Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Detection of honey falsification with an admixture of sodium bicarbonate using the bromothymol blue indicator","authors":"I. V. Yatsenko, I. Lotskin, N. Bogatko, V. O. Yevstafyeva, M. Mazanna, М. О. Dehtiarov","doi":"10.32819/2021.93021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.93021","url":null,"abstract":"A method for detecting honey falsification with sodium bicarbonate, added deliberately to reduce the mass fraction of water in honey, increase its density and consistency, eliminate signs of fermentation and reduce contamination by microorganisms, has been substantiated. The used indicator is bromothymol blue alcohol solution with a mass concentration of 0.01% in an amount of 2-3 drops. In the absence of sodium bicarbonate admixture in honey, the colour of the solution is olive; in case of the sodium bicarbonate addition up to 1.0% of the honey volume - it turns light blue; from 1.1 to 2.0% – sky blue; from 2.1 to 3.0% – dark blue. The proposed method is reliable, fast, easy to carry out, does not require a lot of cost for reagents and can be used in combination with other methods for determining the safety and quality of honey, as well as detecting its falsifications. The developed method can be used to detect honey falsification with sodium bicarbonate when determining its safety and quality in production laboratories at facilities for the production of honey and apiproducts, supermarkets, wholesale depots, stores, state laboratories of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection (SSUFSCP), in government laboratories, in laboratories at designated border inspection posts when carrying out simple laboratory tests using express methods, as well as during the forensic examination of honey. Based on the results of the developed author’s method, it is possible to obtain qualitative characteristics for assessing the honey safety and its quality. The possibility of using an express and effective control system within the framework of simple laboratory tests at designated border inspection posts will allow the implementation of an effective food control system at the stage of their state border verification. Establishing mismatches at the stage of border control and sending laboratory samples for extended laboratory studies (tests) to the state laboratory of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection, will strengthen the effectiveness of the control system at the stage of early detection of insecurity indicators and prevent the products release that do not meet safety and quality characteristics into circulation. The development of a methodological concept and the creation of a base of methods for detecting honey falsification will contribute to the distribution of safe and high-quality products for consumers, systematization of simple methods for food products study, including honey, in laboratories at designated border inspection posts, during the implementation of state control measures at the Ukrainian state border, will increase the reliability, objectivity and accuracy of the results of the examination, in case of carrying out.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of the lymph nodes parenchyma relative volume of structural and functional zones in cattle (Bos taurus) in early postnatal ontogenesis","authors":"M. Kravtsova, M. Nikitina","doi":"10.32819/2021.94025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.94025","url":null,"abstract":"Lymph nodes are peripheral organs of hemo- and lymphopoiesis, their parenchyma is formed by lymphoid tissue and is divided into separate structural and functional lobules, each of which, in turn, is formed by highly and low-specialized cellular zones. The dynamics of age-related changes in the relative volume of the structural and functional zones of the lymph nodes parenchyma lobules in newborn calves of 10-, 30-, 120-day-old was determined. There were examined: superficial cervical, axillary, iliac, popliteal, medial retropharyngeal, caudal mediastinal, medial iliac, iliocolic lymph nodes. The relative volume of the deep cortex central zones units, lymph nodules, interfollicular zone and medullary cords was determined on thin paraffin histosections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. In newborn calves, the lymph nodes lobules were formed, among the structural and functional zones the centers of the deep cortex units were most developed, the relative volume of which was 27–33% and the medullary cords – 21–31%, and the least ones were lymph nodules. The lymph nodules volume without light centers varied within 0.4–1.6%, with light centers – 0.3–1%. The interfollicular zone was 4–11%. During the first ten days of calf life, the greatest growth dynamics was observed in the deep cortex central zones units, the interfollicular zone, and the medullary cords. Until the age of 30 days, the dynamics of an increase in the relative volume of deep cortex units and interfollicular zone stabilized and showed a further tendency of insignificant growth. The most intense increase in the relative volume of lymph nodules was observed in 120-day-old calves. The volume of the medullary cords decreased in all the examined nodes in 30- and 120-day-old calves.