 women for the thiamine analysis, 72 pregnant women were assessed for thiamine level in second trimester, 56 for third trimester and 51 non-pregnant women served as control. For thiamine analysis, the result showed a significant decrease (P<0.001) from the control (47.90 ± 25.93) to third trimester (27.09 ± 10.69). There was also significant (P<0.001) difference between control, educated pregnant and non-educated pregnant women in second and third trimester. Mean serum thiamine level decreased significantly (P<0.001) from those in tertiary level of education (61.17 ± 41.89) to those who are not educated (27.72 ± 12.72) and also between control and pregnant women according to age groups (P<0.001). In general there was a significant decrease in serum thiamine level in the pregnant women which is similar compared with other studies. Significant difference was observed in serum thiamine between educated and non-educated women. Overall there is a need for thiamine supplementation in pregnant women whether educated or not.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115792011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multilevel analysis of the effect of household wealth inequality on under-five child under-nutrition: Evidence from the 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey","authors":"O. Uthman","doi":"10.5580/1904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1904","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the association between household wealth inequality and childhood under-nutrition. The second aim was to determine whether there is significant neighborhood variation in childhood malnutrition and whether neighborhood variation is explained by health risk factors at the individual-level and community-level. Design: Multilevel logistic regression analysis was applied on 5079 children nested within 171 communities Setting: The 2003 Domestic and Health Survey data from Nigeria Main outcome: Under-five malnutrition: Stunting, underweight, and wasting Main results: The results indicated that the household wealth status had strong negative effects on both stunting and underweight, but not on wasting. The effect was stronger on stunting than on underweight. The odds of stunting decline monotonically with increase in economic status. The relationship remains unchanged when controlling for child's age, sex, birth order, duration of breast-feeding and mother's characteristics (age at childbirth, BMI and education). With household wealth status and other factors controlled, the child's sex, breastfeeding duration, household size, and mothers' education attainment all have statistically significant effects on risk of stunting. Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that household wealth status is an important determinant of chronic childhood malnutrition, and that there is significant neighborhood variation in childhood malnutrition, even after controlling for effects of both individualand community-level characteristics. These findings have important implications for targeting policy as well as the search for left-out variables that might account for this unexplained variation.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126762422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Chromium Picolinate/Biotin Supplementation with Diabetes Education on Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Program","authors":"V. Juturu, J. Komorowski","doi":"10.5580/188f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/188f","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: An open-labeled, 12-week controlled study was conducted to determine the effects of diabetes education with the combination of chromium picolinate (CP) with biotin supplementation on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and PPG levels in people with type 2 DM( N =23) who were on prescribed oral medications for at least the previous 6 months, HbA1c >7%, and at least a one-year history of type 2 DM. These subjects received a combination of CP (300mcg Cr) and biotin (150mcg) twice daily for 3 months. Baseline glucose values were compared to glucose levels at 15 days, 30 days, 60 days and 90 days treatment. Risk factors such as blood pressure, smoking, family history, exercise, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Results: Patients given diabetes education and taking the dietary supplement showed a significant decrease in PPG (p<0.01) and FBG (p<0.05) levels at the end of 3 months supplementation. No significant changes were observed in BMI and blood pressure. Conclusion: The combination of diabetes education with CP and biotin supplement is efficacious, and likely useful as a nutritional adjuvant with hypoglycemic medications to help lower elevated blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes. Controlled double blind clinical studies are ongoing to explore the mechanism of action and to study the effect of the CP and biotin combination on diabetes risk factors.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127745267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephrotoxicity Caused By The Extract Of Alstonia Boonei (De Wild) Stem Bark In Guinea Pigs","authors":"G. Oze, H. Nwanjo, G. Onyeze","doi":"10.5580/398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/398","url":null,"abstract":"The renal effect of 50 and 200mg/kg extract of the stem bark of Alstonia boonei (De Wild) was studied in guinea-pigs of mixed sexes weighing 0.55 – 1.30kg for 2 and 4 weeks respectively. The animals were divided into six groups of 10 animals each. Groups 1 and 4 served as controls for the 2 and 4 weeks of the protocols respectively. Group 2 and 5 received 50mg/kg of the extract for 2 & 4 weeks respectively, while groups 3 and 6 received 200mg/kg of the drug product. By the 4th week, the animals in the test groups significantly lost weights (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the weights of the kidneys (pc0.05) at the end of two weeks. 200mg/kg raised the blood urea level significantly (51.4  6.12t and 31.6  8.3c mg/dl) (p<0.05). Other renal parameters such as creatinine, potassium, and chloride ions were significantly raised (p<0.05) especially at 200 mg/kg dose and by the 4th week. Serum sodium and bicarbonate levels were reduced non-significantly at 50mg/kg 200mg/kg (sodium), and significantly at 50 and 200mg/kg for bicarbonate by the 4th week, relative to controls (p<0.05). The kidney cells showed obvious histological changes as a result of the administration of the extract. The plant extract may be nephrotoxic based on the results. Further studies would be needed to confirm the reproducibility of the present study.","PeriodicalId":339404,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130646627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}