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Effects of Capping Agents on Shape, Stability, and Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity of Copper Nanoparticles 封盖剂对铜纳米颗粒形状、稳定性和析氧反应活性的影响
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/acb500
A. Parkash
{"title":"Effects of Capping Agents on Shape, Stability, and Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity of Copper Nanoparticles","authors":"A. Parkash","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/acb500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/acb500","url":null,"abstract":"Here, five different capping agents’ polyethylene glycol (PEG), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and oleylamine (OAm) are used to form copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs), along with their electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) properties. The produced Cu-NPs’ mono-dispersity and their interactions with PEG, CTAB, PVA, PVP, and OAm were examined. The mean particle size determined by TEM images for the uncapped Cu-NPs as generated, PVA-capped, PVP-capped, CTAB-capped, PEG-capped, and OAm-capped samples, respectively, were 2.71 nm, 2.22 nm, 3.10 nm, 3.31 nm, 1.49 nm, and 1.71 nm. Greater than prepared catalysts, commercial Pt/C has a 3.7 nm size. It’s interesting to note that the CTAB-capped Cu-NPs considerably exhibit the strongest OER activity, with a very low overpotential of 222 mV at 10 mA cm−2, lower than many previously reported and the high electrocatalytic activity for OER of the commercial RuO2 catalysts. However, an expedited stress experiment shows that the CTAB-capped NPs have greater structural stability during electrochemical cycling. Their strong capping tendency and particle shape are the key causes of this. The approach for creating Cu nanocatalysts described in this paper has several potential uses for the creation of bimetallic catalysts.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114222033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Optimized Heat Transfer Rate in Cu/CNT Nano Composite Prepared by Electrodeposition Technique 电沉积法制备Cu/CNT纳米复合材料的传热速率优化
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-13 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/acb2dd
K. Bharathi, M. Rahman, A. Yadav, B. Rudra Murthy, P. Devadas Bhat
{"title":"Optimized Heat Transfer Rate in Cu/CNT Nano Composite Prepared by Electrodeposition Technique","authors":"K. Bharathi, M. Rahman, A. Yadav, B. Rudra Murthy, P. Devadas Bhat","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/acb2dd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/acb2dd","url":null,"abstract":"The Cu/CNT nanocomposites are prepared by reinforcing Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) in a copper matrix through the electrodeposition technique. These nanocomposites are prepared by varying the diameter and concentrations of the CNT and are characterized by heat transfer rate. This study describes the overall heat transfer phenomena of Cu/CNT nanocomposite due to the preferential deposition of CNTs in the Cu matrix. The heat transfer rate is optimized and increased by 41.08% and 46.91% in natural and forced convection respectively compared to pure Cu coating. The reason is attributed to the better alignment, the optimum concentration of CNT in the composite, and the homogenously placed CNTs network in the composite.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126923678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nonlinear Buckling Analysis of Cylindrical Nanoshells Conveying Nano-Fluid in Hygrothermal Environment 在湿热环境中输送纳米流体的圆柱形纳米壳非线性屈曲分析
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/acb223
Soheil Oveissi, A. Ghassemi, M. Salehi, S.Ali eftekhari, S. Ziaei-Rad
{"title":"Nonlinear Buckling Analysis of Cylindrical Nanoshells Conveying Nano-Fluid in Hygrothermal Environment","authors":"Soheil Oveissi, A. Ghassemi, M. Salehi, S.Ali eftekhari, S. Ziaei-Rad","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/acb223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/acb223","url":null,"abstract":"The present work addresses the critical buckling of circular cylindrical nano-shells containing static/dynamic nanofluids under the influence of different thermal fields that can also lead to appear the effect of thermal moisture so-called hygrothermal forces fields. To this end, the classical Sanders theory of cylindrical plates and shells is generalized by utilizing the non-classical nonlocal elasticity theory to derive the modified dynamic equations governing the nanofluid-nanostructure interaction (nano-FSI) problem. Then, the dimensionless obtained equations are analytically solved using the energy method. Herein, the applied nonlinear heat and humidity fields are considered as three types of longitudinal, circumferential, and simultaneously longitudinal-circumferential forces fields. The mentioned cases are examined separately for both high- and room-temperatures modes. The results show a significant effect of nanofluid passing through the nanostructure and its velocity on the critical buckling strain of the nano-systems, especially at high temperatures.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127235356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanochemical Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Li x VS y Positive Electrodes for All-Solid-State Batteries 全固态电池正极Li x VS y的机械化学合成及电化学性能
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/acb224
Misae Otoyama, T. Takeuchi, N. Taguchi, Kentaro Kuratani, H. Sakaebe