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolism state in laboratory rats when using amaranth oil and Humilid","authors":"M. I. Harashchuk, L. Stepchenko, T. Spitsina, V. R. Goryaniy","doi":"10.32819/2021.91005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.91005","url":null,"abstract":"The search for new natural non-toxic biologically active substances for animals used to correct and stimulate metabolic processes, and through it the ability to control the growth and animals’ productivity, the state of their natural resistance is the main task of the present. The paper presents study results on the effect of cold-pressed amaranth oil and biologically active additive of humic nature «Humilid» when used simultaneously on the general body condition, growth indicators of laboratory rats, morphofunctional and biochemical parameters of their blood. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: – to investigate how cold-pressed amaranth oil affects the metabolic processes in the body of laboratory rats; – to conduct research and analyze the effect of the cold-pressed amaranth oil and a humic nature biologically active substance «Humilid» simultaneous use on the indicators of their homeostasis. To accomplish the tasks, the following research methods were used: physiological, morpho-functional, and blood biochemical analysis in experimental laboratory rats. Sexually mature male white rats of 2 months age were used in the experiment. For the study, three groups of animals were formed. The experiment lasted four weeks, during which the animals of the first experimental group received daily, in addition to the main feed settled amaranth oil in the amount of 0.1 ml per rat, and free access to the drinking water. Rats of the second experimental group in addition to the main feed received settled amaranth oil in the amount of 0.1 ml, and free access to the drinking of 0.005% solution Humilid. It was found that the simultaneous use of cold-pressed amaranth oil and Humilid in laboratory rats had a positive effect on the state of erythron, erythrocytes count increased by an average of 28% (P < 0.001), hemoglobin concentration by 10% (P < 0.05). At the same time in animals the biosynthetic function of the liver improved, the total protein content in the blood significantly increased by 10% (P < 0.05), and the amount of albumin by 25% (P < 0.01). Energy processes in the body of experimental animals were increased, that pointed a decrease in blood glucose levels by 22% (P < 0.05). The obtained data obtained indicates that the simultaneous use of amaranth oil and Humilid had a positive effect on the state of homeostasis and metabolic processes in the body of laboratory rats. Thus for them synergistic action is noted.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the physicochemical properties of whey and cottage cheese produced from the milk of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy cows with different genotypes of kappa-casein during storage","authors":"I. Polieva, I. Korh","doi":"10.32819/2021.93018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.93018","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents experimental materials on the study of changes in the whey and cottage cheese physicochemical properties which are made from the milk of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy cows with different kappa-casein genotypes during storage. The experimental part of the work was carried out in the conditions of a pedigree plant for breeding Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed of the «Profintern» unit of the State Enterprise «Gontarivka» in the Institute of Animal Science of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences (NAAS). Based on the analysis results of the chemical composition, there were no significant differences between the groups for most indicators during storage in the period from the first to the 15th day, although in absolute values they can be placed in the following order: cottage cheese made from milk of cows with the BB genotype, AB and AA. It was found that the concentration of active acidity, similar to most quality indicators of cottage cheese, was determined at the beginning of storage by a higher value in cows with genotype BB by 0.9 and 0.5% compared to animals with genotypes AA and AB. With the extension of the shelf life, the rate of acid formation tended to decrease and on the 15-th day was 3.8–3.1%, compared the initial values. In contrast, the difference between the samples from the representatives with the BB and AA genotype in terms of the activity of hydrogen ions during this period was 1.6% and the AB genotype – 0.9%. Despite the fact that the duration of storage had a negative effect on the hydrogen ions’ concentration in cottage cheese, made from cow’s milk with different genotypes of kappa-casein, its moisture-retaining properties, on the contrary, have improved. It was found that cottage cheese and whey, regardless of the cows’ genotype at the kappa-casein locus, during storage have a relatively stable composition and meet the requirements of the current DSTU. The recommended shelf life is 15 days. The best combination of the studied parameters in the production of BB genotype cows reflects the higher course of metabolic processes in the body, which led to an improvement in its quality.