IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society最新文献

{"title":"AMUSE: A Multi-Armed Bandit Framework for Energy-Efficient Modulation Adaptation in Underwater Acoustic Networks","authors":"Fabio Busacca;Laura Galluccio;Sergio Palazzo;Andrea Panebianco;Raoul Raftopoulos","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3542184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3542184","url":null,"abstract":"UnderWater (UW) Acoustic networks face unique challenges due to limited bandwidth, high latency, and dynamic channel conditions, necessitating adaptive communication protocols to optimize performance under strict energy constraints. Modulation schemes play a crucial role in determining the efficiency and reliability of these networks; dynamically adjusting modulation depending on channel conditions can significantly enhance network performance. While Machine Learning algorithms offer valuable solutions for real-time adaptation, many existing methods are based on deep learning, which often demands computational resources beyond the capabilities of typical UW devices. In contrast, Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) algorithms offer a simpler yet effective solution, well-suited for environments with limited computational resources. In this paper, we present AMUSE, a scalable and efficient framework designed to leverage the MAB approach for dynamic modulation selection, while enabling the optimization of various key performance metrics. Specifically, to illustrate the high level of flexibility of AMUSE in addressing multi-objective optimization, we here focus on the trade-off of Packet Error Rate (PER) and energy consumption across changing conditions, so as to make both reliability and energy efficiency the basis of the modulation adaptation decision-making process. Through extensive simulation in the DESERT simulator, we evaluate AMUSE performance against other state-of-the-art algorithms based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). Despite its simple design, AMUSE proves to be more efficient and responsive than the baselines, making it a powerful solution for improving UW communication performance. The results show that, in spite of the lightweight nature of AMUSE, our framework is able to outperform the DRL baselines by achieving an improvement of up to 23.64% in the network PER, and up to 80.65% in energy saving.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"2766-2779"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10887295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomaly Detection-Based UE-Centric Inter-Cell Interference Suppression","authors":"Kwonyeol Park;Hyuckjin Choi;Beomsoo Ko;Minje Kim;Gyoseung Lee;Daecheol Kwon;Hyunjae Park;Byungseung Kim;Min-Ho Shin;Junil Choi","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3541832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3541832","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing spectral reuse can cause significant performance degradation due to interference from neighboring cells. In such scenarios, developing effective interference suppression schemes is necessary to improve overall system performance. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel user equipment-centric interference suppression scheme, which effectively detects inter-cell interference (ICI) and subsequently applies interference whitening to mitigate ICI. The proposed scheme, named Z-refined deep support vector data description, exploits a one-class classification-based anomaly detection technique. Numerical results verify that the proposed scheme outperforms various baselines in terms of interference detection performance with limited time or frequency resources for training and is comparable to the performance based on an ideal genie-aided interference suppression scheme. Furthermore, we demonstrate through test equipment experiments using a commercial fifth-generation modem chipset that the proposed scheme shows performance improvements across various 3rd generation partnership project standard channel environments, including tapped delay line-A, -B, and -C models.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"1512-1527"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10884837","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handover Strategy for LEO Satellite Networks Using Bipartite Graph and Hysteresis Margin","authors":"Sahar Eydian;Maryam Hosseini;Gunes Karabulut Kurt","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3541962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3541962","url":null,"abstract":"The low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation has become a highly effective solution for non-terrestrial networks (NTN), offering reliable, uninterrupted, and high-speed global communication. However, the rapid movement of LEO satellites results in a significant handover rate across satellites. Therefore, satellite handover management is essential to ensure the stability and continuity of communication services. This paper proposes a novel weighted bipartite graph-based handover strategy in LEO constellations to enhance quality of service (QoS) and overcome the challenge of frequent satellite handovers. The proposed approach utilizes the Kuhn-Munkres (KM) algorithm to achieve optimal matching with maximum weight, thereby ensuring efficient load distribution and high-quality communication. Moreover, the implementation of hysteresis margin (HM) reduces unnecessary handovers and thus enhances the overall performance of the network. The numerical results demonstrate a significant reduction in handover rate and latency, while improving energy efficiency and achieving enhanced data rates. In particular, our scheme effectively adapts to varying Rician K-factors and demonstrates flexibility under different signal conditions. Furthermore, the obtained results highlight a significant reduction in handover costs and ensure efficient and reliable communication in LEO satellite networks.