IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society最新文献_第8页

Impact of Channel and System Parameters on Performance Evaluation of Frequency Extrapolation Using Machine Learning 信道和系统参数对机器学习频率外推性能评估的影响

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575037

Michael Neuman;Daoud Burghal;Andreas F. Molisch

{"title":"Impact of Channel and System Parameters on Performance Evaluation of Frequency Extrapolation Using Machine Learning","authors":"Michael Neuman;Daoud Burghal;Andreas F. Molisch","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575037","url":null,"abstract":"Channel extrapolation in the frequency domain is an important tool for reducing overhead and latency in frequency division duplex (FDD) wireless communications systems. Over the past years, various machine learning (ML) techniques have been proposed for this goal, but their effectiveness is usually evaluated only for a limited number of examples. This paper presents an extensive investigation of the impact of various parameters, both of the system and of the underlying channels, on the performance of three types of ML algorithms, namely K-nearest neighbor (KNN), convolutional multilayer perceptron (CNN/MLP), and autoencoder structures (AE). We analyze the impact of channel coherence bandwidth and coherence distance, and the number of multipath components, as well as system bandwidth, number of subcarriers, duplex distance, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in uplink and downlink. We also consider both complex and magnitude normalized mean-square error (NMSE) as training and evaluation metrics. Physical interpretations of the obtained results are given. Most importantly, we find that the NMSE can vary by 10 dB or more over physically reasonable ranges of parameters but often shows saturation behavior over part of those ranges. We also find that, in particular, KNN results can be quantitatively and qualitatively different from CNN/MLP and AE. These investigations thus provide insights into meaningful parameter choices for the performance evaluation of new ML algorithms for frequency-domain channel extrapolation.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4840-4853"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11017722","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secure Blockchain Integration Approach for Knowledge Discovery in Industrial Internet of Things 工业物联网知识发现的安全区块链集成方法

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574816

Rohan Tripathi;Ritam Rao;Vivekananda Bhat K.;Abhishek Kumar Pandey;Ashok Kumar Das

{"title":"Secure Blockchain Integration Approach for Knowledge Discovery in Industrial Internet of Things","authors":"Rohan Tripathi;Ritam Rao;Vivekananda Bhat K.;Abhishek Kumar Pandey;Ashok Kumar Das","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574816","url":null,"abstract":"The field of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is now being duly recognized as a revolutionary area in industrial automation. With the budding interest of knowledge discovery that helps the businesses in applying technology on a large scale, researchers are now faced with several major security concerns. Blockchain integration is one of the suggested applications of technology that could help secure the data during transmission, storage, and knowledge discovery. Moreover, by integrating smart contracts, a secure architecture could also assimilate accountability during data exchange. Thus, we propose a four-layer security architecture that isolates IIoT devices from user-oriented layers and maintains a record of all IIoT devices registered in the organization to prevent malicious devices from corrupting the database and discovery process. Further, by choosing proof of authority (PoA), we ensure the fair functioning of the Blockchain nodes. Through proxy re-encryption for clients, PoA consensus for Blockchain nodes, and Whitelist-based access control for IIoT Devices, we ensure the legitimacy of all participating nodes. We also implement a prototype using a private Ethereum network with proof of authority consensus and present the time taken for the entire exchange and the gas (ethereum currency) consumed per exchange by the contracts. Also we implemented the secure knowledge discovery to understand the significance of the developed scheme. The results show that the exchange can be implemented in an IIoT environment and work with a reasonable amount of resource consumption.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4772-4787"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11017668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unleashing 5G Seamless Integration With TSN for Industry 5.0: Frame Forwarding and QoS Treatment 为工业5.0释放5G与TSN的无缝集成：帧转发和QoS处理

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574397

Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa;Felix Delgado-Ferro;Jorge Navarro-Ortiz;Pablo Muñoz;Pablo Ameigeiras