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphogenesis of endochondral ossification centres of bones in racing pigeon chicks during the early postnatal period of ontogenesis","authors":"A. Oliyar, A. A. Bohomaz, V. Logvinova, M. Nikitina, M. Lieshchova","doi":"10.32819/2021.94028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.94028","url":null,"abstract":"Racing pigeons are potential carriers of zooanthroponic diseases, since they can travel considerable distances during their flight. The study of the formation features of the pigeon skeleton’s hematopoietic function on different levels of its structural organization with the determination of the relationship between the growth and development of hematopoietic components and the processes of osteohistogenesis is necessary to understand the immunity of pigeons, especially during the early stages of their development when young animals are in the greatest risk of disease, especially during processes of osteogenesis and haematopoiesis in chicks. The bones of the axial and peripheral skeleton of one-day-old, 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, and 25-day-old pigeons (n = 5) were examined. The presence and degree of development of dia- and epiphyseal ossification centers (EOCs), their relative area (RA) and X-ray density in the organs of universal hematopoiesis were determined on radiographs made on an x-Ray-TW-102 x-ray machine with an Alpha 4600 receiver using the MultiVox Dicom Viewer program. It was established that in day-old pigeons the rudiments of the studied bones are completely built by cartilaginous tissue, have low radiographic density, and fuzzy contours on radiographs. On the 10th day of life, the axial skeleton of pigeon cubs has formed EOCs of head and a tubercle on the 5th rib (third «true rib»), while in the bones of the peripheral skeleton there is an enchondral EOC of the diaphysis. The spongy and compact bone structure (BS) of the bones were fuzzy. The body of the rib and the epiphyses of the limbs’ tubular bones were cartilaginous. The X-ray density of the humerus at this age remains unchanged, and the tibial-metatarsal increases by 1.5 times, reaching 12 HU. In 15-day-old chicks, the RA of the EOC in the skeleton was moderately increased due to an increase in the RA of previously formed EOCs at the age of 10 days, the appearance of individual EOCs in the body of 5th rib, and in the tubular bones of the limbs, the enchondral EOCs of the proximal and distal epiphyses. In the diaphysis of the extremities tubular bones, a strip-like compact BS was clearly distinguished, and in the epiphyses, a small-sized spongy BS. The X-ray density of the bones almost doubled, reaching 19–21 HU. In 20-day-old pigeons, the processes of osteohistogenesis in the skeleton were almost completed, in the studied bones, all the main and additional EOCs were well expressed, their RA increased sharply. X-ray density of bones did not change. For 25-day-old pigeons in the skeleton, there was a slight increase in RA of the EOC, a process of complete synostosis of the bones was characteristic. From the moment of the appearance of the EOC in 10-day-old chicks until they reach the age of 25 days, the bones of the axial skeleton and the skeleton of the limbs were formed by 95–100% of BS, and their X-ray density was increased almost 2.5 times, reaching 19–26 HU.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70176590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the goat’s milk composition due to heat stress at the farm of the Ukrainian steppe zone","authors":"S. V. Chumak, V. Chumak, A. Horchanok","doi":"10.32819/2021.92012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.92012","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between milk indicators of dairy goats that are staying under heat stress with the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian steppe zone. The main research areas of animals’ reaction to temperature stress were monitoring their physiological state, changes in behavior and metabolism through the neuroendocrine mechanisms of their regulation, assessing the immune system functional state, the antioxidant defense system, and determining the activity of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. It is important to control the respiratory rate of animals, which becomes especially important when the air humidity is high and the reversal of the fat/protein ratio in milk is detected. It occurs under stressful conditions and significantly affects the technological properties of milk, especially in animals with high milk productivity. It is useful to provide goats after kidding with the opportunity to stay for a long time with an adequate photoperiod, this will affect the synthesis of prolactin and the level of milk yield at the peak of lactation. When feeding highly productive animals, it becomes important to regulate both the appetite of animals and the composition of the diet. This is important to prevent digestive disorders because the state of the ruminant stomach microbiota of the feed affects the synthesis of the constituent components of milk. When breeding, attention should be paid to multiple pregnancies, because the long-term effect of gonadotropins and other biologically active substances from the placenta affects the ability of females to produce greater milk secretion in the next lactation. According to the obtained results, staying in the transition zone according to the THI (more than 65) affected some of the chemical parameters of goat’s milk. In particular, there was a decrease in fat content, and therefore also the dry matter content and the fat/protein ratio, as well as urea, as one of the indicators of the rumen microbiota state. A significant increase in the number of somatic cells was observed almost three times, which confirms the presence of stress response from the mammary gland. For an objective assessment of the animals’ welfare state in terms of climatic conditions, it is advisable to use the definitions of the temperature-humidity index, and to confirm the stress response in dairy goats from any factor of keeping and feeding – laboratory determination of stress biomarkers in the composition of blood, milk, and urine.