Zemljiste i biljka最新文献

{"title":"Influence of Ambrosia artemisiifolia extract on germination and growth of Pisum sativum L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. seedlings","authors":"Tanja Maksimović, Larisa Marković, D. Hasanagić","doi":"10.5937/zembilj2102033m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2102033m","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has shown that there are allelopathic interactions between plants, releasing allelochemicals for which it is still unknown whether they are randomly generated or transmitted from generation to generation. In this paper, the influence dried ragweed leaves (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) aqueous extract of different concentrations: concentrated extract (10%), extract diluted to 1/2 (5%); 1/4 (2.5%) and 1/8 (1.25%) on germination and growth of peas and beans was monitored. The results showed that the increased concentration of ragweed extract inhibited germination, prolonged germination time and decreased the germination index of both test plant species compared to the control. The ragweed extract (concentrated and 1/2) reduced the growth of shoots and roots compared to the control (by more than 50%), with the inhibitory effect being more visible on young pea plants compared to beans. The results of the research showed that the presence of ragweed as a weed in the field significantly reduces the germination and growth of cultivated plants, which is why care should be taken to suppress and remove it in a timely manner.","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71220319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving organic production by introducing biopreparations through yield analysis and soybean yield components","authors":"B. Vojnov, S. Šeremešić, M. Vasiljević, M. Manojlović, Vladimir Milešević, Brankica Babec","doi":"10.5937/zembilj2102077v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2102077v","url":null,"abstract":"Organic agriculture as a system of sustainable agricultural production today is essential part in the development of value chains of products that have high nutritional value and environmental characteristics. Soybean is an important source of protein and oil, both for food and feed and belongs to one of the most important field crops. Continuous work on improving cultivation technology in organic systems of agricultural production is of great importance for expanding sustainable farming systems. Limited mineral nutrition in organic production has resulted in a large number of studies that were aimed primarily at increasing yields, as well as the quality of the final product, where the application of foliar fertilizers and fertilizers generally occupies an important place. The research aimed to present the possibility and importance of the application of fertilizers in organic soybean production. Three preparations (Italpollina NPK 4:4:4, Biofor soja, Wuxal ascofol) on soybean variety NS Kaća were tested. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the weight of 1000 grains differed statistically significantly between treatments, while fertilization reacted positively to the soybean grain yield in relation to the control variant, but no statistical significance was determined. The highest yield was determined on the treatment with Biofor soja (4.3 t ha-1 ).The results obtained after one year of research can serve as a guideline for improving the technology of soybean cultivation in organic production, but it is necessary to conduct further research on the application of different foliar fertilizers at different stages of growth, as well as in different doses.","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71220413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hot water extractable organic carbon of chernozem under the system of cover crop incorporation and subsequent sowing of spring crops","authors":"B. Vojnov, S. Šeremešić, B. Ćupina, Đ. Krstić, S. Vujić, M. Zivanov, S. Pavlović","doi":"10.5937/zembilj2002082v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2002082v","url":null,"abstract":"In the agroecological conditions of Vojvodina, there is not enough research on the influence of plowing cover crops as a green manure on the content of labile organic carbon soluble in hot water (HWOC). The aim of the study was to determine the influence of crop rotation of different species of winter cover crops (CC) and spring crops in the subsequent sowing period (corn, soybeans and Sudan grass) on the content of organic matter (OM) levels as well as the dynamic of labile OM. Research was carried out at the Rimski Šančevi experimental station under Chernozem soil type. The winter CC consisted of the combined intercrops: winter pea (Pisum sativum ssp. Arvense L.) + triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus) (PT) and single-species CC winter pea (P) and control (without CC). Plowing of CC and control plots was carried out at a depth of 27 cm in the last decades of May 2018, and the sowing of maize, soybean and