{"title":"Unleashing 5G Seamless Integration With TSN for Industry 5.0: Frame Forwarding and QoS Treatment","authors":"Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa;Felix Delgado-Ferro;Jorge Navarro-Ortiz;Pablo Muñoz;Pablo Ameigeiras","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574397","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) and 5th Generation (5G) systems is key for providing wireless low-latency services in industry. Despite research efforts, challenges remain. Due to the lack of commercial 5G modems supporting Ethernet-based sessions, tunneling mechanisms must be used to enable Layer 2 connectivity between TSN islands via IP-based 5G modems. Furthermore, harmonizing traffic classification and prioritization between TSN and 5G technologies is crucial for meeting industrial service requirements. In this work, we propose a Virtual Extensible LAN (VxLAN)-based solution to harmonize frame forwarding and Quality of Service (QoS) treatment among 5G and TSN. Our solution supports multiple Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) across several production lines. Furthermore, it supports TSN traffic mapping into 5G QoS flows. We use a 5G testbed to validate the effectiveness of the adopted solution. Our results show the average delay introduced by the proposed mechanisms is approximately <inline-formula> <tex-math>$100~mu s$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which is significantly lower than the typical 5G packet transmission delay. Moreover, our findings demonstrate our solution preserves QoS treatment between the 5G system and TSN, ensuring that the priority of 5G QoS flows aligns with the priorities of industrial traffic flows.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4874-4884"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11016774","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Objective Reverse Offloading in Edge Computing for AI Tasks 人工智能任务边缘计算中的多目标反向卸载

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3555947

Petros Amanatidis;George Michailidis;Dimitris Karampatzakis;Vasileios Kalenteridis;George Iosifidis;Thomas Lagkas

{"title":"Multi-Objective Reverse Offloading in Edge Computing for AI Tasks","authors":"Petros Amanatidis;George Michailidis;Dimitris Karampatzakis;Vasileios Kalenteridis;George Iosifidis;Thomas Lagkas","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3555947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3555947","url":null,"abstract":"Offloading tasks between edge nodes is a subject that has drawn a lot of attention since edge computing first emerged. A large number of edge IoT devices utilizing increased computing resources such as autonomous vehicles and UAVs can be used to execute AI tasks close to users. We present a novel approach that deviates from the conventional edge computing offloading concept namely offloading computationally intensive tasks from cloudlets to nearby end nodes. Specifically, we enhance a scenario where end nodes assist more powerful nodes (like cloudlets) in executing AI inference tasks. In edge computing networks, as end nodes grow in number, they build an idle computing capacity which can solve and provide efficient solutions. Our goal is to solve a defined Multi-Objective optimization problem with three objectives namely the overall execution time (slowest substasks), the execution accuracy, and the total energy consumption. We address this challenging optimization problem using a novel method with our released Multi-Objective Edge AI-Adaptive Reverse Offloading, or MOEAI-ARO, algorithm. Using an edge computing testbed and a representative AI service, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our reverse offloading proposal and method. The results indicate that our method further optimizes the system’s performance compared to baseline algorithms.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"2474-2485"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10944659","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pilot-Aided Simultaneous Communication and Localisation (PASCAL) Under Practical Imperfections 实际缺陷下的驾驶员辅助同步通信与定位（PASCAL）

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3555620

Shuaishuai Han;Mohammad Al-Jarrah;Emad Alsusa

{"title":"Pilot-Aided Simultaneous Communication and Localisation (PASCAL) Under Practical Imperfections","authors":"Shuaishuai Han;Mohammad Al-Jarrah;Emad Alsusa","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3555620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3555620","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel system model, termed Pilot-Aided Simultaneous Communication and Localisation (PASCAL), and evaluates its performance under practical gain and phase imperfections. The system considers multiple single-antenna unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) transmitting data packets to a multi-antenna base station (BS), which simultaneously detects communication signals and localises UAVs using pilot symbols embedded in the packets. Two receiver processing approaches are proposed: (1) disjoint localisation and communication using maximum likelihood estimation and (2) joint localisation and data detection via newly developed algorithms. To assess localisation performance under gain-phase imperfections, the average Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) is derived, while the average sum data rate (SDR) for UAV communication is obtained in closed form. The derived expressions are validated through simulations, demonstrating their accuracy. Our results indicate that, while the proposed PASCAL system can be sensitive to gain-phase imperfections, like other state-of-the-art methods, it remains an efficient and robust approach for achieving reliable simultaneous localisation and communication.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"2486-2509"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10945456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DRACO: Decentralized Asynchronous Federated Learning Over Row-Stochastic Wireless Networks DRACO：基于行随机无线网络的分散式异步联邦学习