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70174934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Фактори, що впливають на мертвонародження поросят у свиноматок великої білої породи","authors":"A. Kramarenko, S. Kramarenko","doi":"10.32819/2021.91007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.91007","url":null,"abstract":"This study considers signs of a sow that affect the stillborn piglets number in the nest and the likelihood of stillbirth. The animals that were used for this study were kept on the pig farm of «Tavriys’ki svyni» LLC, located in the Skadovsky district (Kherson region, Ukraine). The experimental materials used for this study consisted of 100 animals from productive parent sows of the Large White pig. The reproductive indicators of each animal included in this study were evaluated. The total number of piglets at birth (both live and dead), i.e. total litter size and and sow farrowing number were monitored for the first eight farrows during the period of eleven years (2007–2017). Stillborn piglets were observed in 63.3 ± 1.7% of litter, and their average proportion in the nest was 11.5 ± 0.4%. The proportion of piglets born dead of the total piglets at birth obtained in this study is within the range of 5 to 15%, which has been previously noted for commercial pig farms in other countries. With an increase in the age of the sow (the number of farrowing’s), there was a gradual decrease in the proportion of the litter in which no stillborn piglet was observed (χ2 = 51.35; P < 0.001), and, conversely, the proportion of nests in which 2–4 stillborn piglets were recorded gradually increased (χ2 = 46.32; P < 0.001). The number of stillborn piglets and the frequency of stillborn piglets in the litter tended to increase in sows that had a large litter size at birth (in both cases: P < 0.001).The binary logistic regression analyses indicated that the probability of a piglet being stillborn was significantly associated with the farrowing number of the sow and the total number of piglets in the litter (χ2 = 155.00; P < 0.001). This model predicted well the presence of at least one stillborn piglet per litter (in 86.6% of cases) and more or less adequately predicted its absence (in 42.9%). Our results indicate that there is a significant interaction between the number of farrowing and the total size of the litter when determining the estimate of the proportion of stillborn piglets in the litter. The same predicted estimates can be obtained for a small litter in an older sow, or, conversely, for a large litter in a first-farrowing sow.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70174975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic homeostasis and level of productivity of first-heifers in the conditions of the industrial complex","authors":"I. Pishchan, L. Lytvyschenko, N. Kapshuk, S. Pishchan, V. Kozyr","doi":"10.32819/2021.94030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.94030","url":null,"abstract":"Collection of primary information and research was conducted on a herd of cows at the dairy production complex «Yekaterynoslavskyi» Dnipropetrovsk region of Ukraine. To study the productive qualities of Brown Swiss cows were selected 75 heifers of the same age, live weight and pregnancy period. For biochemical studies in healthy heifers (9 goals), and after their calving, blood was taken from the median caudal vein of the tail in vacuum tubes before the morning distribution of feed . Studies of the biochemical composition of the blood of cows were performed at 8 months of pregnancy, and the first heifers – at 2 months of lactation. After calving of heifers took into account the level of milk yield per day and lactation (kg), the mass fraction of fat and protein (%). Researches have shown that the concentration of albumin in the serum of experimental heifers was insignificant, as it averaged 22.6 g/l and was slightly lower than normal. The level of albumin in the serum of first heifers was inferior to the lower limit of normal by 13.5% and was, respectively, 26.33 g/l, while exceeding indicate of heifers by 14.2%. The globulin fraction of heifer exceeded the index after calving and during lactation by 16.7%. Despite the significant difference in the indicators of albumins and globulins, the protein coefficient in experimental first heifers was satisfactory and averaged 0.65 units. Indicate of serum nitrogen in urea during pregnancy and during the first lactation was practically at the lower limit of norm and averaged 7.30–7.34 mg%. Thus, metabolic homeostasis in the first pregnancy is naturally dynamic and corresponds to the level of physiological processes of the organism and the provision of vital nutrients of the general-mixed ration. The metabolic homeostasis of first heifers is in a tense state, which is determined by the first lactation function and adaptation to the harsh conditions of the industrial complex. This allows animals to realize their genetic potential of milk productivity for 376.4 days at the level of 9228.5 kg with a mass fraction of fat 4.15% and protein – 3.45%. Brown Swiss first heifers were characterized by satisfactory indicators of reproductive function. The reproductive ability was at the level of 0.87, and the insemination index did not exceed 2.83 units.