{"title":"The Effect of Exchange Rate and Exchange Rate Uncertainty on Domestic Consumption in SAARC Member Countries from 2005 to 2020","authors":"Najibullah Arshad, Noruddin Ahmadi, Farhad Behrangi, Sayed Taleb Alavi, Mustafa Ibrahimi","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"The exchange rate and its uncertainty are the key economic variables that influence other macroeconomic variables through various channels. Domestic consumption will be influenced by the exchange rate and its uncertainty. This research investigates the impact of the exchange rate and its uncertainty on the private sector consumption of the member countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) from 2005 to 2020. The data has been extracted from the World Bank websites, the Asian Development Bank, and the Ministry of Finance of Afghanistan. The uncertainty of the exchange rate data has been extracted using the ARCH method, and the research model has been estimated using the GLS method. The research results indicate that the exchange rate and its uncertainty have a significant and positive effect on private-sector consumption. The positive relationship between the exchange rate and its uncertainty with consumption is consistent with the theory of currency pass-through. Additionally, the impact of income on domestic consumption is positive and statistically significant, while the impact of government consumption expenditure on private-sector consumption is negative and significant.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139839941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fine Balance as An Indian Politic Background Representation","authors":"Ali Assi Hussein","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a fine representation of '' a fine balance a novel written by Rohinton Mistry a major Indian writer, written in 1995, that described the Indian people in the period between 1970 to 1984 and all the side effects of the bad political system carried in that era.\u0000The project has been divided into an introduction containing a summary of the novel and a statement of the politics and the corruption of the government.\u0000One chapter that divided into two topics, the first one concerned the novel and the second concerned with corruption and weak politics in a wide scope.\u0000A conclusion that summarized the whole project in one paper that stated the idea of the writer.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"34 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139840951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Exchange Rate and Exchange Rate Uncertainty on Domestic Consumption in SAARC Member Countries from 2005 to 2020","authors":"Najibullah Arshad, Noruddin Ahmadi, Farhad Behrangi, Sayed Taleb Alavi, Mustafa Ibrahimi","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"The exchange rate and its uncertainty are the key economic variables that influence other macroeconomic variables through various channels. Domestic consumption will be influenced by the exchange rate and its uncertainty. This research investigates the impact of the exchange rate and its uncertainty on the private sector consumption of the member countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) from 2005 to 2020. The data has been extracted from the World Bank websites, the Asian Development Bank, and the Ministry of Finance of Afghanistan. The uncertainty of the exchange rate data has been extracted using the ARCH method, and the research model has been estimated using the GLS method. The research results indicate that the exchange rate and its uncertainty have a significant and positive effect on private-sector consumption. The positive relationship between the exchange rate and its uncertainty with consumption is consistent with the theory of currency pass-through. Additionally, the impact of income on domestic consumption is positive and statistically significant, while the impact of government consumption expenditure on private-sector consumption is negative and significant.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139780409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inter-Caste Marriage and Caste Prejudice: A Study of Perumal Murugan’s Novel ‘Pyre’","authors":"Mamta Paswan","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.22","url":null,"abstract":"The 21st century is an era of science and advancement. Due to this advancement, there is an evident threat of climate change, global warming, health issues and biological warfare. In this scenario, our lives are changing rapidly. But one thing that has not changed yet is the caste-system. People are still embedded in caste. The notion of purity and practice of endogamy have contributed in the establishment of the caste system. Endogamy is a founding element of the caste system. It is because of this that caste has become an unaltered force of Indian society. The consequences of inter-caste marriage are often horrible. Couples are rarely accepted by the family and society. Excommunication, torture, honor killing and murder are the consequences of inter-caste marriage. Inter- caste marriage is a great contribution in the eradication of the caste system. Inter-caste marriages not only cast the caste but also bring social harmony and feeling of interdependence among people belonging to different caste. But unfortunately, inter-caste marriages are unaccepted and considered offensive. The present novel ‘Pyre’ illustrates the ethos that leads a community to give their judgment against inter-caste marriage.