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574098

Eunjeong Jeong;Marios Kountouris

{"title":"DRACO: Decentralized Asynchronous Federated Learning Over Row-Stochastic Wireless Networks","authors":"Eunjeong Jeong;Marios Kountouris","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574098","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging technologies and use cases, such as smart Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Agents, and Edge AI, have generated significant interest in training neural networks over fully decentralized, serverless networks. A major obstacle in this context is ensuring stable convergence without imposing stringent assumptions, such as identical data distributions across devices or synchronized updates. In this paper, we introduce DRACO, a novel framework for decentralized asynchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) over row-stochastic gossip wireless networks. Our approach leverages continuous communication, allowing edge devices to perform local training and exchange model updates along a continuous timeline, thereby eliminating the need for synchronized timing. Additionally, our algorithm decouples communication and computation schedules, enabling complete autonomy for all users while effectively addressing straggler issues. Through a thorough convergence analysis, we show that DRACO achieves high performance in decentralized optimization while maintaining low variance across users even without predefined scheduling policies. Numerical experiments further validate the effectiveness of our approach, demonstrating that controlling the maximum number of received messages per client significantly reduces redundant communication costs while maintaining robust learning performance.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4818-4839"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11016099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DPM-Solver-2M: A Fast Multistep DPM-Solver-Based Scheme for Real-Time MIMO Channel Estimation DPM-Solver-2M：一种基于快速多步dpm - solver的实时MIMO信道估计方案

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574087

Ravi Kumar;Manivasakan Rathinam

{"title":"DPM-Solver-2M: A Fast Multistep DPM-Solver-Based Scheme for Real-Time MIMO Channel Estimation","authors":"Ravi Kumar;Manivasakan Rathinam","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574087","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel estimation poses a major challenge due to stringent low-latency constraints. We propose a multistep fast ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based diffusion probabilistic model (DPM), DPM-Solver-2M, for MIMO channel estimation, significantly reducing the number of inference steps while maintaining high accuracy. Unlike conventional discrete-time DPMs, our approach reformulates a lightweight discrete noise prediction model into a continuous-time framework, enabling ODE-based fast multistep solvers with efficient numerical methods. This scheme retains the advantages of discrete models, such as low complexity, while achieving a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$sim 4times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> speedup in terms of inference steps or number of function evaluations (NFE) during the reverse process over Markovian or ancestral sampling-based DPM estimators, with only a marginal performance trade-off. Theoretical analysis of solver convergence corroborates our simulation results, demonstrating rapid convergence in just 10–15 solver steps, making our approach highly suitable for real-time wireless systems. In addition to achieving strong performance under ideal conditions, our simulation results reveal that the proposed model is robust to changes in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the observed (received) signal and generalizes well across different wireless channel models for the small number of steps.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4742-4755"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11016071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexible Hierarchical Multi-Beam Search Algorithm for Millimeter-Wave 3D MIMO Systems With Uniform Planar Arrays 具有均匀平面阵列的毫米波三维MIMO系统的柔性分层多波束搜索算法

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3573584

Dony Darmawan Putra;Wan-Jen Huang

{"title":"Flexible Hierarchical Multi-Beam Search Algorithm for Millimeter-Wave 3D MIMO Systems With Uniform Planar Arrays","authors":"Dony Darmawan Putra;Wan-Jen Huang","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3573584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3573584","url":null,"abstract":"Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems and millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum are key technologies for enabling next-generation wireless communications. To fully exploit the array and multiplexing gains, beamforming or precoding strategies require accurate information about the multiple multipath components (MPCs) in the mmWave channel. In this paper, we propose a novel hierarchical multi-beam search algorithm for channel estimation in mmWave MIMO systems aiming to enhance beamforming performance. The proposed algorithm enables efficient channel estimation and precoding design in massive MIMO systems with uniform planar arrays with any composite number of horizontal and vertical elements. Thus, it overcomes the limitations of existing hierarchical codebooks, which mostly support uniform linear arrays with an antenna count that is a power of an integer. The proposed algorithm reduces training overhead using a low-complexity least-squares-based refinement approach. The simulation results show that the failure rate of the proposed algorithm is comparable to that of current methods but with a lower training cost and complexity. Moreover, the simulation results also show that the spectral efficiency of the precoding scheme determined using the proposed search algorithm and codebook is the highest compared to existing methods. Numerical results show that the proposed method achieves more accurate spatial angle estimation than existing approaches, even in the presence of hardware impairments, highlighting its superior flexibility and robustness in practical scenarios.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"5092-5105"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11015521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Terahertz Band UAV Base Stations for Post-Disaster Communication 用于灾后通信的太赫兹波段无人机基站