{"title":"Mechanochemical Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Li x VS y Positive Electrodes for All-Solid-State Batteries","authors":"Misae Otoyama, T. Takeuchi, N. Taguchi, Kentaro Kuratani, H. Sakaebe","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/acb224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/acb224","url":null,"abstract":"To enhance the energy density of all-solid-state batteries, polysulfide positive electrodes have a great advantage of their high capacity. In this study, we developed Li x VS y (x = 5–9, y = 4–6) comprised Li2S and LiVS2. Although Li2S is an insulator, Li x VS y shows a high electronic conductivity (∼10−1–10−2 S cm−1) because it contains LiVS2 with a high electronic conductivity. The theoretical capacity of Li x VS y is 626–789 mAh g−1 when all the Li in Li x VS y reacts. Li x VS y positive electrodes achieve a high energy density because they show high capacity with no conductive additives and high loading of Li x VS y .","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133964954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Electrochemical Performance of ZIF-8 Coated Zn Anode in a Solid-State Zn Air Battery ZIF-8包覆锌阳极在固态锌空气电池中的电化学性能
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/acaabe
Arash Namaeighasemi, D. Daramola, J. Staser
{"title":"Electrochemical Performance of ZIF-8 Coated Zn Anode in a Solid-State Zn Air Battery","authors":"Arash Namaeighasemi, D. Daramola, J. Staser","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/acaabe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/acaabe","url":null,"abstract":"The growing research on the application of flexible electronics, namely, flexible metal-air batteries has been evident throughout the recent decade. In this study, Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as a metal-organic framework was used as a masking agent to inhibit the zincate ions at the negative electrode’s vicinity. Polyacrylamide/polyacrylic acid gel copolymer was used as the solid-state electrolyte and a commercial Pt-coated gas diffusion layer (GDL) as the cathode compartment with ZIF-8 coated zinc nanoparticles being the negative electrode. Scanning electron microscopy was conducted to study the shape deformation of the anode. The electrochemical performance of the battery was evaluated using a galvanostatic charge/discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This research resulted in a capacity of 117.71 mAh at discharge rate of 5 mA cm−2 and 13 successful charge/discharge cycles at the rate of 50 mA cm−2. In addition, the Na-PAA/PAM copolymer solid-state electrolyte was reported to have ionic conductivity of 300 mS cm−1.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127677425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effects of Hydrogen on Endurance Characteristics in NAND Flash Memories 氢对NAND闪存持久特性的影响
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/aca6fc
Y. Chiu, Wen-Chien Liu, Yu-Jung Chen, Roshni Kumaria, T. Takeshita, M. Yano, R. Shirota
{"title":"Effects of Hydrogen on Endurance Characteristics in NAND Flash Memories","authors":"Y. Chiu, Wen-Chien Liu, Yu-Jung Chen, Roshni Kumaria, T. Takeshita, M. Yano, R. Shirota","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/aca6fc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/aca6fc","url":null,"abstract":"This study comprehensively investigates the effect of hydrogen content in forming gas annealing (FGA) on the endurance of NAND flash memories by statistically analyzing the transconductance ( Gm,max ) characteristics. The Gm,max degradation ( ΔGm,max ) worsened with higher cycling temperature, delayed time period from erasing to programming ( tEP ) operation, and higher word-line bias ( VA ) during tEP. Moreover, these effects become more pronounced as the hydrogen content in FGA increases. Using the measured Gm,max distributions and Monte -Carlo TCAD technology, the activation energy ( EA ) of oxide damage creation can be extracted. The extracted EA values were 50 meV and 160 meV for the diluted (4%) and pure (100%) hydrogen samples, respectively. This suggests that a higher hydrogen concentration results in more ionized hydrogen atoms remaining in the oxide layer. During tEP, these hydrogen ions can drift near the Si/SiO2 surface, where they may react to form trap states. EA is revealed to have a linear relationship with respect to VA, where the slope is independent of the hydrogen content in FGA.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131864954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chlorine Trifluoride Gas Etching Design for Quickly and Uniformly Removing a Thick C-Face 4H-Silicon Carbide Layer 快速均匀去除厚c面4h碳化硅层的三氟化氯气体蚀刻设计
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/aca3b7
Masaya Hayashi, Hitoshi Habuka, Yoshinao Takahashi, Tomohisa Kato
{"title":"Chlorine Trifluoride Gas Etching Design for Quickly and Uniformly Removing a Thick C-Face 4H-Silicon Carbide Layer","authors":"Masaya Hayashi, Hitoshi Habuka, Yoshinao Takahashi, Tomohisa Kato","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/aca3b7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/aca3b7","url":null,"abstract":"A process and a reactor for the quick, uniform and deep etching of a C-face 4H-silicon carbide layer were developed using chlorine trifluoride gas. Based on the concept that the etching rate profile of the rotating wafer was the average of that on a concentric circle, the uniform etching rate profile was obtained by the average between the multiple wavy etching rate profiles and by sufficiently spreading the chlorine trifluoride gas. The etching rate variation and RMS microroughness could be reduced to 1.6% and about 0.2 nm, when the etching rate and depth were 20 μm min−1 and about 100 μm, respectively. The developed process could etch off the 150-μm-deep layer without deteriorating the RMS microroughness for the total etching time within 8 min.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121182986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of Potentiometry for Monitoring Activity of GdCl3 in Molten LiCl-KCl Salt 电势法监测熔融LiCl-KCl盐中GdCl3活性的研究