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"412 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139847747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inter-Caste Marriage and Caste Prejudice: A Study of Perumal Murugan’s Novel ‘Pyre’","authors":"Mamta Paswan","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.22","url":null,"abstract":"The 21st century is an era of science and advancement. Due to this advancement, there is an evident threat of climate change, global warming, health issues and biological warfare. In this scenario, our lives are changing rapidly. But one thing that has not changed yet is the caste-system. People are still embedded in caste. The notion of purity and practice of endogamy have contributed in the establishment of the caste system. Endogamy is a founding element of the caste system. It is because of this that caste has become an unaltered force of Indian society. The consequences of inter-caste marriage are often horrible. Couples are rarely accepted by the family and society. Excommunication, torture, honor killing and murder are the consequences of inter-caste marriage. Inter- caste marriage is a great contribution in the eradication of the caste system. Inter-caste marriages not only cast the caste but also bring social harmony and feeling of interdependence among people belonging to different caste. But unfortunately, inter-caste marriages are unaccepted and considered offensive. The present novel ‘Pyre’ illustrates the ethos that leads a community to give their judgment against inter-caste marriage.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139787924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Habibi Rafiullah, Haifa Rabhi, Ahmed Sallam, Zhou Yongtaoao
{"title":"Research on Factors that Influence the Employment of Foreigners in China","authors":"Habibi Rafiullah, Haifa Rabhi, Ahmed Sallam, Zhou Yongtaoao","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of global economic integration and a rapidly changing international workforce, China has witnessed a significant increase in the number of foreign workers, especially since its accession to the WTO. This influx has disrupted China's labor market equilibrium and raised substantial challenges related to national sovereignty, security, social order, and public health. The Chinese legislative landscape grapples with various issues, such as delays in legislation, unclear regulatory boundaries, gaps in emerging sectors, lenient penalties for illegal employment, and inadequate coordination among law enforcement agencies. This paper holds both theoretical and practical importance as it aims to tackle these problems, proposing potential solutions to issues arising from the illicit employment of foreigners.\u0000Drawing insights from global legislative practices and emphasizing the safeguarding of domestic labor, this paper seeks to establish a comprehensive legislative framework for foreign employment in China, including provisions for exceptions to equal treatment. Additionally, it advocates for stricter employer accountability and penalties for illegal employment, highlighting the urgent need for improved cooperation and efficiency among law enforcement agencies. Beyond addressing domestic challenges, this paper also promotes international cooperation in foreign labor management, aligning with evolving global standards and continuously enhancing China's legal framework.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"13 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139804207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rational Dialogues and Its Constructive Social-Cultural Functions","authors":"Imam Mohammad Sayee","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"One of the tools that human civilizations use today to understand each other and resolve misunderstandings is dialogue. Dialogue can reduce social distances and bridge human and cultural gaps. In this research, the social and path-opening functions of dialogue as a bridge between social, political and cultural groups have been discussed. Dialogue is a dynamic process, which has two aspects of collective and social nature. Also, with the logic of dialogue and the method of conversation, it is possible to create a bridge over social, political and ethnic gaps and connect people and groups together. The purpose of writing this article is to explain and describe the functions of dialogue, whether it is possible to fill the social, gender, cultural and cognitive gaps in a society with this method. Today's democratic political systems use dialogue as a communication and cognitive bridge between themselves and the nations. Because there are many similarities between bridge and dialogue, which are also discussed in this article. Due to the fact that dialogue has a collective nature and gathering character, this research with a survey method seeks to know the importance, position and role of dialogue in reducing conflicts in social and cultural relationships. The question is, can this collective character and collection of dialogue prevent the separation and division of people and social groups and reduce misunderstandings towards each other. In addition to the theoretical part of this article, a descriptive-analytical method has been used by distributing the questionnaire. The statistical population of Badakhshan University is considered. The findings of this research indicate that dialogue is one of the appropriate ways to connect social division in a society. Based on the findings, dialogue is like a bridge, which can fill and connect social, linguistic, cultural, ethnic and political gaps. (80%) of the sample population considered the role and importance of dialogue in reducing social misunderstandings, preventing violent social, linguistic and ethnic conflicts.