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"1470-1484"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10884973","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learnable Wireless Digital Twins: Reconstructing Electromagnetic Field With Neural Representations","authors":"Shuaifeng Jiang;Qi Qu;Xiaqing Pan;Abhishek K. Agrawal;Richard Newcombe;Ahmed Alkhateeb","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3535959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3535959","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless digital twins, which approximate the communication environment and signal propagation, find many applications in system design and operation, and are envisioned as key enablers for future wireless systems. Building these digital twins, however, is challenging as it requires modeling, not just the environment geometry, but also the electromagnetic (EM) property and the EM interaction effects. To address these challenges, motivated by the latest advancements in computer vision (3D reconstruction and neural radiance field), this paper develops a physics-inspired and modular deep learning framework for practically constructing learnable wireless digital twins. In particular, the proposed framework segments the environment into objects and learns their EM properties and the EM interaction effects using crowd-sourced world-locked wireless channel samples. To showcase the efficacy of the proposed learnable digital twin framework, we evaluate the digital twin by predicting wireless channels based on users’ positions. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed learnable digital twin can learn the EM property and interaction effects, accurately predict wireless channels, and generalize to changes in the environment. This highlights the prospect of this novel direction for future generation wireless platforms.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"1568-1590"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10886938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variable-Rate Incremental-Redundancy HARQ for Finite Blocklengths","authors":"Yu Fu;Angel Lozano;Hongwen Yang","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3541238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3541238","url":null,"abstract":"Incremental redundancy (IR) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) is a staple component of modern wireless systems, instrumental for efficient and reliable low-latency communication. To further improve the performance, the blocklengths—and therefore the incremental rates—of the various transmissions can be released from being fixed. This paper optimizes these variable blocklengths in truncated IR-HARQ, with the goal of maximizing the overall throughput at any desired operating point (meaning any combination of signal-to-noise ratio and target error rate). The optimization relies on a finite-blocklength information-theoretical analysis, whereby the block error rate emerges as a function of the channel capacity and the channel dispersion. Numerical results confirm that the optimized variable-rate IR-HARQ significantly outperforms its fixed-rate counterpart, both with ideal codes and with a 5G commercial code. Additionally, a heuristic scheme that mimics the behavior of the optimized solution, but is simpler to implement, is set forth and shown to essentially attain the same performance.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"1413-1422"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10883043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust Communication Design in RIS-Assisted THz Channels","authors":"Yasemin Karacora;Adam Umra;Aydin Sezgin","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3541315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3541315","url":null,"abstract":"Terahertz (THz) communication offers the necessary bandwidth to meet the high data rate demands of next-generation wireless systems. However, it faces significant challenges, including severe path loss, dynamic blockages, and beam misalignment, which jeopardize communication reliability. Given that many 6G use cases require both high data rates and strong reliability, robust transmission schemes that achieve high throughput under these challenging conditions are essential for the effective use of high-frequency bands. In this context, we propose a novel mixed-criticality superposition coding scheme for reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted THz systems. This scheme leverages both the strong but intermittent direct line-of-sight link and the more reliable, yet weaker, RIS path to ensure robust delivery of high-criticality data while maintaining high overall throughput. We model a mixed-criticality queuing system and optimize transmit power to meet reliability and queue stability constraints. Simulation results show that our approach significantly reduces queuing delays for critical data while sustaining high overall throughput, outperforming conventional time-sharing methods. Additionally, we examine the impact of blockage, beam misalignment, and beamwidth adaptation on system performance. These results demonstrate that our scheme effectively balances reliability and throughput under challenging conditions, while also underscoring the need for robust beamforming techniques to mitigate the impact of misalignment in RIS-assisted channels.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"3029-3043"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10883649","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faster Convergence With Less Communication: Broadcast-Based Subgraph Sampling for Decentralized Learning Over Wireless Networks","authors":"Daniel Pérez Herrera;Zheng Chen;Erik G. Larsson","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3540133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3540133","url":null,"abstract":"Decentralized stochastic gradient descent (D-SGD) is a widely adopted optimization algorithm for decentralized training of machine learning models across networked agents. A crucial part of D-SGD is the consensus-based model averaging, which heavily relies on information exchange and fusion among the nodes. For consensus averaging over wireless networks, due to the broadcast nature of wireless channels, simultaneous transmissions from multiple nodes may cause packet collisions if they share a common receiver. Therefore, communication coordination is necessary to determine when and how a node can transmit (or receive) information to (or from) its neighbors. In this work, we propose <monospace>BASS</monospace>, a broadcast-based subgraph sampling method designed to accelerate the convergence of D-SGD while considering the actual communication cost per iteration. <monospace>BASS</monospace> creates a set of mixing matrix candidates that represent sparser subgraphs of the base topology. In each consensus iteration, one mixing matrix is randomly sampled, leading to a specific scheduling decision that activates multiple collision-free subsets of nodes. The sampling occurs in a probabilistic manner, and the elements of the mixing matrices, along with their sampling probabilities, are jointly optimized. Simulation results demonstrate that <monospace>BASS</monospace> achieves faster convergence and requires fewer transmission slots than existing link-based scheduling methods and the full communication scenario. In conclusion, the inherent broadcasting nature of wireless channels offers intrinsic advantages in accelerating the convergence of decentralized optimization and learning.