Forensic Science International Mind and Law最新文献_第8页

LGBTQ+ mental health in detention settings 羁押场所中的LGBTQ+心理健康状况

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100067

Paul Gorczynski

引用次数: 2

The Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended in 2007) reform – How proposed changes potentially impact personality disorder services 《1983年精神卫生法》(2007年修订)改革——拟议的变化如何影响人格障碍服务

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100062

Nadja Heym , Santoshkumar Mudholkar , Alexander L. Sumich , Veena Kumari

{"title":"The Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended in 2007) reform – How proposed changes potentially impact personality disorder services","authors":"Nadja Heym , Santoshkumar Mudholkar , Alexander L. Sumich , Veena Kumari","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At the beginning of this year, the UK government released a White Paper on Reforms of the 1983 Mental Health Act (MHA) aiming to achieve higher quality, accessible mental health care, as well as empowering people detained under MHA during the process and continuation of detention. In this piece, we focus on the potential impact of the proposal around appropriate care, management and detention of people with Personality Disorder (PD) within the criminal justice system (CJS), psychiatric service provision and community routes. We briefly review the historical context of reforms of PD services in the UK and discuss the proposed changes and issues in relation to the criteria of least restriction, detention and therapeutic benefit. We highlight the complexity around referral routes and logistics barriers for secure PD services that might hamper speeded referral routes and raise concerns around responsibility for authorisation of transfers in the context of risk of serious harm to the public. We emphasise the complex treatment needs of individuals with PDs and how these are potentially not met. We also discuss the shift of focus from reactive care to preventative measures and early intervention in the community for individuals with mild-to-moderate levels of PD. We highlight the need for appropriate integrative services in the community to facilitate assessment across services, identification of complex needs and support options including earlier routine screening and potential digital interventions to optimise specialised care for PD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33816,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International Mind and Law","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71871258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethics in forensic science: Renewed commitments and a call for papers across the Forensic Science International family 法医学伦理:在法医学国际大家庭中重新承诺和论文征集

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100056

引用次数: 0

Dark shadow of the self: How the dark triad and empathy impact parental and intimate adult attachment relationships in women 自我的黑暗阴影:黑暗三位一体和同理心如何影响女性的父母和亲密的成人依恋关系

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100045

Claire A.J. Bloxsom , Jennifer Firth , Fränze Kibowski , Vincent Egan , Alexander L. Sumich , Nadja Heym

{"title":"Dark shadow of the self: How the dark triad and empathy impact parental and intimate adult attachment relationships in women","authors":"Claire A.J. Bloxsom , Jennifer Firth , Fränze Kibowski , Vincent Egan , Alexander L. Sumich , Nadja Heym","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study examines the relationship between parental and intimate adult (best friend and partner) attachments with dark personality traits and empathy deficits in women. Participants (N = 262 females, M age = 26.65) completed self-report measures of the Dark Triad (DT) traits, cognitive and affective empathy, and attachment experiences in close relationships. Path model analysis showed that parental avoidant attachment predicted the dark dyad traits (Machiavellianism, psychopathy) while only parental anxious attachment predicted psychopathy. Psychopathy was the only dark trait directly and indirectly (via affective empathy) associated with intimate adult life attachment insecurity, whereas narcissism was associated with secure attachment through reduced anxious attachment towards best friends. Reduced affective empathy mediated the relationship between psychopathy and increased avoidant attachment, and also directly predicted lower anxious (best friend and partner) attachment. These findings are considered in the context of a possible route from parental to intimate adult life attachment difficulties in women with dark – in particular, psychopathic traits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33816,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International Mind and Law","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71871280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Sacks, giants, owls, cats: It's a mad world in the graphic art of Francisco de Goya (1746–1828) 萨克斯、巨人、猫头鹰、猫:这是弗朗西斯科·德·戈雅(1746-1828)图形艺术中的一个疯狂世界