Sudan grass in early June with addition of 50 kg N ha-1 . Sampled was done in October at depth of: 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm. The analysis of variance determined a significant effect of cultivated crops (maize, soybeans and Sudan grass) in the subsequent sowing period on the changes of the HWOC content, as well as the interaction of cover crops and fertilization. The highest value of HWOC was measured in maize (658 µg g-1 ) on the variant P N0 (0-20 cm), and the lowest in the Sudan grass P N50 (20-40 cm). The highest share of HWOC in the total OM content was found in maize (2.56%), while the lowest share was measured in Sudan grass (1.87%).","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71219255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of climatic factors on growth and development of Cichorium Endivia in greenhouse in Leningrad region, Russia","authors":"Tatiana Lavrishcheva, A. Lavrishchev, A. Litvinovich","doi":"10.5937/zembilj2002055l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2002055l","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the results of the study of the effect of climatic factors on the yield and biometric indicators of various varieties of endive chicory (Cichorium endivia (L.)) over a two-year study grown in the summer-autumn period in the plastic greenhouses on the experimental plots of the St. Petersburg Agrarian University, Pushkin, Russia. The plants of the genus Chicory are known and valued for their unique medicinal and nutritional properties. Total of 14 varieties of domestic and foreign Cichorium endivia breeding were studied. The study was carried out in 2015 and 2016years that were sharply differed in the amount of precipitation and temperature. The climate of Leningrad region is characterised with humid and long-lasting cold season. The aim of the research was to identify the variety of endive chicory that is most suitable and tolerant for the climatic conditions of Leningrad region, Russia. During the growing season the plant biometric parameters such as plant height (cm), rosette diameter of leaves (cm), and number of leaves (pieces) were measured. During harvesting, additional parameters such as biomass of plants and leaves, the area of the assimilation surface were determined. The decrease in plant biometric parameters during the phenological observations in September 2016 was associated with an increased amount of precipitation in July-August. The results showed that the variety \"Broad Betavian fullhearted\" was the most sensitive to the adverse effects of weather, showing the largest variation in biometrics over the studied years. In plants of this variety the mass of leaves decreased by 9.2 times, the area of the assimilation surface was reduced by 11.6 times, while the crop shortfall in 2016 was almost 90%. The varieties \"Green curled\" and \"Scarola bionda\" were the most tolerant to weather conditions. These varieties were characterized by the maximum yield in both years of research: \"Green curled\"-7.90 kg/m 2 and 2.87 kg/m 2 , \"Scarola bionda\"-8.06 kg/m 2 and 2.84 kg/m 2 in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Generally, the result of the study showed that most of the studied varieties were sensitive to the amount of precipitation and the number of sunny days. The study made it possible to identify the most sensitive and most tolerant varieties of endive chicory for growing in the Leningrad region.","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71219236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salt affected soils under cotton-based irrigation agriculture in southern Kazakhstan","authors":"S. Tanirbergenov, E. Saljnikov, B. Suleimenov, A. Saparov, Dragan Čakmak","doi":"10.5937/zembilj2002001t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2002001t","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinity of the irrigated soils in a cotton farm of Kazakhstan was studied aimed to provide background for reconstruction of collection-drainage system of whole region and preventing soil deterioration. The experimental data obtained for 2012-2014 were plotted for the development of the map of soil salinity (1:10000) seasonally and vertically. In spring 2014 the area under medium saline soil in 0-20 cm layer decreased from 79.5 to 57.7%; the area of weakly saline soils increased from 20.5 to 34.6%. In autumn and winter periods the area of strongly saline soils decreased from 25.6 to 14.1%. The area of non-saline soils was 7.7%. The changes in the ions amount, both vertically and seasonally, occur with transport of salts along soil profile driven by temperature gradients and the level of ground water, i.e., in spring from up to down, and in autumn and winter, contrary from down to up.","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71218713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the qualitative composition of soil organic matter: Problems and solutions","authors":"Alehander