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/aca214
Guoping Cao, S. Herrmann, G. Fredrickson, R. Hoover
{"title":"Study of Potentiometry for Monitoring Activity of GdCl3 in Molten LiCl-KCl Salt","authors":"Guoping Cao, S. Herrmann, G. Fredrickson, R. Hoover","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/aca214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/aca214","url":null,"abstract":"In pyroprocessing spent nuclear fuels by electrorefining in molten LiCl-KCl salt, it is desired to monitor in real time the UCl3 concentration in the salt for safeguards purposes. Current chemical analysis of the highly radioactive salt for electrorefining by an inductively coupled plasma technique is inconvenient and usually time-consuming in generating the salt composition results. In this paper, we evaluated whether a simple potentiometry approach can be used for real-time monitoring the concentration of GdCl3, which was used as a surrogate for UCl3, in LiCl-KCl-GdCl3 salt by measuring the open circuit potential of a Gd metal electrode with respect to a Ag/AgCl reference electrode (RE) when GdCl3 salt was incrementally added to the LiCl-KCl salt. Additions of LaCl3, CeCl3 and NdCl3 salts were used for evaluating the effects of other chloride salts on the selectivity of the Gd metal electrode vs Ag/AgCl RE. While using potentiometry to determine GdCl3 concentrations, Gd metal was unexpectedly observed to be unstable and dissolved in LiCl-KCl salt when GdCl3 is present.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125257251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
p-GaN Contact Study by Means of Electrochemical Short Loop 电化学短回路法研究p-GaN接触
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/aca07d
S. Suman, B. Martin, L. Dupré, Fabien Rol, R. Templier, E. Martinez, S. Sadki, C. Pernel
{"title":"p-GaN Contact Study by Means of Electrochemical Short Loop","authors":"S. Suman, B. Martin, L. Dupré, Fabien Rol, R. Templier, E. Martinez, S. Sadki, C. Pernel","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/aca07d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/aca07d","url":null,"abstract":"Surface states and contamination affects the efficiency of Gallium Nitride (GaN) based devices such as HEMTs, LEDs, photodetectors etc. In this work, several wet chemical treatment has been performed for the surface treatment of p-GaN, in order to achieve low-resistance ohmic contacts. The effect of surface treatment is observed by studying the flatband potential across the p-GaN/electrolyte interface via, electrochemical characterization. The electrochemical method of “Mott-Schottky characterization” gives simple and quick way of analysing the effect of different treatments, without the need of device fabrication. The effect of surface treatment are further investigated via, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy. The potential surface treatments from experimental findings are integrated into device processing steps in order to realize effect of surface treatment on the p-GaN/metal contacts. The electrochemical characterization shows that HCl results in least flatband potential. Further, The electrical test shows that HCl treatment results in significant orders of magnitude improvement in contact resistance and electrical performance of the devices. This shows that short loop electrochemical characterization can be used for predicting surface treatment in order to improve electrical characteristics of the device.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124958519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Facile Density Measurement Method for High-Concentration Sulfate Determination 高浓度硫酸盐的简易密度测定法
ECS Advances Pub Date : 2022-11-04 DOI: 10.1149/2754-2734/aca035
Sara Noriega Oreiro, Perizat Berdiyeva, A. Bentien
{"title":"Facile Density Measurement Method for High-Concentration Sulfate Determination","authors":"Sara Noriega Oreiro, Perizat Berdiyeva, A. Bentien","doi":"10.1149/2754-2734/aca035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2754-2734/aca035","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a fast, facile and high accuracy method for high concentration sulfate determination is presented. The method is based on precipitation of sulfate ions with barium ions. The sulfate amount is quantified by measurement of the density of the barium and sulfate ion solutions before mixing, and the density of the supernatant after mixing. A calibration curve for sulfate concentration between 2.5 and 5.5 M in vanadium electrolyte was performed, obtaining a precision better than 0.7%, in agreement with a propagation-of-error analysis. Accuracy is determined by one-point calibration against a sample with known sulfate concentration and is at best the same as the precision. Within the precision of the method, no systematic effect of the presence of other ions/interferents (vanadium, phosphate) on the sulfate determination is observed.","PeriodicalId":338397,"journal":{"name":"ECS Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121605102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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