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70177455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the disinfectant’s «Enzides» toxic effects on infusoria cells","authors":"V. Kozhyn, M. Kukhtyn, Y. Horiuk, V. Horiuk, Y. B. Perkiy, D. Gufrij","doi":"10.32819/2021.94029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.94029","url":null,"abstract":"Conducting preclinical studies of newly disinfectant’s solutions is a prerequisite for their further testing in production conditions. For this, various methods are used to determine the possible toxic effects of disinfectant solutions on the cells of protozoa and warm-blooded animals. The aim of work was to establish the toxic concentration of disinfectant «Enzidez» on laboratory strain WH-14 of infusoria Tetrachymena pyriformis. Determination of toxicity has been performed using a certified strain WH-14 of infusoria Tetrachymena pyriformis. For this purpose, solutions of disinfectant «Enzidez» have been prepared at +20 and +30°C and infusion strain has been introduced into them, kept for 15 and 30 min, after material was taken for microscopy and the number of surviving Tetrachymena cells was counted in Goryaev chamber. It has been found that at 0.25% concentration of «Enzidez» disinfectant solution for 15 min of action, the survival rate of protozoa was 88.7 ± 0.4%. The effect of the agent at a concentration of 0.25% on infusoria for 30 min led to a decrease in their number by 16.9% compared to the control sample. However, this concentration is not classified as toxic. For 0.5% concentration of the agent within 15 minutes of exposure, a decrease of 15.5% in living cells of infusoria was observed, and after 30 minutes of exposure, by 26.7% compared with the control. Accordingly, exposure of this solution for 30 min is considered to be slightly toxic to Tetrachymena. The most toxic to infusoria has been 0.75% concentration of «Enzidez» disinfectant. Within 15 minutes of exposure, 61.3 ± 0.2% of surviving infusoria cells were noted, compared with the control, this regimen has been considered to be slightly toxic to Tetrachymena. When exposed for 30 min, only 42.2 ± 0.2% of infusoria were detected alive, i.e. this regimen is considered toxic to Tetrachymena pyriformis. Therefore, the disinfectant «Enzidez» at a concentration of 0.1–0.25% and a temperature of solutions from +20 to +30 ° C for 30 minutes of exposure was not toxic to infusoria cells.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70177876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of tumor pathology of dogs in the metropolis","authors":"G. V. Samoilіuk","doi":"10.32819/2021.92016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.92016","url":null,"abstract":"A statistical analysis of the prevalence of tumor pathology of dogs in the city of Dnipro. 418 cases of registered oncological diseases of dogs were analyzed. It was found that malignant neoplasms are 1.5 times more common than benign. The most common tumors in dogs are tumors of the breast (35,9%), skin (22,0%), genitals (15,3%) and lymphoma(8,4%). Malignant neoplasms of the breast are registered 3.6 times more often than benign and surpass them in morphological varieties. Fibroadenomas and infiltrating and non-infiltrating carcinomas were mainly registered. Approximately the same number of cases of infiltrating and non-infiltrating cancers were noted. Benign skin tumors are more common than malignant. Mastocytosis, melanoma, and squamous and basal cell carcinomas of the skin and sebaceomas were the most commonly reported. In terms of morphological varieties, benign skin neoplasms are superior to malignant ones. Lipomas and papillomas are very common. Genital neoplasms of females and males are also common. Almost half of male genital tumors were malignant seminomas. Among benign neoplasms, serteliomas and leydigomas were more common. In females, the most common are uterine leiomyoma, vaginal fibroma and ovarian carcinoma. Lymphomas (8.4%) are also widespread in dogs in the metropolis. The average age of registration of these neoplasms was 7.5 years. Benign tumors in the oral cavity of dogs were twice as common as malignant, of which fibrosarcomas, squamous keratinized and non-keratinized carcinomas, and salivary gland adenocarcinomas were reported. In females, oral neoplasia occurred 3.2 times more often than in males. Only malignant venereal sarcomas and carcinomas were found in the nasal cavity of dogs. Sexual and pedigree predisposition was not observed here. Among neoplasms of muscles and bones there was only a malignant oncological pathology. Rhabdomyosarcomas, fibrosarcomas, myxoid liposarcomas and other soft tissue sarcomas were diagnosed in different parts of the dog’s body. Bone neoplasms are represented by osteosarcomas. Dogs of large breeds were most often affected and in most cases the hind limbs were affected. The predominant histological subtype was osteoblastic osteosarcoma.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}