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"34 2-3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139865757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rational Dialogues and Its Constructive Social-Cultural Functions","authors":"Imam Mohammad Sayee","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"One of the tools that human civilizations use today to understand each other and resolve misunderstandings is dialogue. Dialogue can reduce social distances and bridge human and cultural gaps. In this research, the social and path-opening functions of dialogue as a bridge between social, political and cultural groups have been discussed. Dialogue is a dynamic process, which has two aspects of collective and social nature. Also, with the logic of dialogue and the method of conversation, it is possible to create a bridge over social, political and ethnic gaps and connect people and groups together. The purpose of writing this article is to explain and describe the functions of dialogue, whether it is possible to fill the social, gender, cultural and cognitive gaps in a society with this method. Today's democratic political systems use dialogue as a communication and cognitive bridge between themselves and the nations. Because there are many similarities between bridge and dialogue, which are also discussed in this article. Due to the fact that dialogue has a collective nature and gathering character, this research with a survey method seeks to know the importance, position and role of dialogue in reducing conflicts in social and cultural relationships. The question is, can this collective character and collection of dialogue prevent the separation and division of people and social groups and reduce misunderstandings towards each other. In addition to the theoretical part of this article, a descriptive-analytical method has been used by distributing the questionnaire. The statistical population of Badakhshan University is considered. The findings of this research indicate that dialogue is one of the appropriate ways to connect social division in a society. Based on the findings, dialogue is like a bridge, which can fill and connect social, linguistic, cultural, ethnic and political gaps. (80%) of the sample population considered the role and importance of dialogue in reducing social misunderstandings, preventing violent social, linguistic and ethnic conflicts.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139805861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of GDP Growth, Inflation, and Interest Rates on Startup Survival Rates: A Cross-sectoral Perspective","authors":"Sagar Sahu, Sunita Kshatriya","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"The study uses secondary data analysis to investigate the impact of major economic variables, such as GDP growth, inflation, and interest rates, on the sustainability of startups from a variety of industries. The inquiry utilizes a thorough examination of current literature, industry records, and rigorous statistical analysis to understand the complex relationship between economic factors and the lifespan of beginning businesses. The main goal of the study is to provide valuable insights into the deep correlation between economic conditions and the survival rates of startups. This research enhances the current understanding by using evidence to explore the complex challenges and opportunities that exist in dynamic economic situations. The findings are important for policymakers as they offer informed viewpoints to develop initiatives that promote a supportive environment for entrepreneurs. Moreover, investors can utilize the acquired knowledge to make well-informed choices when dealing with the unpredictable nature of investing in startups. Entrepreneurs can also profit from acquiring a deeper understanding of how economic considerations might influence the feasibility of their efforts, empowering them to actively tackle obstacles and take advantage of favorable circumstances. Essentially, this research intends to provide a beneficial resource for stakeholders who want to successfully navigate and prosper in the always-changing environment of startup ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139804889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Habibi Rafiullah, Haifa Rabhi, Ahmed Sallam, Zhou Yongtaoao
{"title":"Research on Factors that Influence the Employment of Foreigners in China","authors":"Habibi Rafiullah, Haifa Rabhi, Ahmed Sallam, Zhou Yongtaoao","doi":"10.55544/ijrah.4.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of global economic integration and a rapidly changing international workforce, China has witnessed a significant increase in the number of foreign workers, especially since its accession to the WTO. This influx has disrupted China's labor market equilibrium and raised substantial challenges related to national sovereignty, security, social order, and public health. The Chinese legislative landscape grapples with various issues, such as delays in legislation, unclear regulatory boundaries, gaps in emerging sectors, lenient penalties for illegal employment, and inadequate coordination among law enforcement agencies. This paper holds both theoretical and practical importance as it aims to tackle these problems, proposing potential solutions to issues arising from the illicit employment of foreigners.\u0000Drawing insights from global legislative practices and emphasizing the safeguarding of domestic labor, this paper seeks to establish a comprehensive legislative framework for foreign employment in China, including provisions for exceptions to equal treatment. Additionally, it advocates for stricter employer accountability and penalties for illegal employment, highlighting the urgent need for improved cooperation and efficiency among law enforcement agencies. Beyond addressing domestic challenges, this paper also promotes international cooperation in foreign labor management, aligning with evolving global standards and continuously enhancing China's legal framework.","PeriodicalId":338928,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139863958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}