Popov, G. Kholostov, E. Sazanova, J. Simonova, K. Tsivka","doi":"10.5937/zembilj2002027p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2002027p","url":null,"abstract":"The components of soil organic matter (SOM) such as lipids (waxes, fats, and resins), pigments (oxyanthraquinones and related substances, tetrapyrrole compounds and carotenoids), kerogen, glomalins, and hydrophobins are briefly described in the paper. In the traditional assessment of the qualitative composition of SOM, all of the above substances, as well as the products of hydrolytic destruction of detritus and partially decomposed plant material, pass into the alkaline solution. The resulting mixture, containing both specific and individual organic compounds, is usually subdivided into fulvic acids, hematomelanic and humic acids. It is proposed to revise the methodology for extracting various components of SOM. The new method should be based on the affinity of the SOM components for certain organic solvents and should allow the separation of humic substances and melanin from glomalin and hydrophobins.","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71219320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ionizing radiation on barley growth effects of ionizing radiation of seeds on the initial growth of barley, determination of the frequency and spectrum of mutational variability in M1 morphological properties","authors":"L. Tokhetova, B. Baizhanova, R. Nurymova, Danabek Nurzhanov, N. Nurgaliev","doi":"10.5937/zembilj2002039t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2002039t","url":null,"abstract":"Gamma irradiation technology is considered to be very promising for trait-based plant modification. The effect of g-irradiation on the germination, growth, and productivity of daughter generations of barley M1 and M2 is highly relevant. The aims of the study was the creation of a source material for barley breeding in the form of mutant lines with selectively valuable traits, by treating seeds with ionizing radiation using an electron accelerator of the Park of Nuclear Technologies JSC (Kurchatov, Republic of Kazakhstan); as well as to improve and expand the classical methods of breeding based on induced mutagenesis in creating an original gene pool of the source and breeding material of barley for the accelerated and effective introduction of stress tolerant(to salinization and drought) varieties into production in the conditions of Aral Sea impacted landscapes. Seeds of the two varieties of barley were treated with five doses of radiation (from 50 Gy to 250 Gy). The germination and various morphological characteristics of their seedlings at different growing phases were compared with the non-irradiated (control) treatment. The results of this preliminary study showed that both treated varieties were sensitive to the g-irradiation and showed suppressed morphological properties, where the highest dose of 250 Gy showed most inhibiting effect resulting in death of barely seedling. The results obtained will be applied for the further expanded research with other specified doses of g-ray treatment of seeds in order to create a basis in strengthening and deploying full-scale breeding work for diversified crop production in the region and improving existing varieties for further breeding.","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71219189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculation of maize evapotranspiration using evaporation and reference evapotranspiration methods","authors":"B. Pejić, K. Mačkić, I. Bajić, V. Sikora, D. Simić, Milena Jančić-Tovjanin, B. Gajić","doi":"10.5937/zembilj2002015p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2002015p","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of irrigation scheduling of maize was done by using evaporation from the free water surface (Eo) and correction coefficients (k) and reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and crop coefficients (kc). The field experiment was carried out in 2018 on the Experimental field of the Institute of field and vegetable crops in the Department of alternative crops in Bački Petrovac. Maize hybrid NS 6030 was used for the trials. The plants were irrigated by a drip system with a lateral in each row with drippers spaced every 0.33 m. The drippers had an average flow rate of 2.0 l h-1 under the pressure of 70 kPa. The differences in yield of maize in the irrigation conditions were not statistically significant compared to the variant without irrigation because the year was favorable for maize production. As well there was no difference among variants used for the calculation of maize evapotranspiration. Maize evapotranspiration in the growing season (ETm) were 502 mm and 429 mm by using ETo and kc and Eo and k. Monthly values of ETm during the growing season were consistent regardless of the calculation methods, except in July. Values of ETm in July of 151 mm and 107 mm calculated by using ETo and kc and Eo and k methods as well the daily values which are correlated with the monthly have to be checked in irrigation scheduling of maize in the