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"1497-1511"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10879080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Digital Twin in 6G-Based URLLCs: Current Contributions, Research Challenges, and Next Directions","authors":"Antonino Masaracchia;Dang van Huynh;Trung Q. Duong;Octavia A. Dobre;Arumugam Nallanathan;Berk Canberk","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3540287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3540287","url":null,"abstract":"Substantial improvements in the area of ultra reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) capabilities, as well as possibilities of meeting the rising demand for high-capacity and high-speed connectivity are expected to be achieved with the deployment of next generation 6G wireless communication networks. This thank to the adoption of key technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), reflective intelligent surfaces (RIS), and mobile edge computing (MEC), which hold the potential to enhance coverage, signal quality, and computational efficiency. However, the integration of these technologies presents new optimization challenges, particularly for ensuring network reliability and maintaining stringent latency requirements. The Digital Twin (DT) paradigm, coupled with artificial intelligence (AI) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL), is emerging as a promising solution, enabling real-time optimization by digitally replicating network devices to support informed decision-making. This paper reviews recent advances in DT-enabled URLLC frameworks, highlights critical challenges, and suggests future research directions for realizing the full potential of 6G networks in supporting next-generation services under URLLCs requirements.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"1202-1215"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10879074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trustworthy Reputation for Federated Learning in O-RAN Using Blockchain and Smart Contracts","authors":"Farhana Javed;Josep Mangues-Bafalluy;Engin Zeydan;Luis Blanco","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3540159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3540159","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a blockchain-enabled framework to enhance trust, transparency, and collaboration in Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) infrastructures through Federated Learning (FL). Traditional O-RAN architectures and centralized machine learning approaches face challenges when integrating multi-vendor environments, primarily due to lack of trust, proprietary data concerns, and limited interoperability. Our solution transitions from implicit trust, where the reliability of contributions is assumed, to explicit trust, where reputation is verifiably established on-chain. We introduce a blockchain-based reputation mechanism that evaluates the accuracy, integrity, and quality of participants’ model updates within the FL process. Smart contracts automate critical tasks-such as participant registration, model update verification, and reputation scoring-ensuring that data inputs directly influence accountability in a tamper-proof, transparent manner. By deploying the framework on a scalable Layer 2 blockchain (Polygon) testnet and proposing the use of a blockchain oracle within this architectural framework for secure off-chain computations, this work focuses on a conceptual architectural approach by aligning with O-RAN’s architecture to propose and deploy a Decentralized Application (DApp) on the blockchain. The proposed framework emphasizes a conceptual design over performance optimization and is structured to naturally benefit from ongoing improvements in blockchain scalability, which may reduce latency and enhance operational efficiency over time. Smart contracts for crucial processes and reputation calculation are included within our proposed DApp. The implementation of this work is publicly accessible <uri>https://github.com/farhanajaved/Reputation_O-RAN</uri>.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"1343-1362"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10879031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Complexity Oversampled OTFS Receivers With Reduced Overhead","authors":"Narendra Deconda;Srikrishna Bhashyam;Nambi Seshadri;R. David Koilpillai","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3540356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3540356","url":null,"abstract":"Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation enables reliable communication in fast time-varying, frequency-selective channels. It is a delay-Doppler (DD) domain modulation that models the information symbols and the channel in the DD domain. This paper considers a pulse-shaped OTFS system with oversampling at the receiver. To mitigate Inter-Frame and Inter-Block Interference, we propose a Reduced Cyclic Prefix (RCP) and Reduced Cyclic Suffix (RCS) frame structure for the OTFS systems that need significantly less overhead than the existing Zero-padded OTFS frame structure. At the receiver, we propose a Finite Impulse Response filter-based Noise Whitening and an iterative delay-time domain Maximal Ratio Combining equalizer that has low complexity and employs oversampling. Through Monte Carlo simulations, we show improved system error performance with oversampling and excess bandwidth. The proposed equalizer provides a significant complexity reduction compared to the existing Message-passing equalizer for a minimal degradation in error performance. We then simulate a Matched Filter Bound (MFB) for OTFS systems. The proposed equalizer is within 3 dB of the MFB performance at an error rate of 10-4.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10879026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}