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574264

Sofiene Barhoumi;Mikail Erdem;Mohamed-Slim Alouini

{"title":"Terahertz Band UAV Base Stations for Post-Disaster Communication","authors":"Sofiene Barhoumi;Mikail Erdem;Mohamed-Slim Alouini","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3574264","url":null,"abstract":"In case of emergency, data rate demand significantly increases, whereas the current disaster relief bands are not sufficient to supply this demand. Also, existing terrestrial base station infrastructure may be out of use. On the other hand, terahertz (THz) communication attracts attention due to the available massive bandwidth, promising a very high data rate. Moreover, employing an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) base station (BS) is a suitable solution for reliable communication links during search and rescue operations. Hence, in this work, we propose and analyze THz band UAV BS for disasters; consequently, a wideband channel in an unstandardized THz band can be utilized for disaster relief, providing sufficient capacity for high data rate demanding applications. In this study, the capacity performance and the outage probability of THz band UAV BS are evaluated for ground-to-UAV communication links compared to existing disaster relief bands considering beam misalignment fading, turbulence fading, and rain and fog effects, yielding encouraging results. In case a disaster affects a huge area, causing terrestrial base stations to be out-of-use, two alternative scenarios are studied. As a first scenario, the UAV-to-satellite communication link is considered for the THz band, sub-6 GHz disaster relief band, and free space optics, resulting in dramatic capacity reduction because of the high loss in the UAV-to-satellite link. As a second scenario, multi-hop UAV communication is considered by deploying multiple UAVs to connect the nearest available terrestrial BS. Simulation results reveal that the THz band UAV BS stands out as a promising candidate for post-disaster communication since it can provide tens of Gbps ergodic capacity for the ground-to-UAV link, and up to 5 Gbps ergodic capacity is obtained in the multi-hop communication scenario in case of outage in large areas.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4788-4803"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11016068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survey of Multimodal Federated Learning: Exploring Data Integration, Challenges, and Future Directions 多模态联邦学习调查：探索数据集成、挑战和未来方向

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3554537

Mumin Adam;Abdullatif Albaseer;Uthman Baroudi;Mohamed Abdallah

{"title":"Survey of Multimodal Federated Learning: Exploring Data Integration, Challenges, and Future Directions","authors":"Mumin Adam;Abdullatif Albaseer;Uthman Baroudi;Mohamed Abdallah","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3554537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3554537","url":null,"abstract":"The rapidly expanding demand for intelligent wireless applications and the Internet of Things (IoT) requires advanced system designs to handle multimodal data effectively while ensuring user privacy and data security. Traditional machine learning (ML) models rely on centralized architectures, which, while powerful, often present significant privacy risks due to the centralization of sensitive data. Federated Learning (FL) is a promising decentralized alternative for addressing these issues. However, FL predominantly handles unimodal data, which limits its applicability in environments where devices collect and process various data types such as text, images, and sensor output. To address this limitation, Multimodal FL (MMFL) integrates multiple data modalities, enabling a richer and more holistic understanding of data. In this survey, we explore the challenges and advancements in MMFL, including data representation, fusion techniques, and cross-modal learning strategies. We present a comprehensive taxonomy of MMFL, outlining critical challenges such as modality imbalance, fusion complexity, and security concerns. Additionally, we highlight the role of transformers in MMFL by leveraging their powerful attention mechanisms to process multimodal data in a federated setting. Finally, we discuss various applications of MMFL, including healthcare, human activity recognition, and emotion recognition, and propose future research directions for improving the scalability and robustness of MMFL systems in real-world scenarios.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"2510-2538"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10938626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0