following investigation period. If statistical significance in maize yield between different methods of calculation is determined, the procedure with a higher yield has to be accepted in the calculation of ETm in the climatic conditions of the Vojvodina region. Otherwise, if the differences in maize yield are not statistical significance a method of calculation by using Eo and k will be recommended, because the value of the lower daily water used on maize evapotranspiration may be considered more realistic.","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71219300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of desalinization procedures of \"slatinas\" of Banat and Bačka","authors":"B. Žeželj, Z. Hojka, Predrag Dimovski","doi":"10.5937/ZEMBILJ1901045Q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ZEMBILJ1901045Q","url":null,"abstract":"It’s well known that the basic condition for halomorfic soils formation is appearance of ascedent saline ground water rising in both, arid-semi arid regions, as well as existence of one season high temperature such as in Vojvodina (“Slatinas” of Banat and Backa). The precioius technological procedures and instruction, relared to selection and choicement of the experimental datas and results, have been implemented in order to verify applied metodes and procedures of halomorphic soils desalinization. The analysed and adopted experimental fields in Banat and Backa were anticipated as the regions of complexive amelioration of Slatinas, extended near by the natural and artificial water resourses (Danube, Sava, Tisa etc.). Evaluations of Pedogenetical process, as well as forming of our soils and the soils where the basic experiments have been established are rather similar. The soils formed by the alluvial deposites after big rivers streams flooding are concerned. Intensive and permanent temperature inconstantation in South East Europe Desalinization of slatinas, Žeželj, et al., ZEMLJISTE I BILJKA, VOL. 68, No. 1, 45-60 46 during the summer months period have a greate influence in moving the climatic characteristics toward the semi arid climatic condition, distinguished by the high air temperature and lack of rainfalls. Conception, methods and technological procedures in Slatinas amelioration have beed applied at the locations of part of Banat and Backa regions halomorphic soils related to two classes, sush as: Solončak (Banat), Solonjec (Bačka). Investigated soils were classified into 3 classes: Class I (salinity range ECo<20 mmhos/cm, with small range of reclamative-amelioration measures), Class II (salinity range 20<ECo<20 mmhos/cm, with medium range measures to be applied), Class III (range bof salinity 40<ECo<40 mmhos/cm at 25 o C, big range of measures and procedures required).","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71218487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The land use and soil protection: Planning and legal regulations in Serbia","authors":"L. Bezbradica, Marijana Pantić, A. Gajić","doi":"10.5937/ZEMBILJ1902051B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ZEMBILJ1902051B","url":null,"abstract":"Land, as one of the basic environmental factors, is under large impact by intensive agricultural production, urbanisation, mining activities, erosion caused by anthropogenic factors, etc., which can easily result in its degradation. The unplanned land use increases the risks of degradation and reduction of the land resource. Chemical pollution, unfavourable physical and mechanical characteristics, disruption and accumulation processes, infrastructural occupancy of land represent only few forms of the land degradation. The largest portion of the land in the Republic of Serbia is covered by forests, and only then agricultural, water and construction land. The land use, management and protection is regulated by legislation and planning documents, which are the object of this paper. In the first part of the document analysis, the focus is on the review of the relevant laws adopted in Serbia, such as the Law on Forests, the Law on Spatial Planning and Construction, the Law on Environmental Protection, the Law on Land Protection, and the Law on Agricultural Land, bearing in mind the fact that the legislation forms a basis for further implementation of the planning management and supervision of the land use of all types and purposes. The other part of the review deals with the planning acts as pioneering documents in the integral overview of space, and/or all the activities in it. To that purpose, several spatial plans for different types of areas and different primary functions of land use have been chosen. In its conclusion, this paper explains the symbiosis of legislation and planning documents, and/or their implementation, as well as the significance of such symbiosis for the land function and its sustainable utilisation in the Republic of Serbia.","PeriodicalId":33795,"journal":{"name":"Zemljiste i biljka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71218511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}