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100061

Sarah Symmons

{"title":"Sacks, giants, owls, cats: It's a mad world in the graphic art of Francisco de Goya (1746–1828)","authors":"Sarah Symmons","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While the popular belief that Francisco de Goya (1746–1828) turned suddenly to dark, irrational subjects after his illness of 1793 is arguably mistaken, what is true is that after the illness he devoted himself more closely to black- and- white media. Like Rembrandt (1606–1669), whom Goya particularly admired, the Spanish painter is one of the greatest graphic designers in the history of art. It is also part of Goya's originality that in an era when engravers were often regarded as mere copyists and not creative designers, and drawing was not seen as a complete art form, he produced large numbers of original engravings and many finished drawings in chalk, ink and wash, dating from the 1790s to his old age, and preserved them carefully in albums. Mental illness became a recurring subject in a number of these drawings, as the Spanish artist represented numerous depictions of people suffering from a mental disorder and foregrounded the notion of irrationality in his graphic art. This manuscript discusses these themes in relation to Goya's pieces, focusing on elements of his biography and contemporaneous ideas from the Enlightenment period as influences for this aspect of his work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33816,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International Mind and Law","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71871260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When two tribes go to law: The Moral Foundations Theory and the Brexit negotiations 当两个部落走向法律:道德基础理论与英国脱欧谈判

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100055

David S. Smith

引用次数: 2

COVID-19 and forensic mental health in Italy 意大利的COVID-19和法医心理健康

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100038

Franco Scarpa

引用次数: 2

Silence versus bearing witness: Psychiatrists' responsibility to society 沉默与作证：精神病学家对社会的责任

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100069

Bandy X. Lee

引用次数: 0

Perceptions around adult and child sex offenders and their rehabilitation as a function of education in forensic psychology independent of traditionalism and perpetrator sex 对成人和儿童性犯罪者的认知及其康复作为独立于传统主义和犯罪者性别的法医心理学教育的功能

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100039

Megan Rothwell , Dean Fido , Nadja Heym

{"title":"Perceptions around adult and child sex offenders and their rehabilitation as a function of education in forensic psychology independent of traditionalism and perpetrator sex","authors":"Megan Rothwell , Dean Fido , Nadja Heym","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Literature pertaining to individuals with sexual convictions typically reports punitive views about their crimes, sentences, and overall effectiveness of rehabilitation, with such perceptions partially driven by offence demographics such as victim age and perpetrator sex. This manuscript extends this literature through the exploration of perceiver characteristics of self-reported traditionalism and education in forensic psychology as mechanisms of perceptions and awareness. Participants (N = 101; 60% forensic psychology students; 40% general public) read online vignettes related to sexual offences (manipulating perpetrator sex and victim age), and completed measures of perceptions of sex offenders, perceived rehabilitation efficacy and traditionalism. Members of the general population (without a background of education in forensic psychology) reported harsher views towards individuals with sexual convictions and their rehabilitation, relative to students of forensic psychology, independent of their greater traditionalism. There was no main effect of or interaction with perpetrator sex. Whilst participants endorsed more negative perceptions towards sex offenders of child than adult victims, this did not extent to differences in perceptions regarding their rehabilitation. Findings reported here indicate a need for greater understanding as to the factors that might moderate perceptions towards individuals with sexual convictions and have implications for the promotion of sex offender rehabilitation programmes. Understanding the root of such public attitudes is a key step for creating and improving associated policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33816,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International Mind and Law","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71871281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Advancement of neuroscience and the assessment of mental state at the time of offense 神经科学的发展与犯罪时精神状态的评估

Forensic Science International Mind and Law Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100046

Daniel Lawer Egbenya , Samuel Adjorlolo

{"title":"Advancement of neuroscience and the assessment of mental state at the time of offense","authors":"Daniel Lawer Egbenya , Samuel Adjorlolo","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuroscience has the benefit of illuminating the neural correlates of behaviors that are of interest to the legal system. This raises the optimism that neuroscience will be able to considerably and appropriately address some perennial problems besetting the legal system. Notable among them are the determination of: (1) criminal responsibility; (2) mental states at the time of offense; (3) competence to stand trial (also known as fitness to plead or adjudicative competence); and (4) whether a defendant is telling the truth. Whereas previous discussions have focused mainly on criminal responsibility, the present review is limited to the assessment of mental states at the time of offense as a legal pre-requisite for determining criminal responsibility in trials involving defendants claiming mental incapacitation (insanity defense). This is one of the challenging forensic assessment endeavors, attracting public criticisms following acquittals based on the insanity defense. We canvas the relevant neuroscientific evidence to elucidate how neuroscientific advances can be applied to help improve upon the assessment of mental states at the time of offense examinations. We examine neuroscience assessments of intention, knowledge of the nature and quality of an act, knowledge of wrongness of an act, as well as decision-making. We conclude that neuroscience assessments would be useful as a complementary data source in insanity evaluations. Clinical opinion based on neuroscientific findings as well as psychosocial data (biopsychosocial assessment) would help to improve upon assessment results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33816,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International Mind and Law","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71871463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2